Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 2005. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 139-142).

Thesis (MScIng)--University of Stellenbosch, 2006. / Bibliography. Also available via the Internet.

The advancement of modern technology has brought with It a demand upon the engineer for more thorough analysis techniques. This has been precipitated by the advent of missiles and space-craft that do not permit regular inspections to determine causes of failure, crack propagation, design weaknesses, etc. Thus, a more complete analytical work must be performed to facilitate a foreknowledge of reaction and performance of a particular design to its environment.

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Heat transfer in cylinder spaces is important to the performance of many reciprocating energy conversion machines, such as gas compressors and Stirling machines. Work over the past 10 years has shown that heat transfer driven by oscillating pressure differs from steady state heat transfer in magnitude and in phase; in-cylinder heat transfer under this oscillating condition can be out of phase with the temperature difference. For studies with closed piston-cylinder gas springs, this heat transfer phase shift has been successfully predicted with the use of a complex Nusselt number; since a complex number has both a magnitude and a phase, a complex Nusselt number can describe the phase shift between temperature and heat transfer. Quasi-steady heat transfer models, such as Newton's Law of Cooling, do not predict this phase shift. This project studied the problem of in-cylinder heat transfer with inflow-produced turbulence. Initial tests were conducted without the generated turbulence; this enabled the researchers to compare the results of this apparatus to previous work. Then, an orifice plate was added to the apparatus to generate simulated inflow-produced turbulence. The tests from this configuration were compared to the previous set, without the turbulence, to see how inflow-produced turbulence affected heat transfer and the heat transfer related cyclic lost work. The complex Nusselt number, which had been used in previous studies to model non-turbulent in-cylinder heat transfer, was applied to the turbulent data as well. The tests conducted without generated turbulence (one space experiments) matched previous results and also extended their range to lower volume ratios and higher oscillating speeds. These tests also demonstrated that an analytical heat transfer model based on low volume ratios (approaching 1.0) was valid over the range from 1 to 2. The tests conducted with the generated turbulence (two space experiments) were compared against the results from the one space experiments. These results indicated that the in-cylinder heat transfer was increased due to the generated turbulence. The magnitude of the complex Nusselt number compared favorably to an analytical model of in-cylinder heat transfer with inflow-produced turbulence. / Master of Science

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