Ett företags värde kan vara av yttersta vikt i en mängd situationer och många är de (aktieägare, myndigheter, analytiker, investerare m.fl.) som kan vara i behov av den informationen. Företagsvärdering är ett ständigt aktuellt ämne och aktieanalytiker värderar löpande börsföretagen för att identifiera övervärderade eller undervärderade aktier. Syftet med studien är att undersöka och jämföra resultatet i form av företagsvärdet från de analyserade värderingsmodellerna och det noterade börsvärdet. Den teoretiska referensramen har sin utgångspunkt i två grundval: utifrån framtida avkastning samt utifrån värdet på tillgångar och skulder. Dessa två teorier brukar benämnas avkastnings- respektive substansvärdering. Studien bygger på den kvantitativa metoden och beräkningarna har genomförts med hjälp av numeriska data i form av extern information från de utvalda företagens årsredovisningar. Uppsatsen präglas av ett deduktivt synsätt, teorier och modeller testades mot det empiriska underlaget. Resultaten från värderingen, framtagna med avkastningsvärdering, skiljer sig kraftigt i jämförelse med de för företagen noterade börsvärdena. Samma mönster återfinns när det gäller substansvärderingen, där de resultat som framkommit visar på stora skillnader med börsvärdena. Vid en värdering måste ta hänsyn tas till en mängd olika omständigheter så som vilken typ av tillgångar företaget har, dess skulder och kapitalstruktur. Eller är det kanske så att företaget ska avvecklas och tillgångarna säljas? Skillnaderna i värdering uppstår inte bara på grund av att modellerna värdesätter faktorerna olika, skillnaderna kan även härledas till vem som genomför värderingen. Det krävs en gedigen kunskap om både företaget i sig samt den marknad som företaget verkar på. / A company's value can be of utmost importance in a variety of situations and many are those (shareholders, government agencies, analysts, investors and others) who may be in need of the information. Business Valuation is a perennially topical subject and stock analyzers evaluate current listed companies to identify overvalued or undervalued stocks. The purpose of this study is to investigate and compare the results in terms of business value from the analyzed valuation models and the quoted market value. The theoretical framework is based on two bases: Based on future performance and the value of assets and liabilities. These two theories are usually called yield and net asset valuation. This study is based on the quantitative method. Calculations were made by using the numeric data in terms of external information from the selected company’s financial statements. This essay is characterized by a deductive approach, theories and models were tested against the empirical basis. The result of the evaluation, developed with yield valuation, differs sharply in comparison with those of the company’s listed stock prices. Same pattern is found in the net asset value, where an obtained result shows large differences in market capitalizations. One must take into account a variety of factors such as the nature of the assets of the company, its liabilities and capital structure. Or is it so that the company settled and assets can be sold? The difference in valuation arises not only because the models value the factors in different ways, the differences can also be traced to who carries out the valuation. It requires a solid understanding of both the company itself and the market in which it operates.

With the escalating demands for optical communication network system, the need for broadband gain medium in optical communication has increased. Among them, Cr4+:YAG crystal has shown an exceptionally successful broadband amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) light source that fully cover 1.2-1.6 £gm range (3-dB bandwidth up to 265 nm). More recently, we demonstrated the realization of a waveguiding, low-loss, and ultralow threshold Cr4+:YAG double-clad crystal fiber (DCF) based ultrabroadband ASE light source, optical amplifier, and laser grown by the codrawing laser-heated pedestal growth (LHPG) technique. These results demonstrate the potential of the Cr4+:YAG DCF for the replacement of the erbium doped fiber in future optical communications. In this thesis, we focus on the correlation between the nanospectroscopy and nanostructure of the Cr:YAG DCF in order to further improve its device performance. For nanospectroscopic and nanostructural characterizations, near-field scanning optical microscopy (NSOM) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) techniques have played key roles. In this thesis, we successfully prepared the HRTEM specimen of Cr:YAG DCF, which is heterostructure, ultrahard, but fragile. Here we show the first study on the nanospectroscopy and nanostructure of the nanocrystals in the inner cladding of Cr:YAG DCF by highly spatial resolved NSOM. The NSOM results were compared with those obtained by HRTEM. In addition, the difference in thermal expansion coefficients between a YAG core and an inner cladding creates a significant localized strain field beneath the core, which can result in optical confinement and provide the possibility to simultaneously control the Cr3+ and Cr4+ fluorescence with systematically varied growth parameters. This new class of strain-tunable Cr:YAG DCF opens up new opportunity to improve the performance of the Cr:YAG DCF based ultrabroadband light source, optical amplifier, and crystal fiber laser in all-optic fiber communications.

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The aim of the Master´s Thesis Valuation of FOXCONN CZ s.r.o. is to determine the objectified value of the company FOXCONN CZ s.r.o. as at 31. 12. 2015 from the perspective of an external analyst. The Master´s Thesis is divided into two main parts. The theoretical-methodological part describes the procedure of calculation single methods leading to the final valuation of the company. The emphasis is mainly on description of valuation, strategic analysis, financial analysis, planning of value generators, financial plan and the individual valuation approaches. The practical part is based on the application of particular procedures and calculations, described in the theoretical part. Results of every single chapter are properly commented using relevant information and other facts. The conclusion contents the summary of gained results leading to the determination of final value of the company. Method of free cash flows to equity (FCFE) was used for valuation.

The objctive of this thesis was AN assessment of the value of the Orco Property Group Company. It required making out a strategic analysis, financial analysis and working out a financial plan. For the actual valuing I decided to choose the DCF Equity method.

The master thesis aims to compare the DCF Entity method and the DCF APV method. In the practical part of the thesis, both of these methods are applied to evaluate the company KOVOVÝROBA HOFFMANN, s.r.o. When applied correctly and using the same input data, DCF Entity as well as DCF APV results are supposed to equal. However, both methods dispose of its pros and cons. Despite its imperfections, the DCF Entity method is commonly used in practise, whereas the DCF APV method lacks of interest. This thesis, however, points out that the DCF APV could be not merely an equal alternative to the DCF Entity method, but could also avoid some of its imperfections or give extra information compared to the DCF Entity method. As a consequence, we can expect increasing importance of the DCF APV method.

The master thesis evaluates the company ZVVZ GROUP. The main focus is to link the aspects connected with the yield valuation method DCF APV (Discounted Cash Flow Adjusted Present Value), since this method has many advantages, although rarely used in practice. The DCF Entity method is chosen for comparison. This method is used much more often, despite methodological imprecisions, which are usually omitted. To demonstrate the advantages of the DCF APV method, I have decided to evaluate a complicated company ZVVZ, a. s. which has been transformed into holding ZVVZ Group, a. s.

Main task of my Master's thesis is to figure out the value of business entity using well known methods of pricing of the company. I've choosed to specify the value of the Czech company Vodafone a.s., which is member of the Vodafone group. This valuation is prepared for the case that the company would be sold in January 2012 to the potentional investor. There are two ways of figuring out the weighted average costs of capital that are used in my thesis. There is also discussion about using the country risk premium when specifying the costs of capital using CAPM model. After macroeconomic analysis, field analysis, and financial analysis, there is made a financial plan. There are used discounted methods of valuing the company such as Free cash flow to the firm (DCF FCFF), Economic value added (DCF EVA) and also Accounting method.

The goal of the diploma thesis is value setting of the company with a use of standard methods of evaluation like financial and strategic analysis, analysis of value generators, financial plan and selected method of evaluation. This thesis is divided into two parts - theoretic and apliccation part. The wanted value of the company is subjective value, it means value for the individual.

The master thesis Valuation of the company Kofola a.s. is divided into two main parts. The first part deals with the basic theoretical fundaments of business valuation. The basic terms of business valuation, purposes of valuation and its process is described within this part. The practical part aims to finding Kofola a.s. market value The strategic analysis, the financial analysis and the analysis of value generators which enabled the creation of financial plan contributed towards the finding of market value. The final income valuation is created by the DCF entity method.