Esta dissertação tem por objetivo tratar de aspectos da abordagem crítica elaborada nos últimos anos por Robert Kurz. A análise procura (1) mostrar como Kurz recupera, reformula e expande a crítica marxiana do valor e do fetichismo, (2) perscrutar, nessa apropriação e releitura que o autor leva a cabo, a mediação da teoria crítica e (3) apontar os resultados a que chega Kurz no que diz respeito aos temas aqui discutidos. A dissertação enfoca a construção teórica de Kurz no que tange à crítica ao marxismo tradicional, à crítica do sujeito e à ressignificação do conceito de fetichismo. Considera-se que o enfoque desses aspectos permite divisar como a elaboração de Kurz realiza uma crítica da modernidade que se dirige aos seus fundamentos. / The aim of this Masters thesis is to deal with some aspects of the critical approach which has been elaborated by Robert Kurz in the last few years. The analysis intends (1) to show how Kurz recovers, reformulates and expands the marxian critique of value and fetishism, (2) to examine, in this appropriation and rereading accomplished by the author, the mediation of the Critical Theory and (3) to point out the results achieved by Kurz concerning the themes that are discussed here. The thesis focuses on Kurzs theoretical construction encompassing the following topics: critique of traditional Marxism, critique of the subject and resignification of the concept of fetishism. The focus on these topics allows to realize how Kurzs elaboration fulfills a critique of the Modernity itself which addresses to its grounds.

Esta dissertação tem por objetivo tratar de aspectos da abordagem crítica elaborada nos últimos anos por Robert Kurz. A análise procura (1) mostrar como Kurz recupera, reformula e expande a crítica marxiana do valor e do fetichismo, (2) perscrutar, nessa apropriação e releitura que o autor leva a cabo, a mediação da teoria crítica e (3) apontar os resultados a que chega Kurz no que diz respeito aos temas aqui discutidos. A dissertação enfoca a construção teórica de Kurz no que tange à crítica ao marxismo tradicional, à crítica do sujeito e à ressignificação do conceito de fetichismo. Considera-se que o enfoque desses aspectos permite divisar como a elaboração de Kurz realiza uma crítica da modernidade que se dirige aos seus fundamentos. / The aim of this Masters thesis is to deal with some aspects of the critical approach which has been elaborated by Robert Kurz in the last few years. The analysis intends (1) to show how Kurz recovers, reformulates and expands the marxian critique of value and fetishism, (2) to examine, in this appropriation and rereading accomplished by the author, the mediation of the Critical Theory and (3) to point out the results achieved by Kurz concerning the themes that are discussed here. The thesis focuses on Kurzs theoretical construction encompassing the following topics: critique of traditional Marxism, critique of the subject and resignification of the concept of fetishism. The focus on these topics allows to realize how Kurzs elaboration fulfills a critique of the Modernity itself which addresses to its grounds.

This Master's thesis deals with a critique of popular music by the British conservative philosopher Roger Scruton. It is based on a premise that this critique is not purely aesthetic, as it is deeply rooted in Scruton's conception of art, culture, and man. The first part of the thesis, therefore, deals with this broader context, and its outcome is an explanation of the reasons why Scruton rejects popular music as an integral part of popular culture. The second part of the thesis focuses on Scruton's philosophy of music, in other words, on questions of musical aesthetics: what the ontological status of music is, what the nature of its meaning is, what its value is, and what its 'ethical power' is. The third part is devoted to the critique of popular music itself: first, the concept of popular music is clarified, and then the outputs of the two previous chapters are linked to fully grasp Scruton's condemnation of popular music. In the end, the thesis points to problematic aspects of Scruton's theory: it questions the adequacy of applying the model of evaluating classical music to the case of popular music.

(English): In the face of the scandal arising from the persistence of numerous systems of oppression in our time, which ravage and enslave both human beings and other species, often in a cumulative manner: capitalist, patriarchal, racist-colonial, rationalist-ableist and anthropocentrist-productivist systems, the so-called "post-modern" theories fail as well to provide emancipatory analyses and ways out of these systems of domination as do the "traditional Marxist" and classical anarchist theories, because all these theories lack a radical critique of the basic categories of capitalism-patriarchy that only the "value-dissociation critique" offers (at least as far as we are aware of). Since the mid-1980s and with a feminist turn in 1992, first in Germany and then also in Brazil and many other countries, the philosophical current of the "critique of value-dissociation" has been working to rethink a critical theory of patriarchal capitalism based on a radical overcoming of the whole "traditional Marxism". This is done by demonstrating the urgent need to deploy a critique of the basic categories of capitalism, namely work, value, money, commodities, fetishism, patriarchy, and the state; of these categories themselves, and not simply of their phenomenal forms. But how can a critical theory of such power...