<p>The thesis attempts to explore and analyze the characteristics of the writing of death in Cioran' s texts. Living in France smce 1937, the Romanian-born French writer E.M.Cioran has established a significant position for himself in contemporary French literature. He has been considered one of the greatest French stylists while his contribution to the development of the contemporary essay has o~en been compared to Beckett's contribution to the renewal of the theater in postwar France. The first part of the study is an inquiry into the sense of death that oriented Cioran' s aphoristic writings from beginning to end. I try to describe the crisis of metaphysics and language that influenced Cioran' s -writing, as well as the possible links between his essays and a particular Romanian feeling for death. On the other hand, I also connect Cioran' s writings with the sense of death that characterizes contemporary examinations of discourse in the period after 1960, in France. In the second part of the thesis I attempt to formulate a typological description and analysis of Cioran' s essential modes of expression, the essay and the aphorism. My intention is to examine the feeling of death as a generator of style through an analysis of Cioran' s fundamental texts. The thesis ultimately suggests that in Emil Cioran's work, the feeling of death represents a direct challenge to the legitimacy of literature. Is Cioran a great metaphysician of death? Or is his writing in revolt against the sterile rationalism of the metaphysical revolution that followed the Enlightenment? Should we, then, reconsider his thought and style as a post-modernist expression of the feeling of the end? The present study does not claim to answer these questions, but merely to suggest a few paths that could lead to a better understanding of the writing of an important contemporary French writer.</p> / Thesis / Master of Arts (MA)

(in English): This thesis deals with the phenomenon of populism on examples from contemporary France. Regarding the complexity of the concept and also the fact that scholars couldn't find a consensus on its definition, the author decided to examine it through Ernesto Laclau`s theory of populism which centers the construction of the people. Being oriented in French modern history and politics, the author chose for her analysis the current political movements - La France Insoumise and the National Front, which are discourses are centered on the construction of the people. Within the period between 2016 and 2018, she observed the way in which the notion of the people was constructed by the main representatives of both movements (especially the chairman of the National Front Marine Le Pen and the chairman of La France Insoumise Jean-Luc Mélenchon) with the aim to trace whether these movements differed and what role their leaders played. To illustrate her discourse analysis, the author conducted several semi-structured interviews with activists of the investigated movements and participated in organized public events. She concludes that there exists a difference between the construction of the people by National Front and by La France Insoumise same as their leaders often disagree with its activist...