Organophosphonates have been used as simulants of highly toxic compounds such as chemical warfare agents in the study of the decomposition reactions that occur on the surface of hafnium dioxide. Metal oxide and metal-oxide nanoparticles have been shown to decompose organophosphonate molecules. In this study, high surface area hafnium oxide nanoparticles are synthesized via laser ablation. This creates nanoparticles that are free of contaminants and have a narrow size distribution. The particles are characterized by atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy to determine particle size and thin film morphology. Once characterized, they are exposed to dimethyl methylphosphonate and the surface reaction is analyzed by reflection-absorption infrared spectroscopy. / Master of Science

The diploma thesis is focused on the theoretical knowledge of lithium accumulators. More attention is given to electrolytes and especially to flame retardants, where the types and individual examples of flame retardants are described more detailed. The practical part is focused on the individual laboratory measurement of selected samples of electrolytes with different flame retardants. The measurement results are analyzed in other parts.