This Master's thesis focuses on the development of companies especially using the mergers and acquisitions. In the theoretical part, basic concepts and correct theoretical procedures of this type of companies' development are introduced. The main idea of the analytical part was inspired by the company EDUA Group, Ltd, which acquired another two companies. The goal of both acquisitions was to ensure to the company's profitability. The aim of this part of the thesis is to analyze the current profitability of company now and find the problems in the acquisition process. The evaluation of both processes is based on financial analysis and also the analysis of non-financial factors. The results of undertaken non-financial analyses show areas where more attention is to be paid in order to avoid the complications during possible future acquisitions. The main parts which affected the procedures are attitude towards employees, the market position of the acquiring company, financial situation and the timing. The result of the financial analysis shows that the primary task of acquisition was fulfilled as it helped the company to get from the loss to the profit.

Foreign companies were the main drivers of economic development in the Czech Republic in last two decades. Today the Czech market is already saturated with large number of foreign investment and future development of the Czech economy depends on a shift towards a knowledge-based economic development. Thesis attempts to evaluate different position of domestic and foreign companies from the Pardubice Region in global production networks. This position will have different influence on focus of companies on research, development and knowledge-based activities. The work is based on 34 directed interviews with the directors of domestic and foreign companies from the Pardubice Region. First aim is to indicate different position of domestic and foreign firms in global production networks. Second aim is to find a different meaning of research and development activities for companies. Development activities are the main article of shift towards the production of knowledge-intensive products with higher added value. Last aim of thesis is to evaluate different intensity of collaboration of domestic and foreign companies on the research and development activities with other firms and institutions.

The thesis discusses the various life stages of enterprise and indicators that characterize their different stages. The development of the company can be likened to natural organisms, businesses over time, undergo changes similar to all living organisms. The company is first born, continues to grow, mature, in later stage performance decreases, and eventually leads to extinction. Analyzed enterprises were engaged in the manufacture of food products, employed at least one worker and were doing business continuously from 2008 to 2013. The ultimate goal was to classify individual businesses into specific phases of development: formation, growth, stabilization, maturation, decline and extinction. Breakdown into various life stages was based on three methods. The first method examined developments in terms of sales for each company and compared it with the industry average. The second procedure was stricter, setting out the order of enterprises through the development of the three criteria. Third method chose only examples of companies which results of selected financial indicators best characterize a particular stage of development. According to the first two methods, most enterprises from the entire population are in the growth stage, least companies are at the stage of extinction.

Целью работы является разработка методических подходов к экономической оценке развития компаний в условиях санкционного давления. В исследовании рассматривалось усовершенствование инструментов экономической оценки предприятий, находящихся под санкционным давлением. В нем подчеркивалась необходимость разработки компаниями стратегий переключения на экспорт, импортозамещения и снижения внутреннего рынка. Предлагаемый подход позволяет компаниям оценивать экономические последствия этих стратегий и принимать обоснованные решения в поддержку технологического суверенитета, операционной эффективности и управления человеческими ресурсами. / The aim of the work is to develop methodological approaches to the economic assessment of the development of companies under sanctions pressure. The study examined the improvement of tools for the economic assessment of enterprises under sanctions pressure. It emphasized the need for companies to develop strategies for switching to exports, import substitution and reducing the domestic market. The proposed approach allows companies to assess the economic impact of these strategies and make informed decisions in support of technological sovereignty, operational efficiency and human resource management.