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Inter-agency Coordination| The Key to Successfully Transition Juvenile Offenders Back into the Educational MainstreamGordon, Robyn Beth 24 April 2013 (has links)
<p> The focus of this study was to determine the characteristics of successful re-entry programs for youth as they transition back into the educational mainstream. The study was also used to determine the implementation needed for effective inter-agency coordination of social service systems for students to successfully transition into the educational setting. The NCLB accountability measures were reviewed to discover how the measures influenced educators and created a reluctance to accept delinquent youth when they re-enter public school. The three overarching questions addressed in this study were: What inter-agency involvement is necessary in implementing a successful re-entry program? What are the characteristics of successful school re-entry programs for juvenile delinquents as they transition back into the public school setting? Due to the pressures of NCLB accountability measures, what are the reasons educators are reluctant to accept delinquent youth back into the educational mainstream? This study yielded findings showing few schools had few schools had a transition plan in place. Transition data results revealed the process for schools and juvenile officers differ from that of Division of Youth Services (DYS), with DYS having more proactive transition planning protocols. Inter-agency involvement is necessary for successful re-entry plans and involves transition planning, positive parental involvement, increased inter-agency coordination, and positive relationships. This research study also revealed that successful re-entry programs involve consistent communication, progress monitoring, provide protective factors, parent involvement, meet individual needs of students, and provide positive connections. Schools and various agencies must strive to improve inter-agency coordination and collaboration practices.</p>
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Technology Innovation| A Study of Wireless, Visual Information Communication Technology on Situational Awareness for Tactical Police CommandersHartle, Frank X., III 06 June 2015 (has links)
<p> Technology innovations in visual, wireless communications have yet to be leveraged by law enforcement. These technologies have a future in law enforcement. This limited study has provided evidence that the addition of visual, wireless communication for tactical police commanders enhances situational awareness and speeds decision making. In addition, this study has established that the technology would be accepted for use by police tactical officers once utility is demonstrated. Several issues remain that may delay its widespread adoption. These include unfamiliarity, a police centric design that is rugged, reliable and without impaired vision, and liability and cost. In addition, there is not a current wireless, broadband backbone that could transmit the signals over a large distance. Once these limitations have been overcome this technology has the potential to revolutionize policing and tactical law enforcement. </p>
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"I've needed a friend my whole life". Voices offormer gang members: An ethnodramaRoberts, Christine Elizabeth January 2002 (has links)
This thesis set about to achieve three goals. First it discusses street gang research, assessment of the gang problem, and in particular the forces that push and pull American youths into the street gang lifestyle and the gang member experience. Second, it explores how alternative forms of data presentation, such as ethnodrama, blur the boundary lines between art and scientific research and demonstrates that the embodiment of human experience through artistic means enhances our understanding of the gang problem and creates context. Third, it includes an ethnodrama text constructed from qualitative interviews of three former gang members, in support of narrative inquiry research methods, and illustrating how three young men were drawn into the gang lifestyle, what they experienced by being in a gang, and the factors that helped them to leave the gang and lead them to make positive changes in their lives.
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Staff organizational commitment as a predictor of staff perceptions of working alliances with delinquent youthMoore, Eugene R. January 2003 (has links)
The relationship between staff organizational commitment and staff perception of working alliances with youth in juvenile justice settings was investigated. Staff of the North American Family Institute (NAFI) were the subjects of this investigation. Meyer and Allen's (1991) model of organizational commitment with dimensions of affective, normative and continuance commitments was used to investigate staff organizational commitment as an independent variable impacting perceptions of working alliances between staff and youth in juvenile institutions. Horvath and Greenberg's (1994) Working Alliance Inventory (WAI) was used to measure staff perceptions of working alliance. A significant positive correlation was found between normative commitment and perceptions of working alliance using Pearson correlation statistics. Affective commitment and continuance commitment did not correlate significantly with staff perceptions of working alliance. Regression of normative, affective, and continuance commitment with the dependent variable of working alliance showed only normative commitment as significantly impacting working alliance. Age, gender and ethnicity were not found to be significantly correlated with staff perceptions of working alliances.
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Examining technology usability and acceptance in digital government: A case study in law enforcementLin, Chienting January 2004 (has links)
Increasingly, government agencies are facing the challenge of effective implementation of information technologies that are critical to their digital government programs and initiatives. This dissertation reports two user-centric evaluation studies of COPLINK, a criminal knowledge management system that supports and enhances law enforcement officers' crime-fighting activities. Specifically, these aforementioned evaluations concentrated on system usability and user acceptance in a law enforcement setting. The chapters of this dissertation describe the study design, highlight the analysis results, and discuss their implications for digital government research and practices. Overall, the models used in this study showed a reasonably good fit with officers' usability and acceptance assessments and exhibited satisfactory explanatory power. The analysis also showed that individuals included in the current study exhibited important characteristics common to individual professionals. Compared to end-users and knowledge workers in business settings, law enforcement officers appear to be pragmatic in their technology acceptance assessments, concentrating more on the usefulness of a technology than on its ease of use. Participating officers also attached limited weight to the suggestions or opinions of significant referents. Findings from this study should provide valuable insights to digital government systems evaluation and, at the same time, shed light on how government agencies can design management interventions to foster technology acceptance and use.
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Improving fraud risk assessments through analytical proceduresJones, Keith Lamar January 2004 (has links)
This study incorporates concepts from accounting and criminology literatures to develop a model of financial statement variables that provides researchers and auditors with information about the likelihood of fraudulent financial reporting. This study is also one of the first to test whether the predictive ability of fraud indicators has changed over time. Game theory suggests that if fraud firms consistently manifest similar characteristics then auditors will isolate those fraud indicators and react to them. The results show that accruals, market-to-book ratio, and lack of a Big Four auditor are the most influential fraud risk indicators. Fraud firms generally have higher abnormal market returns in the year of the fraud and larger market-to-book ratios compared to nonfraud firms. This finding suggests that managers who commit fraud generally attempt to preempt bad earnings news rather than react to bad news in the form of low company stock price. The results do not suggest a fundamental shift in fraud risk indicators. However, while the lack of a Big Four auditor was not significant in the 1970's and 1980's, it was significant in the 1990's. Fraud firms in the 1970's and 1980's appear to have more debt relative to the industry but are not more profitable. Frauds in the 1990's appear to be more profitable relative to the industry but do not have more debt. This finding may be due to more stock options and other performance-based incentives in the 1990's and a greater emphasis on beating analysts' expectations.
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Crime and the administration of criminal justice in Buenos Aires, Argentina, 1785-1853Barreneche, Osvaldo, 1958- January 1997 (has links)
This dissertation analyzes the emergence of the criminal justice system in modern Argentina, focusing on the city of Buenos Aires as case study. It concentrates on what I call the formative period of the postcolonial penal system, from the installation of the second Audiencia (superior justice tribunal in the viceroyalty of Rio de la Plata) in 1785 to the promulgation of the Argentine national constitution in 1853, when a new phase of inter-regional organization and codification began. During this transitional period, basic features of the modern Argentine criminal justice system emerged which I study in detail. They are: (a) institutional subordination of the judiciary; (b) police interference and disruption in the judiciary-civil society interface; (c) manipulation of the initial stages of the judicial process (sumario) by senior police officers (comisarios); and (d) utilization of institutionally malleable penal-legal procedures as a punitive system, regardless of the outcome of criminal cases judicially evaluated.
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Aggression and fire: The structure of antisocial behavior in firesetting and non-firesetting juvenile offendersStickle, Timothy R. January 2000 (has links)
This study examines the structure of antisocial behavior in 219 juvenile offenders. The study shows, through a series of nested model comparisons via confirmatory factor analysis, that reliable data on firesetting juvenile offenders (n = 85) best fits a three-factor model composed of overt, covert, and oppositional antisocial behavior. The same three-factor model also best fits the data for comparable non-firesetting juvenile offenders (n = 134). It is argued that results from this study support a conceptualization of firesetting as likely part of a pattern of developmentally advanced, persistent, antisocial behavior. Though the same general structure of antisocial behavior best fit the data for both groups, the firesetting group exhibited a significantly higher frequency and variety of antisocial acts. Finally, the present study illustrates and discusses the implications of large methods effects due to source of information (i.e., parent and child ratings) in typical measurement approaches to youthful antisocial behavior.
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Testing the boundaries: Dating violence and the General Theory of CrimeChapple, Constance Lee January 1999 (has links)
This dissertation, "Testing the Boundaries: Intimate Violence and the General Theory of Crime" is a test of the General Theory of Crime regarding intimate violence. The investigation is three pronged. I test the applicability of the General Theory to explain the causal structure of intimate violence, intimate offending risks and risks of intimate victimization. Additionally, the meaning for both learning theory and control theory in criminology concerning the link between witnessing parental violence and later delinquent acts is discussed. This current work fills two gaps in the field of contemporary criminology. First, few studies of intimate violence have been undertaken from a criminological, control perspective. Second, this investigation attempts to extend the General Theory to predict victimization risks. The results of the analyses clearly support the applicability of applying the General Theory of Crime to explain dating violence and general crime.
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The ontogenesis of the delinquent personality: A preliminary test of a comprehensive theoryWiebe, Richard Porter, 1956- January 1998 (has links)
A comprehensive theory of the ontogenesis of the delinquent personality is presented and supported by self-report data from a sample of American adolescents. The theory postulates that socialization requires the development of two complementary faculties: the ability to engage in prosocial behavior in the face of adversity (diligence) and the ability to avoid antisocial behavior despite temptation (self-control). Innate traits are thought to interact with particular experiences to create the mature personality. During development, a lack of diligence can inhibit the development of self-control, and can facilitate the development of a characteristic set of attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors associated with delinquency, including the willingness to deceive and manipulate others, a callous disregard for their feelings, attitudes and beliefs justifying a lack of diligence and a continuation of antisocial behaviors, and short-term mating activity. The characteristic personality of the delinquent, then, is both low in diligence and high in antisociality. This contrasts with the conceptions of control theory, which subsumes diligence within the construct of self-control. The delinquent personality itself facilitates an adaptive strategy, or approach to life, that involves short-term mating and deception. Two kinds of deception related to delinquency are distinguished: overt deception and deception based on unpredictability. A cross-sectional version of this model was tested with data from 1139 adolescents from a medium-sized city in the Southeastern United States, and found to explain 58% of the variance in self-reported delinquency. Within a confirmatory structural equation model, the constructs thought to comprise factors relating to prosociality, antisociality, and social bonds loaded as expected. Each of these constructs significantly correlated with delinquency on their own. A longitudinal study will be necessary to test the full model, and a behavior genetics design will be necessary to determine the extent to which the constructs deemed important to this theory may be subject to environmental influences.
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