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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Woven-non- woven (tnt ) aiming for curls bagging Fruit of tomato borers control (Solanum lycopersicum L.) / Tecido-nÃo-tecido (TNT) para ensacamento de cachos visando controle de broqueadores de frutos do tomateiro (Solanum lycopersicum L.)

Rosenya Michely Cintra Filgueiras 15 February 2016 (has links)
The tomato plants are attacked by pest insects throughout its cycle, among which the arthropods fruit borers stand out. The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the efficiency of nonwoven (âTNT‟) using in bagging flowers and/or fruits of 'Valerin' tomato as a mechanical control to fruit borers and evaluating thus the agronomic indicators of crop, post-harvest fruit quality, cost/benefit as well as the best period to perform bagging. The experiment was conducted in a commercial planting of staked tomato plants, located in the municipality of Ubajara, CearÃ, Brazil, in randomized blocks in factorial 2 x 4 with five repetitions. The following factors were considered: two ways of using insecticides to control borers [1-plants treated with insecticides; 2-Plants not treated with insecticides] and the four periods of bagging the bunches with nonwoven [T1-Flower bagging; T2-Bagging the bunches with fruits of 1.5 cm in diameter; T3 Bagging the bunches with fruits of 3.0 cm in diameter); and Bunches not bagged (control)]. The parameters evaluated were: number of fruits/bunch, number of bunches/plant, fruit weight (Kg), longitudinal diameter (cm), transverse diameter (cm), incidence of borers insects (%), productivity (Kg/ha), loss caused by the attack of pests (Kg/ha), real gain obtained (Kg/ha), cost benefit of implementation, titratable acidity, total soluble solids, fuit color (brightness, chromaticity, hue angle), fruit firmness, total carotenoids, lycopene and Ã-carotene. Postharvest analysis were performed in the Laboratory of Postharvest of Embrapa AgroindÃstria Tropical. The use of nonwoven in the bagging of 'Valerin' clusters/tomato fruits did not affected the productive performance neither the quality postharvest of the ruits. The average cost for bagging the fruits with nonwoven ags was about 40.7% lower than that required for chemical control. It was not observed the presence of Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), Helicoverpa zea and Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) during evaluations, however the bagging of 'Valerin' tomato clusters with nonwoven when the fruits was 1.5 cm in diameter was effective to control Neoleucinodes elegantalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), promoted increase of 21.5% in the final productivity if compared to those not bagged and did not compromise the post-harvest quality of the fruits and thus it is considered the best period to perform bagging. / O tomateiro à atacado por insetos-praga durante todo seu ciclo e, dentre os quais, destacam-se os artrÃpodes-broqueadores de frutos. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a eficiÃncia do uso de TNT para o ensacamento de flores e/ou frutos de tomate âValerinâ como controle mecÃnico dos broqueadores de frutos avaliando os indicadores agronÃmicos da cultura, a qualidade pÃs-colheita dos frutos, a relaÃÃo custo/benefÃcio, bem como, o melhor perÃodo para realizaÃÃo do ensacamento. O ensaio foi conduzido em plantio comercial de tomateiro estaqueado, localizado no municÃpio de Ubajara, CearÃ, Brasil em delineamento experimental de blocos casualizados em esquema fatorial 2 x 4 com cinco repetiÃÃes. Os fatores considerados foram duas formas de utilizaÃÃo de inseticidas para controle de broqueadores [1- Plantas tratadas com inseticidas; e 2- Plantas nÃo tratadas com inseticidas] e quatro perÃodos de ensacamento dos cachos com TNT [T1- Ensacamento da flor; T2- Ensacamento do cacho com frutos de 1,5 cm; T3- Ensacamento do cacho com frutos de 3,0 cm; e Cachos nÃo ensacados (testemunha)]. Os parÃmetros avaliados foram: NÃmero de frutos/cacho, nÃmero de cachos/planta, peso dos frutos (Kg), diÃmetro longitudinal (cm), diÃmetro transversal (cm), incidÃncia de insetos broqueadores (%), produtividade (ton/ha), perda provocada pelo ataque das pragas (ton/ha), ganho real obtido (ton/ha), custo/benefÃcio de implantaÃÃo, acidez titulÃvel, sÃlidos solÃveis totais, coloraÃÃo dos frutos (Luminosidade, cromaticidade, Ãngulo hue), firmeza dos frutos, carotenoides totais, licopeno e Ã-caroteno. As anÃlises pÃs-colheita foram realizadas no LaboratÃrio de PÃs-Colheita da Embrapa AgroindÃstria Tropical. O uso de TNT no ensacamento dos cachos/frutos de tomate âValerinâ nÃo interferiu no desempenho produtivo e na qualidade pÃs-colheita dos frutos. O custo mÃdio para o ensacamento dos frutos com sacos TNT foi cerca de 40,7% inferior ao necessÃrio para o controle quÃmico. NÃo foi observada a presenÃa de Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), Helicoverpa zea e Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) durante as avaliaÃÃes, no entanto, o ensacamento dos cachos de tomate âValerinâ com TNT quando os frutos apresentavam 1,5 cm de diÃmetro foi mais eficaz para o controle de Neoleucinodes elegantalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), promoveu incremento de 21,5% na produtividade final em relaÃÃo Ãqueles nÃo ensacados e nÃo comprometeu a qualidade pÃs-colheita dos frutos, sendo, portanto, considerado o melhor perÃodo para a realizaÃÃo do ensacamento.

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