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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Aspectos do cuidado cooperativo em dois grupos de Callithrix jacchus selvagens

Cutrim, Fernanda Helena Ribeiro 21 September 2007 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:37:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FernandaHRC.pdf: 1074214 bytes, checksum: a491c48f14137c54d61720cb92efef5a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-09-21 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico / The Callitrichidae family presents cooperative breeding, where breeders and non breeders take care of the offspring. The aspects of care analyzed in this study were infant carrying, supervision, proximity and food transfer. Three sets of infants from two wild groups of Callithrix jacchus were studied in the environments of Caatinga (Assu group) and Atlantic Forest (Jundia? group). The methods used in the study were instantaneous focal sampling (infant carrying, supervision and proximity) and continuous focal sampling (food transfer). In the two sets observed in Assu group, the father carried and transferred food to infants more than the rest of the group. The biggest contribution in supervision was from the father and from another adult male. The members that remained in proximity to the infants in both groups were the younger in the groups (juveniles and sub-adults). In the Jundia? group, the father and the adult male helper of the group were the main caregivers; one of the sub-adult females was responsible for supervision of the infants. With the disappearance of the reproductive male and one of the sub-adults females in 3? month of infants life, the care was redistributed and the only adult male left in the group was the animal that contributed more in provisioning of the infant. In the Assu group, there were adult females in its composition which were involved in agonistic interactions with breeders and adult males, and seemed to influence their low participation in care. Food transfer initiates early in the development of the infants, as a way to encourage nutritional independence. Different types of food transfer (active food transfer, food steal, food steal attempt, passive food transfer and food handling) were observed in the study and frequency of each one varied with developmental phase and tolerance by the members. One relevant data of the study was the presence of active food transfer in Assu group, since in literature there are very few registers of this type of transfer for this species. It is important that groups from distinct environments and composition be studied for a better understanding of the dynamics of infants development / A fam?lia Callitrichidae apresenta um sistema de cuidado cooperativo, onde os reprodutores e n?o reprodutores cuidam da prole. Os aspectos do cuidado ? prole analisados neste estudo foram o transporte dos infantes, a supervis?o, a proximidade e as transfer?ncias de alimento. Foram estudados dois grupos de Callithrix jacchus silvestres em ambientes de Caatinga (Grupo de Assu) e de Floresta Atl?ntica (Grupo de Jundia?). Os m?todos utilizados foram animal focal (transporte do infante, supervis?o e proximidade) e o focal cont?nuo (transfer?ncia de alimento). Nas duas proles observadas no grupo de Assu, o indiv?duo que mais contribuiu no transporte dos filhotes e no provisionamento dos infantes foi o pai. A maior contribui??o na supervis?o de uma prole foi do pai e na outra de um macho adulto. Os membros mais pr?ximos dos infantes nos dois grupos foram os animais de faixas et?rias mais pr?ximas (juvenis e sub-adultos). Na ?nica prole do grupo de Jundia? observada, o pai e o ?nico ajudante macho adulto do grupo foram os principais carregadores dos filhotes e uma das f?meas sub-adultas, a principal respons?vel pela supervis?o dos infantes. Com o desaparecimento do macho reprodutor e uma das f?meas sub-adultas no 3? m?s de vida dos infantes, o cuidado foi redistribu?do e o ?nico macho adulto foi o que mais contribuiu no provisionamento do infante. O grupo de Assu apresentava f?meas adultas em sua composi??o e nele ocorreram mais intera??es agon?sticas entre estas f?meas adultas com os reprodutores e machos adultos, o que refletiu a baixa freq??ncia de ajuda deste sexo-idade. A transfer?ncia de alimento inicia cedo no desenvolvimento dos filhotes como maneira de encorajar a independ?ncia nutricional. Diversos tipos de transfer?ncia de alimento (transfer?ncia ativa, roubo, tentativa de roubo, transfer?ncia passiva e manipula??o do alimento) foram observados no estudo e a freq??ncia de cada um variou de acordo com o est?gio de desenvolvimento do infante e com a toler?ncia dos membros do grupo. Um dado relevante do estudo foi a presen?a de transfer?ncia ativa de alimento no grupo de Assu, j? que na literatura existem poucos registros deste tipo de transfer?ncia para esta esp?cie. ? interessante que grupos de ambientes e composi??o distintos sejam estudados para uma melhor compreens?o da din?mica das transfer?ncias de alimento na natureza

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