No description available.

No description available.

Jealousy and sex differences in response to hypothetical relationships developed via the Internet by participants' romantic partners were examined. Participants were 119 undergraduate students from a private Western university who participated on-campus, and 877 off-campus individuals who participated via computer. Participants responded to a questionnaire that described one's romantic partner engaging in an on-line relationship. The nature of the relationship, emotional or sexual, possibility of a partner meeting the rival, possible and impossible, and divestment of the partner's resources, low or high, were all varied. Conditions describing a rival with whom a meeting was possible, sexual on-line infidelity, and high divestment of resources elicited greater jealousy. Women reported greater jealousy than men when a partner's meeting with the rival was impossible. Results are discussed in terms of the evolutionary perspective of sex differences.

No description available.

The prevalence and distress caused by interpersonal conflict has been a disturbing aspect I of life since the beginning of time to the present. This study related participants' implemented style of conflict resolution to one of three hypothetical conflict situations, and to their scores on two subscales of a five-factor model of personality. The two subscales used for the present study were Extroversion and Agreeableness. The conflict situations differed only in respect to the status of the person with whom the participant was involved in a conflict (i.e., equal, subordinate, and authoritative status). Contrary to the hypotheses, the present study did not find that the interaction between the participants' score on the personality subscales and the conflict situations accounted for the variance in the level of conflict resolution styles used. More specifically, the study found that the personality subscales factors had significant main effects on the conflict resolution styles used by the participants. One of the significant main effects was that participants who scored low (below the median) on the Extroversion subscale were more inclined to use the nonconfrontational style of conflict resolution. Another significant main effect was that the participants who scored low (below the median) on the Agreeableness subscale were more likely to use the control style of conflict resolution. The third main effect that was found significant was for the participants who scored high (above the median) on the Agreeableness subscale. The high Agreeable participants were more inclined to use the solution orientation style of conflict resolution. In addition, the main effect of conflict situation was not found to be significant. Contrary to the process oriented Lewinian approach, the person by situation interaction model was not supported by the present study.

The ever-increasing use of computers and the Internet has generated a wide variety of available user interfaces for navigating software applications. Icons interfaces may be animated or static and incorporate graphics and/or text. This study examined participants' experience, defined as time spent on computers and self-reported computer skill, versus time spent watching television and/or film and time spent reading for predicting participants' icon preference. All participants liked graphic icons more than text icons, and that those with lower levels of time using computers and self-reported computer knowledge preferred all icons more than those with higher levels of time and knowledge. Neither experience based on time on computers nor self-reported skill was found to be a significant predictor of icon preference. Time spent watching television and/or film and time spent reading were not found to be significant predictors of icon preference.

Two drug use models (Risk Factor Model and Social Stress Model) were examined for their predictive value in the identification of risk factors for drug use among lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) youth populations. A convenience sample of 293 LGBT youth were surveyed in conjunction with a series of social events sponsored by Project Y.E.S. (Youth Empowerment Strategies), a Los Angeles based program designed to prevent substance abuse, and its related issues, for LGBT youth. Four independent variables were identified: homelessness, stress from family, stress from within the gay and lesbian community and ethnic identity. The variables were tested for predictive value relating to drug use. Results indicated that homelessness and ethnic identity were valid predictors of drug use for LGBT youth. Results are discussed in terms of practical application for prevention and early intervention, as well as implications for future research.

This study investigates students' attitudes toward the working roles of today's mothers. Ninety-two undergraduate females enrolled in an introductory psychology class read one of six scenarios about a married mother. The mother's household income was described as being either $20,000 or $100,000; and she worked either part-time, full time, or not at all. Subjects rated the mother and her child on a total of 25 descriptive adjectives. Additionally, subjects were asked about their mother's work history and were consequently put into two groups, based on how much time their mother spent working when they were young. The results of this 2 x 3 x 2 design indicated that homemakers and their children were viewed more positively than working mothers and their children. In addition, wealthy mothers were considered more stable, secure, and relaxed than poor mothers. The data support the existence of a traditional stereotype that the best mothers are homemakers.

No description available.

This study examined the level to which an individual's identification with his or her culture related to that individual's self-esteem level. The main hypothesis stated that individuals who showed strong levels of cultural identification would also show high levels of self-esteem as well, provided that they also supported interactions with the majority culture. It was also hypothesized that the overall sample would endorse integration more than assimilation or separation in terms of its attitude toward acculturation. Participants completed various questionnaires which assessed their cultural identification, acculturation attitudes, and self-esteem levels. Results did not show an interaction between individuals' cultural identity and their endorsement of integration as related to self-esteem level. However, participants did endorse integration significantly more than assimilation or separation overall. Observed ethnic differences included higher levels of self-esteem and cultural identity for Hispanics when compared to Caucasians and Asians. Results indicate that ethnicity does play a role in cultural identity and self-esteem, and that minorities in general are able to maintain high self-esteem levels even in the face of racism in our society.