[pt] Os Ensaios Não-Destrutivos são técnicas utilizadas na inspeção de materiais e equipamentos sem dano a integridade física, podendo ser executados nas etapas de pós-fabricação, montagem, operação e manutenção. São utilizados pela indústria como ferramenta de controle e garantia da qualidade de materiais, produtos e processos. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo identificar trincas e estimar o seu comprimento em corpos de prova de aço DIN 42CrMo4, adotando diferentes técnicas de END. Os corpos de prova foram de um eixo virabrequim de um motor Diesel, utilizado como unidades geradora em usinas termoelétricas, que falhou por fadiga de baixo ciclo. Os corpos de prova foram projetados de acordo com as normas ASTM E1820, ASTM E1290 e ISO 15653, bem como adotando sugestões de inspetores de ultrassom quanto a uma geometria que otimizasse a eficiência das medições. Subsequente ao trincamento dos corpos de prova em fadiga, os mesmos foram inspecionados com o emprego das técnicas de Radiografia Digital (RD), Ultrassom Phased Array (UT-PA), métodos Pulso-Eco (PE) e Time os Flight Diffraction (TfOD), e Tomografia Computadorizada (TC). Em sequência, os corpos de prova foram fraturados com o uso de uma carga em flexão e nitrogênio liquido, o que permitiu a medição real dos comprimentos das trincas. As técnicas de UTPA, RD e TC indicaram tamanhos de trincas próximos entre si. Nos métodos de PE e ToFD, de UT-PA, se observou que a indicação das trincas sofre influência da distancia entre o cabeçote do equipamento e a posição da trinca. Em trincas menores, essa influência é mais acentuada, levando a uma medição errônea do comprimento da trinca. A técnica de RD apresentou um bom resultado da medida lateral da trinca, porem foi necessário um processamento digital da imagem para obtenção de melhores resultados, explicado devido a sensibilidade do ensaio à geometria do corpo de prova e da densidade do material utilizado. Já a TC apresentou imagens melhores e medidas de trinca similares se comparada com a RD, o que pode influenciar em outros tipos/dimensões de defeitos. Em compensação, sofre mais influencia do volume de material presente no entorno do defeito, o que impossibilitou a detecção de defeitos em algumas amostras. / [en] Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) are techniques applied to materials and equipment inspection without integrity degradation and can be performed in the post-manufacture, assembly, operation and maintenance stages. Those techniques are used by the industry to control a guarantee the quality of materials, products and processes. The aim of this research was to identify cracks and estimate their length on DIN 42CrMo4 steel specimens adopting different NDT techniques. The material to the test specimen was taken from a crankshaft of a Diesel engine, utilized as generating units in thermoelectric power plant, which has failed due to low cycle fatigue. The test specimen were designed according to ASTM E1820, ASTM E1290 and ISO 15653 standards, as well as suggestions made by NDT inspectors for a geometry that optimized the efficiency of the measurement. Subsequent to the fatigue induced crack on the specimens, they were inspected using, Digital Radiography (RD), Phased Array Ultrasound (UT-PA), Pulse-Echo (PE) and Time of Flight Diffraction (ToFD) methods, and Digital Tomography (TC). The specimens were then fractured with a bending load and liquid nitrogen, which allowed the measurement of the real crack length. UT-PA, PE and ToFD, and RD techniques showed a closer estimate crack size among then. It was observed that both UT-PA methods, PE and ToFD, presented an influence of the distance between the equipment head and the crack position, on the crack measurement. This was more pronounced in smaller cracks, leading to an erroneous measurement of the crack length. The RD technique presented a good a good result of lateral crack length, but a good digital image processing was necessary to obtain these results, explained by the sensitivity of the test to the geometry to the geometry of the specimen and to the material density. TC presented better imaging and similar lateral crack lengths when compared to RD, which could influence the detection of other types/dimensions of defects. In contrast, it is more influenced by the volume of material around the object, which made it impossible to detect defects in some samples.

The master thesis deals with the design of a single-cylinder diesel piston internal combustion test engine by modifying the initial mass-produced three-cylinder engine. The first part of the thesis is devoted to the introduction to the problems of diesel and experimental single cylinder engines. Subsequent chapters focus on the adaptation of the baseline engine itself, including balancing of inertial forces. Furthermore, the crankshaft operability is checked, including the determination of safety against high-cycle fatigue. The last chapter deals with the design of the connection of the adapted unit to the dynamometer.

The aim of this thesis is to design crankshaft for in-line six-cylinder diesel engine and to design viscous torsional vibration damper for the cranktrain of specified parameters. The thesis includes the creation of a dynamic torsional model of cranktrain and calculation of forced vibrations of mechanism with and without damper. Part of this thesis is also strength analysis of the designed crankshaft with damper using the Finite Element Method (FEM).

The aim of this diploma thesis is the design of the configuration and the method of balancing the crank mechanism with the specified parameters. For a particular configuration, a crankshaft drawing is processed and a strength analysis, considering the crankshaft torsional vibrations is performed in Ansys FEM software. At the end of the thesis, an ideological design of the torsional vibration damper and its effect on the crankshaft stress in the Ansys FEM software is performed.

The diploma thesis focuses on the design of the crankshaft for a four-cylinder diesel engine for commercial vehicles, the main task of this work are the design configuration of the crankshaft balance inertia forces and torques at the crank mechanism, drawing documentation crankshaft design strength check considering torsional vibration.

The diploma thesis ‚Rubber Torsional Vibration Damper Of a Four-Cylinder Diesel Engine‘ covers all the development phases related to a design of a rubber damper for a specified engine. The individual phases of it are discussed in details throughout the thesis. At first, the construction plan of a crankshaft is given. The computational checks for torsional vibrations and forced torsional vibration are performed then. With regards to it there might be derived the basic parameters and dimensions of a rubber torsional vibration damper. The knowledge of them enables to prepare the constructional plan of a rubber torsional vibration damper. By using this damper construction plan the torsional displacements (deviations) and forced vibrations are calculated. Finally, a mechanical and thermal stress test of this damper is performed and a crankshaft production drawing is produced.

The aim of this diploma is to design a crankshaft for a six-cylinder commercial vehicle, which is one of the unified motors. The main parts are the design of the crankshaft configuration, the crankshaft balancing method for forces and moments, the crankshaft design documentation, and the crankshaft strength verification. The design of torsional vibration damping characteristics is also made and its effect on torsional vibration and crankshaft strength is determined.

This master‘s thesis is focused on the design of manipulator for crankshaft handling in flexible production lines. The first part describes the types of production lines and possible ways of inter-operative manipulation. With regard to the suitability of their use, a suitable variant is selected, which is then conceptually processed and verified by technical calculations. The final conclusion is the verification of the design in terms of safety. Part of the master‘s thesis is technical drawing documentation.

This thesis describes the design of a four-stroke engine with two cylinders, using as a range extender. The first chapter briefly introduces the company Škoda Auto a.s., for which the range extender was designed. Also, there is a list of the available electric and hybrid vehicles manufactured by this company. The next chapter deals with the division of hybrid vehicles, as an intermediate step for the use of electric vehicles, the reason for their use and the definition of advantages and disadvantages of hybrid vehicles. Also, the range extender technology is described here. The third chapter contains a description of the conceptual design of the range extender and describes the design and balancing of the crankshaft in more detail. The last chapter describes the calculation of the crankshaft dynamics and the individual parts load. The resulting crankshaft safety is determined by comparing the calculated values with a series-produced 1.0 MPI evo engine, which is the base of the described range extender.

This thesis "Silicone damper of a six-cylinder in-line diesel engine " is focused on the proposal of alternative using of silicone damper for the a six-cylinder in-line diesel engine, which is made for tractors and other industrial aplications. The aim of this thesis is to count the oscilation of crankshaft by the help of appropriate dynamic model, then to propose such a basic parameters of silicone damper, which absorbes torsion blip crankshaft to acceptable value. The next part of my thesis is proposal of the constructive implementation of fixation the silicone damper on the free part of crankshaft. The last part of my thesis is comparing and evaluating the oscilation of crankshaft without a dumper and with a new propsal of the silicone damper.