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Experimental measurements in a multipole discharge : application to H'- productionHopkins, Michael Brendan January 1987 (has links)
No description available.
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An implantable sensor for disease detection and treatmentNgoepe, Mpho Phehello 25 August 2014 (has links)
Current sensors employed in medicine are used to detect chemical and biochemical abnormalities. Their applications range from biopsy (brain), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (spinal fluid), blood (bio-barcode), and sweat and urine bio-diagnostics where the primary focus is the selection of biomarkers that can pinpoint the occurrence of the disease. Emerging sensors for cholesterol detection are based on enzymatic functions, which degrade these molecules, where the signal can be visualized optically by using a transducer. Cholesterol is a steroid metabolite that is employed for the synthesis of steroid hormones, and the establishment of proper membrane permeability and fluidity. Since cholesterol is insoluble in blood, it is transported in the circulatory system within lipoproteins, complex spherical particles which have an exterior comprising of amphiphilic proteins and lipids with outward-facing surfaces that are water-soluble and inward-facing surfaces that are lipid-soluble. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is known as ‘bad’ cholesterol. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) is known as ‘good’ cholesterol. LDL is linked to cardiovascular conditions such as atherosclerosis and hypertension, which ultimately lead to coronary heart disease, myocardial and cerebral infarction (stroke). An appropriate therapeutic response to a sensor system for cholesterol, specifically LDL, detection implicates the design of an implantable system for stimuli-responsive drug release. The proposed system was designed to detect specific biochemical changes by employing nanoparticles made of glyceryl behenate, polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block copolymer, avidin, biotin and anti-beta lipoprotein antibodies as sensors. This was achieved by coating nanoparticles with antibodies specific to the antigen (i.e. LDL) to create an antibody-conjugated antibody conjugated solid lipid nanoparticles (henceforth known as ‘antibody conjugated SLN). Fenofibrate was used as a model drug due to its low water solubility and to its lipophilic properties similar to statins. The antibody conjugated SLNs were of 150nm in size and had a zeta potential of -28mV. Their drug entrapment efficacy was 86%, with a drug release of 16mg/day due to Fickian diffusion and erosion mechanism. The slow release was due semi-crystalline structure determined by XRD and DSC. Antigen responsive hydrogel was designed by incorporation of thiolated antibody conjugated SLN via Traut’s reagents, polyethylene glycol diacrylate, methyl acrylic acid and polyethylene glycol 200. The osmotic pump was designed from polyethylene oxide, ethyl cellulose and mannitol. The drug reservoir was synthesized from ethyl cellulose coated gelatin capsule via coacervation phase separation method. The polymeric tube synthesized from ethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose and castor oil was coated with antigen responsive hydrogel. Ex vivo studies evaluating intravascular stability of the implant in correlation with mechanical analysis indicated the polymeric tube unstable. An 18-gauge catheter was used for forming an infusion tube as a substitute for the polymeric tube. The implant showed a correlation of Korsmeyer-Peppas drug release during in vivo and in vitro studies. A constant drug release of 881μg/day was observed during in vivo. This played a role in reduction of total cholesterol by means of reduction in LDL sub-fractions by 30%; in correlation with LDL particle enhance clearance from the plasma due to SLN-LDL uptake. An increase by 46% in HDL was observed, which correlated to fenofibrate therapeutic effect. Pharmacokinetic analysis indicated improved mean residence time and efficacy. This indicated that the device could be used for delivery of lipophilic drugs and detection of circulating biomarkers.
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Assessment of diagnostic modalities in penetrating cardiac trauma for the haemodynamically stable patientSurridge, Daniel Johnathan David 10 September 2014 (has links)
Introduction: One in 11.5 patients with a thoracic wound has cardiac involvement with
potentially life-threatening consequences. Therefore, cardiac injury must be assumed in
every patient with a penetrating chest lesion, even if the patient is haemodynamically
stable. A need exists to diagnose or screen for “occult” cardiac injury.
Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted in patients with a penetrating injury to
the chest at Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital Trauma Unit from 1
January 2007 to 30 June 2010. Data was compared between patients with and without
cardiac injury. Clinical examination and special investigations were assessed for
sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values.
Results: Of 7 781 major injuries assessed, 1 591 (20%) sustained a penetrating injury to
the chest. All cardiac injury was incurred through a precordial wound. Two investigations
were found to be both significant and useful. Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) had a
sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 95%. Serial Troponin T (Trop T) levels showed a
peak at 4 hours and by 6 hours post admission the specificity and negative predictive
values were 100%.
Conclusion: Of the investigations examined, TTE was found to have the best results. The
need for specialised equipment and training make TTE less practical in a resource-limited
environment. Serial Trop T shows a high negative predictive value and is a cost effective
screening test for penetrating cardiac injury.
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Studies of laser generated plasmas relevant to soft X-ray laser researchCorbett, Richard Ewing January 1987 (has links)
No description available.
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The Effect of an Early Sensorimotor Intervention Program on the Development of Infants with Perinatal Intraventricular HemorrhageMillard, Janet 01 May 1987 (has links)
Our current ability to identify and appropriately treat infants who are at risk for developing various handicapping conditions is limited. Thus, research aimed at developing early diagnostic techniques and differential intervention programs for infants at risk for handicaps needs further attention. The purpose of this study was to determine if infants who suffered perinatal intraventricular hemorrhage and who received routine medical care plus sensorimotor intervention between 3 and 12 months of age, differed from similar infants who received only routine medical care.
Twenty-four subjects (10 experimental and 14 control) who were patients in neonatal intensive care at University of Utah or Primary Children's Medical Centers constituted the study sample. Descriptive data specific to the birth and perinatal period were obtained on the infant and its mother.
All infants were evaluated with the Battelle Developmental Inventory at 3 and 12-months corrected age. In addition, the Carey Infant Temperament Questionnaire was completed by the parent when the infant was 6 to 9 months corrected age, and the Parenting Stress Index was completed when the infants was 12 months corrected age.
Experimental subjects and their parent(s) participated in an individualized sensorimotor intervention program, directed by a licensed physical therapist, for 1 hour per week on a bi-monthly basis. Parents reported spending an average of 20 minutes per day, 5 days per week, working on exercises with their infant at home throughout the 9- month program.
A statistically significant positive relationship was found between developmental outcome and participation in sensorimotor intervention , as measured by the posttest Battelle. No significant differences between groups were found on levels of parenting stress. On each of the measures, stress levels were moderate. Continued enrollment and annual follow-up of subjects in the current study will allow for longitudinal evaluation of the effects of early sensorimotor intervention on development.
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Optical methods for tympanic membrane characterisation : towards objective otoscopy in otitis media /Sundberg, Mikael, January 2008 (has links)
Diss. (sammanfattning) Linköping : Linköpings universitet, 2008. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.
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Smart polymer nanoscale particles for rapid molecular diagnostics /Kulkarni, Samarth. January 2006 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 2006. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 142-152).
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Detection of retinal nerve fiber layer progression in glaucoma. / CUHK electronic theses & dissertations collectionJanuary 2013 (has links)
Yu, Chak Yan Marco. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2013. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 153-178). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Abstract also in Chinese.
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Adjusting for covariate effects in biomarker studies using the subject-specfic threshold ROC curve /Janes, Holly, January 2005 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 2005. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 173-178).
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Avaliação da maturidade pulmonar de cordeiros nascidos a termo e prematuros pela análise citológica, Test de Clements e contagem de corpos lamelares do líquido amnióticoSouza, Natália Cristina de [UNESP] 13 August 2014 (has links) (PDF)
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000850046.pdf: 1248298 bytes, checksum: 4c913cbe7b8f4d968f0b13899c9781e3 (MD5) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a maturidade pulmonar de cordeiros, por meio do teste de Clements, da análise citológica pela coloração de Azul de Nilo e Shorr, e da contagem de corpos lamelares no líquido amniótico de ovelhas. Para tanto, foram utilizados 56 animais (24 ovelhas e 32 cordeiros), divididos em três grupos, a saber : Grupo I: constituído por oito ovelhas, com gestação em torno de 145 dias, e por 10 cordeiros nascidos de partos normais; grupo II: composto por oito ovelhas, com 138 dias de gestação, e por onze cordeiros nascidos de cesarianas; e, grupo III : constituído por oito ovelhas com 138 dias de gestação e que receberam 16mg/ovelha de dexametasona, por via intramuscular, 36 horas antes da cirurgia eletiva, e por 11 cordeiros delas nascidos. Na coloração de azul de Nilo observou-se diferença significativa entre os grupos I e III, porém esta técnica não foi satisfatória. Entretanto, a citologia utilizando a coloração de Hematoxilina-Shorr mostrou-se confiável, onde o grupo I diferiu estatisticamente do grupo III. Cerca de 20% dos cordeiros do grupo I possuíam maturidade pulmonar pelo teste de Clements. Contudo, o grupo II foi o que apresentou menor quantidade de bolhas (9,1%). O grupo III teve maior porcentagem de animais com maturidade pulmonar (36,4%), quando comparados aos grupos I e II. Os corpos lamenares apresentavam tamanhos variando entre 0,019 a 0,590 micrometros. A avaliação da maturidade pulmonar e fetal na neonatologia veterinária visa determinar o nascimento de paciente com alto risco, bem como o imediato estabelecimento de terapia de suporte ao recém-nascido, minimizando possíveis complicações e melhorando as taxas de sobrevivência / The aim of this study was to determine pulmonary and fetal maturity of lambs by means of cytological tests using Nile Blue and Hematoxilin-Shorr staining, Clements' test and amniotic fluid lamellar body count. Amniotic fluid samples were collected from 24 sheep in order to evaluate pulmonary and fetal maturity of their 32 lambs, which were divided into three groups: Normal group included 10 lambs born at term, after 145 days of gestation; Caesarean group included 11 lambs delivered by caesarean section, after 138 days of gestation; and Caesarean+Dexamethasone group included 11 lambs born from sheep submitted to caesarean section, after 138 days of gestation, and dexamethasone 16 mg/animal (IM) administration two days prior to the surgical procedure.. A significant difference was observed between Normal and Caesarean+Dexametasone groups using Nile Blue staining. However, this technique was not effective. Hematoxilin-Shorr staining was reliable and it was possible to verify that the Normal group differed statistically from the group submitted to Caesarean+Dexamethasone. In Clements' test, aiming to observe the presence of surfactant, which is characterized by the formation of bubble rings, approximately 20% of animals in the Normal group presented pulmonary maturity. However, the Caesarean group showed the least amount of bubbles (9.1%). The Caesarean+Dexamethasone group showed higher percentage of animals with pulmonary maturity (36.4%) when compared to the Normal and Caesarean groups The lamellar bodies were then measured to verify their size, which varied between 0.019 and 0.590 micrometers / FAPESP: 2011/14933-3
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