• Refine Query
  • Source
  • Publication year
  • to
  • Language
  • 1
  • Tagged with
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Cren?a de grupo : uma introdu??o ? epistemologia coletiva

Ruivo, Jos? Leonardo Annunziato 24 April 2017 (has links)
Submitted by PPG Filosofia (filosofia-pg@pucrs.br) on 2018-02-14T19:56:55Z No. of bitstreams: 1 leonardo_ruivo_tese.pdf: 1110854 bytes, checksum: d2b20eb4224a432ba034408d4b8b4ef8 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Caroline Xavier (caroline.xavier@pucrs.br) on 2018-02-16T11:39:56Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 leonardo_ruivo_tese.pdf: 1110854 bytes, checksum: d2b20eb4224a432ba034408d4b8b4ef8 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-02-16T11:41:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 leonardo_ruivo_tese.pdf: 1110854 bytes, checksum: d2b20eb4224a432ba034408d4b8b4ef8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-04-24 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / Since the late 1980?s, we can notice a growing interest on the part of analytic philosofers in questions concerning the nature of the social world. This trend influenced some philosophers to start a systematic discussion about the relationship between typically epistemic concepts (such as belief, justification, and knowledge) and their relationship with the social world. The present essay belongs to this trend in the branch known as collective epistemology (in accordance with Margaret Gilbert?s 2004 terminology), that studies the semantics, ontology, psychology, and epistemology of collective entities. Our central problem is built around the following question: to say that a group G believes that P is the same as saying that most of the individuals, members of G, believe that P? In the first chapter, we will present an introduction of the main questions in the field. In the second chapter it will be argued that those who answer positively to the central problem assume some form of individualism because the collective entity ?group? cannot occupy the place of subject in ascriptions of belief. This subject individualism is a combination of two arguments: group anti-psychologism and group anti-mentalism. The third chapter is composed by three different sections. In the first section, we will present Margaret Gilbert?s model of anti-subject individualism. The second section concerns the debate between Gilbert?s model and a model of acceptance, as we call it. In the third part we will show how Christian List and Philip Pettit?s model (2011) fill some important gaps left by Gilbert?s model. As a conclusion, we arrive at a negative answer to our central question, that is, we affirm that a group G believes that P even if most of individuals, members of G, don?t believe that P. / A partir do final dos anos 80 podemos observar um interesse crescente, dentro da filosofia anal?tica, por quest?es concernentes ? natureza do mundo social. Influenciados por essa tend?ncia, alguns fil?sofos passaram a discutir de forma sistem?tica a rela??o entre conceitos tipicamente epist?micos (como cren?a, justifica??o e conhecimento) e o mundo social. O presente trabalho se insere nessa tend?ncia a partir do campo da epistemologia coletiva ? para utilizar o r?tulo cunhado por Margaret Gilbert (2014) ? que estuda a sem?ntica, ontologia, psicologia e epistemologia de entidades coletivas. O problema central de nosso trabalho armase em torno da pergunta: dizer que um grupo G cr? que P equivale a dizer, da maioria dos indiv?duos, membros de G, creem que P? Para formularmos o problema, apresentaremos, no primeiro cap?tulo, uma introdu??o ?s principais quest?es da ?rea. No segundo cap?tulo mostraremos que aqueles que respondem positivamente ao nosso problema central defendem uma forma de individualismo. Individualistas nesse ?mbito entendem que a entidade coletiva grupos n?o pode ocupar o lugar leg?timo de sujeito nas senten?as de atribui??o de cren?as. Veremos nesse cap?tulo que o individualismo de sujeitos ? uma composi??o de dois argumentos, o anti-psicologismo de grupos e o anti-mentalismo de grupos, e exporemos raz?es para concentrar nosso trabalho no anti-mentalismo de grupos. O terceiro cap?tulo ? dividido em tr?s partes. Na primeira, exploraremos o modelo de Margaret Gilbert a fim de enfrentar o individualismo de sujeitos. Na segunda, exploraremos um modelo que compete com o modelo de Gilbert ? os modelos de aceita??o, como iremos denominar. Na terceira parte trataremos do modelo de Christian List e Philip Pettit (2011), que preenche uma s?rie de lacunas do modelo de Gilbert para a atribui??o de cren?as a grupos de maneira antiindividualista. Concluiremos respondendo negativamente ? pergunta de pesquisa, ou seja, afirmando que ? poss?vel dizer que um grupo G cr? que P ainda que a maioria dos indiv?duos, membros de G, n?o creia que P.

Page generated in 0.0714 seconds