A cadeia produtiva da construção civil exerce grande influência na macroeconomia de um país. Em contrapartida, este setor destaca-se pelo consumo indiscriminado de matérias-primas não renováveis, processos produtivos ineficientes, além de uma grande quantidade de resíduos gerados. A reciclagem de materiais de construção desempenha um papel importante para a sustentabilidade visto que se tem a conservação dos recursos naturais e a redução de áreas para aterro. O foco principal dessa pesquisa é o estudo de resíduos de construção e demolição, mais especificamente os agregados graúdos reciclados de concreto (AGRC). O objetivo principal desta tese foi analisar a influência dos principais parâmetros que regem a variabilidade de concretos produzidos com agregados graúdos reciclados de concreto (AGRC), visando a transferência tecnológica. O programa experimental foi dividido em seis etapas. Nas etapas iniciais, estudou-se o resíduo de concreto, analisando a sua origem, os métodos de ensaios, para por fim realizar a caracterização dos materiais. Nas etapas intermediárias, fez-se um estudo para entender o efeito da variação granulométrica durante o processo de produção do concreto com fins estruturais. E nas etapas finais foram feitos estudos quanto à condição de saturação do AGRC. Com os resultados pode-se concluir que com um eficiente controle dos parâmetros de variabilidade do AGRC é possível produzir concretos com fins estruturais, visando dessa forma a transferência tecnológica. / The construction industry supply chain has a great influence on country macro economy. In contrast, there is the indiscriminate consumption of non-renewable raw materials, production processes inefficient, plus a large amount of waste generated. The construction materials recycling plays an important role for the sustainability since it is the conservation of natural resources and reducing landfill areas. The main focus of this research is the study of construction and demolition waste, specifically recycled coarse aggregate concrete (AGRC). The main objective of this thesis is to analyze the influence of the main parameters governing the variability of concrete made with recycled coarse aggregate concrete (AGRC), aiming at technology transfer. The experimental program was divided into nine steps. In the early stages, concrete residue was studied, their origin and test methods were analyzed, and to end materials were characterized. In the intermediate stages, a study was made to understand the effect of varying particle size during the production process of structural concrete. And in the final stages studies were made in AGRC saturation condition. With the results it can be concluded that with an efficient control of AGRC variability parameter it is possible to produce concrete with structural objectives, aiming thereby to technology transfer.

The dissertation thesis is focused on the optimization of control parameters of an EDM machine; the subject of optimization is cutting speed and surface topography. The first part of the thesis contains a research study on the technology of electrical discharge machining with the attention paid to the optimization methods use for control parameters of this process. The second part of the thesis is focused on real application of knowledge gained from studied sources. Here, a design of experiment aim at optimizing the parameters of the EDM machine is designed and carried on to maximize the cutting speed with the highest possible surface quallity. The result of the work is to build adequate regression models and find the optimal setting of machine control parameters.

With the increased frequency of accidental and deliberate explosions, the response of civil infrastructure systems to blast loading has become a research topic of great interest. However, with the high cost and complex safety and logistical issues associated with live explosives testing, North American blast resistant construction standards (e.g. ASCE 59-11 & CSA S850-12) recommend the use of shock tubes to simulate blast loads and evaluate relevant structural response. This study aims first at developing a 2D axisymmetric shock tube model, implemented in ANSYS Fluent, a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software, and then validating the model using the classical Sod’s shock tube problem solution, as well as available shock tube experimental test results. Subsequently, the developed model is compared to a more complex 3D model in terms of the pressure, velocity and gas density. The analysis results show that there is negligible difference between the two models for axisymmetric shock tube performance simulation. However, the 3D model is necessary to simulate non-axisymmetric shock tubes. The design of a shock tube depends on the intended application. As such, extensive analyses are performed in this study, using the developed 2D axisymmetric model, to evaluate the relationships between the blast wave characteristics and the shock tube design parameters. More specifically, the blast wave characteristics (e.g. peak reflected pressure, positive phase duration and the reflected impulse), were compared to the shock tube design parameters (e.g. the driver section pressure and length, the driven v section length, and perforation diameter and their locations). The results show that the peak reflected pressure increases as the driver pressure increases, while a decrease of the driven length increases the peak reflected pressure. In addition, the positive phase duration increases as both the driver length and driven length are increased. Finally, although shock tubes generally generate long positive phase durations, perforations located along the expansion section showed promising results in this study to generate short positive durations. Finally, the developed 2D axisymmetric model is used to optimize the dimensions of a proposed large-scale conical shock tube system developed for civil infrastructure blast response evaluation applications. The capabilities of this proposed shock tube system are further investigated by correlating its design parameters to a range of explosion threats identified by different hemispherical TNT charge weight and distance scenarios. / Thesis / Master of Applied Science (MASc)

Cette thèse traite de la manière dont le musicien contrôle les régimes d'oscillation d'un instrument de la famille des cuivres. L'’association d’'un instrument et d'un musicien forme un système dynamique complexe. Le couplage non linéaire entre les lèvres et la colonne d’'air peut mener à un régime stationnaire, des auto-oscillations périodiques ou quasi-périodiques. De nombreux paramètres de contrôle permettent à un musicien de choisir le régime d’oscillation.Deux approches sont utilisées pour comprendre l’'émergence des régimes de l’'instrument et leur contrôle par le musicien. D'’une part, on étudie un modèle physique de cuivre, consistant en une valve à 1 degré de liberté couplée non linéairement à une expression modale de l’'impédance d’'entrée de l’'instrument. Les caractéristiques des régimes de ce modèle sont étudiés par analyse de stabilité linéaire, simulation numérique et équilibrage harmonique. L’'objectif est d'’estimer la capacité de ce modèle à reproduire le comportement de l’'instrument. Un outil expérimental est également développé pour mesurer simultanément des paramètres de contrôle employés par les musiciens et des variables de jeu.Les résultats améliorent la compréhension des régimes d’oscillation des cuivres. Les mesures expérimentales donnent les plages de variation des paramètres de jeu. Les résultats des méthodes d'’analyse se complètent, donnant une vision globale de l’'apparition des régimes oscillants du modèle et des informations détaillées sur certains points de fonctionnement. Certaines situations de jeu particulières sont étudiées: note pédale du trombone, ’influence de l’'utilisation d’'une sourdine et nature des sons multiphoniques. / This thesis focuses on how a musician controls and chooses the oscillation regimes of brass instruments.The association of an instrument and a musician is a complex dynamical system. The nonlinear coupling between the lips and the resonator can lead to a stationary regime, periodic or quasi-periodic self-sustained oscillations. Through several control parameters, a musician can select the desired regime.Two approaches are developed to understand the emergence of the instrument oscillation regimes and how a musician controls it. A physical model of brass instrument is studied. It consists in a one-degree-of-freedom lip valve nonlinearly coupled to a modal fit of the input impedance of the instrument. The features of several oscillation regimes of this model are studied through linear stability analysis, numerical simulation and harmonic balance. Goals are the assessment of the ability of this model to reproduce the behavior of the modelled instrument. An experimental setup is also developed to measure simultaneously playing parameters used by a musician and instrument variables.Results provide a better understanding of the behavior of brass instrument oscillation regimes. Measurements provide ranges of the control parameters. Results of the analysis methods of the model are complementary. A global vision of the occurrence of certain oscillation regimes is provided, along with more detailed information for some operating points. Some specific playing situations are examined in detail, such as the trombone pedal note, the influence of a passive or active mute on the latter, and the nature of multiphonic sounds.