Submitted by Sara Ribeiro (sara.ribeiro@ucb.br) on 2017-04-10T13:06:53Z No. of bitstreams: 1 IranseOliveiraSilvaTese2016.pdf: 9426128 bytes, checksum: d895bf162b329c1f4909c6a33a1845f4 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Sara Ribeiro (sara.ribeiro@ucb.br) on 2017-04-10T13:12:23Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 IranseOliveiraSilvaTese2016.pdf: 9426128 bytes, checksum: d895bf162b329c1f4909c6a33a1845f4 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-10T13:12:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 IranseOliveiraSilvaTese2016.pdf: 9426128 bytes, checksum: d895bf162b329c1f4909c6a33a1845f4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-29 / Aviation is the most effective means of transportation that exists today, serving billions of people every year. However stressors present in air travel cause autonomic changes occur, requiring the body an ability to deal with these factors. Therefore preventive and/or mitigating strategies of these effects need to be understood. The study aims to evaluate the autonomic and cardiovascular responses that occur in flight and its relationship to physical fitness. The research was done through two studies, where healthy men had the components of physical fitness: aerobic capacity, muscular strength and body fat previously evaluated; and the registration of heart rate variability (HRV) performed in a control day and a flight day. The first study 11 fighter pilots reported 3h HRV and had the level of dehydration during a test flight measured by hematocrit change. The flight lasted 1 hour and all underwent the same operating procedures. The second study, 22 passengers of commercial aviation, recorded 24h HRV and blood pressure simultaneously. The results of the study show that a supersonic flight caused a reduction in most HRV parameters during flight when compared with the control day. There is no autonomic anticipation. Entropy correlated with aerobic capacity and body fat. Dehydration generated by the flight changed HRV (RMSSD and SD1). The second study demonstrates that the commercial flight caused a reduction in most HRV parameters during flight (RMSSD; SD1; SampEn; LnHF; 1), and in 24h when compared with control day (FC; LnHF; 2). There was autonomic anticipation. The blood pressure and Rate-Pressure Product were significantly higher on the flight, with the largest increases two hours before the flight and staying elevated for up to two hours. The lower the body fat percentage and BMI, the greater the HRV during the flight day (RMSSD; LF; HF; SD1). Already the aerobic capacity the higher, the greater the HRV during the flight (LnLF; LnHF). Conclusions: The flight, in both situations and people, demanded the body autonomic responses generating significant vagal withdrawal, an increase in heart rate. The body fat and aerobic capacity, indicators of physical fitness, correlated with HRV, however differently in the two populations and situations: fighter pilots (SampEn) and passengers of commercial aviation (RMSSD; LF; HF; SD1). Dehydration generated by supersonic flight influence on HRV. The blood pressure (SBP, DBP, MAP) is influenced by virtue of flight in comparison of 24h. The autonomic changes relating correlate with aerobic capacity and body fat differently in pilots of supersonic jets and passenger commercial aircraft undergoing flight. The relative strength was not correlated with HRV parameters in any of the populations studied. / A avia????o ?? o meio de transporte mais eficaz que existe na atualidade, atendendo a bilh??es de pessoas a cada ano. Contudo, os fatores estressantes presentes nos deslocamentos a??reos fazem que altera????es auton??micas e cardiovasculares ocorram, exigindo do organismo uma capacidade de lidar com estes fatores. Por isto estrat??gias preventivas e/ou minimizadoras desses efeitos precisam ser entendidas. O estudo buscou verificar as respostas auton??micas e cardiovasculares que ocorrem em voo e sua rela????o com a aptid??o f??sica. A pesquisa deu-se por meio de dois estudos, em que homens saud??veis tiveram os componentes da aptid??o f??sica (capacidade aer??bia, for??a muscular e gordura corporal) previamente avaliadas; e o registro da variabilidade da frequ??ncia card??aca (VFC) realizado em um dia controle e em um dia de voo. No primeiro estudo 11 pilotos de ca??a registraram 3h de VFC e tiveram o n??vel de desidrata????o mensurado durante um voo de teste avaliado pela mudan??a do hemat??crito. O voo durou 1h e todos realizaram os mesmos procedimentos operacionais. No segundo estudo, 22 passageiros da avia????o comercial registraram 24h de VFC e simultaneamente ?? press??o arterial. Os resultados do estudo 1 demonstra que o voo induziu uma redu????o na maioria dos par??metros da VFC durante o voo quando comparado com o dia controle, n??o havendo antecipa????o auton??mica. A entropia amostral da FC correlacionou-se com a capacidade aer??bia e a gordura corporal. A desidrata????o gerada pelo voo alterou a VFC. O estudo 2 demonstrou que o voo comercial induziu a uma redu????o na maioria dos par??metros da VFC durante o voo, e em alguns par??metros nas 24h quando comparado com o dia controle. Houve antecipa????o auton??mica uma hora antes do voo. A press??o arterial e duplo produto foram significativamente maiores no dia do voo, tendo os maiores incrementos duas horas antes do voo e mantendo-se elevados por at?? duas horas ap??s. Quanto menor o percentual de gordura e IMC, maior a VFC durante o dia do voo. Quanto mais elevada a capacidade aer??bia, maior a VFC durante o voo. Conclus??es: o voo, em ambas as situa????es e popula????es, exigiu do organismo respostas auton??micas gerando significativa retirada vagal, com incremento da frequ??ncia card??aca. A gordura corporal e a capacidade aer??bia, indicadores da aptid??o f??sica, correlacionaram-se com a VFC, contudo de forma diferente nas duas popula????es e situa????es. A desidrata????o gerada pelo voo militar influenciou na VFC. A press??o arterial (PAS; PAD; PAM) sofre interfer??ncia em virtude do voo na compara????o das 24h. As altera????es auton??micas se correlacionam com a capacidade aer??bia e gordura corporal de forma diferenciada em pilotos militares e passageiros da avia????o comercial submetidos ao voo. A for??a relativa n??o apresentou correla????o com os par??metros da VFC em nenhuma das popula????es estudadas.