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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Europe's bottleneck : the Iberian Peninsula and the Jewish refugee crisis, 1933-1944

Correa Martin-Arroyo, Pedro January 2018 (has links)
This thesis offers a transnational history of the Jewish refugee crisis in South-Western Europe, and assesses the role of the Iberian Peninsula in the Holocaust. It does so by looking at Vichy France, Franco's Spain, and Salazar's Portugal. It explores the possibilities of rescue, and the offer of relief. It accounts for the persecution of Jews in Spain and Portugal. And it examines the role of the Western Allies in offering relief and promoting the rescue of Jews in the region. Crucially, this thesis also focuses in the role of humanitarian organisations, both private and intergovernmental, in tackling the Jewish refugee situation. The role of Jewish underground groups in organising the clandestine crossing of the Pyrenees is also explored in detail. Lastly, this thesis also accounts for the decimated possibilities of transportation from the Iberian Peninsula during the war, and for the repercussions of this transportation crisis for the Jewish refugee crisis and the Holocaust.
2

Visuomeninio ir kultūrinio gyvenimo refleksija išeivijos laikraštyje "Žiburiai" 1945-1949 m / The Reflection of Social and Cultural Life in an exile newspaper „Lights“ in 1945-1949

Kamarauskas, Gediminas 04 June 2013 (has links)
Tūkstančiai pabėgėlių, kurie Antrojo pasaulinio karo pabaigoje užplūdo Vakarų Europą, prieglobstį surado Vokietijoje, suskirstytoje į karą laimėjusiųjų sąjungininkų zonas. Jose buvo įkurtos DP stovyklos, kuriose jie gyveno ketverius metus. Be tėvynės likusiais žmonėmis rūpinosi tarptautinės organizacijos – UNRRA bei IRO. Jos pabėgėliams teikė būtiniausią paramą: globą, įkurdinimą ir maitinimą. Stovyklose susibūrus didesniam skaičiui lietuvių, imtos steigti tautinei bendruomenei svarbios institucijos ir prasidėjo intensyvus kultūrinis bei visuomeninis gyvenimas. Visas DP laikotarpio lietuvių gyvenimas buvo tam tikras nepriklausomos Lietuvos laikų gyvenimo modelis. Darbo tema yra Visuomeninio ir kultūrinio gyvenimo refleksija išeivijos laikraštyje „Žiburiai“ 1945-1949 m. Tarp gausių lietuviškos spaudos leidinių išsiskyrė katalikiškos orientacijos laikraštis „Žiburiai“. Jame buvo pristatytas nepriklausomos Lietuvos kultūrinis ir visuomeninis gyvenimas bei svarbiausi istoriniai įvykiai. Šie straipsniai rodė bandymą išsaugoti nenutrūkstamus ryšius su tėvyne. Kuriantis švietimo sistemai, „Žiburiuose“ raginta vadovautis nepriklausomos Lietuvos mokyklų mokymo tradicijomis, o kartu paruošti mokinius gyvenimui svetimame krašte, nepamirštant įskiepyti ir tautinių vertybių. „Žiburiai“ aktyviai dalyvavo ir kultūriniame gyvenime. Literatūros kritikos straipsniuose diskutuota profesionalumo ir mėgėjiškumo, literatūrinės kūrinių vertės temomis, todėl tremties rašytojai įsipareigojo kurti... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Many thousands of refugees, who at the end of Second World War overflowed Western Europe, found shelter in Germany which was divided into zones by the winners of the war. DP camps were created in these zones and refugees settled here for four years. Two international organizations named UNRRA and IRO took care of the homeless. These organizations gave the most essential support for refugees such as a custody, accomodation and alimentation. When a greater number of Lithuanians in the DP camps settled, various important institutions for a national community were created, and it was also a significant start for an intense cultural and social life. The whole period of Lithuanian DP life was a particular pattern of a truly independent Lithuanian times. The topic of this work is on The Reflection of Social and Cultural Life in an exile newspaper „Lights“ in 1945-1949. Considering a number of Lithuanian publications, a catholic-oriented newspaper ,,Lights“ was of a great importance among others. In „Lights“ was presented an independent Lithuanian education, culture, most important historical events. These articles demonstrated the try to keep a strong contact with a homeland. While creating a new educational system, „Lights“ encouraged to follow the programmes of an independent Lithuanian learning. It was an attempt to keep the tradition of Lithuanian schools and prepare pupils for a life in a foreign country and not to forget their national values. The „Lights“ actively... [to full text]
3

A Galiza (não) é longe daqui ... : lendo(-se) em imagens, mirando(-se) em textos

Vidal Bouzon, Álvaro J. January 2007 (has links)
Through the analysis of artistic and written artifacts, this dissertation attempts to reflect upon the cultural and political conditions that conjoin to constitute a highly unstable "Galizan identity". The dissertation will begin by reading how a graphic work by the single most central figure in modern Galizan nationalism managed to convey such unstable identity. It will then go on to assess how culture in general, and literary production in particular might be used to mobilize the social elements that would liberate a potential Galizan identity/nation, according to the terms of a contemporary Galizan manifesto-cum-declaration and under the conditions which have historically produced the cultural, social and political map of the Iberian Peninsula. The special situation of Galiza comes across, thus, as perhaps the most complex identitarian conflict of those locked up by the Spanish Kingdom. Amongst all the potential indicators of a "Galizan identity", language retains a hegemonic position (of which the artifacts under study here are perfect paradigms) at the same time that it has become the privileged territory for the confrontation of different national projects. The combination of this cultural constituent factor with other historic elements allows for the categorization of Galiza as an enclave in an unequal dialectical relationship. This characterization depends, however, upon the privileged status given to the Nation-State in Modernity as the site of political sovereignty. Assuming as much, the artifacts analysed in this dissertation can only present Galiza as being either a nation's "amputated/occupied segment" or a "forbidden" nation (without "its own Nation-State"). Nevertheless, in the Global Era, the "suspended" condition of Galizan identity may become one of the aporetic paradigms of subjectivity at the beginning of the new century: Galizans can and cannot be (an)other thing. Their incompleteness is, thus, not only the very condition of their foreignness to the two Nation-States of the Iberian Peninsula but, above all, to the modern political construct that the Nation-State is.
4

La Exposicion Iberoamericana en contexto

Souto, Ana January 2007 (has links)
La presente Tesis Doctoral La Exposicion Iberoamericana (EIA) de Sevilla en contexto tiene como hilo conductor la arquitectura como manifestacion cultural de su epoca. De esta manera, el analisis arquitectonico de la EIA pondra de manifiesto, en primer lugar, la influencia de las Exposiciones Universales ensayadas durante el siglo XIX. Estos certamenes demostraron su capacidad de sintesis al encapsular los avances de cada paí­s, sin olvidar la plasmacion de la identidad nacional a traves de la arquitectura de sus pabellones. La EIA se basara en este modelo para sintetizar no ya los avances tecnologicos o coloniales de Espana y Latinoamerica, sino, por el contrario, las relaciones existentes entre ambas tras las independencias. En segundo lugar, y a traves del analisis de los pabellones de las distintas naciones sera posible discernir que imagen querian mostrar al otro, a Espana, a las otras republicas latinoamericanas, con su participacion en la EIA. La Plaza de America a traves de los estilos Neogotico, Neomudejar y Neoplateresco pondra de manifiesto la influencia de la corriente conservadora panhispanista, que proponia restablecer una suerte de neoimperialismo sobre las excolonias espanolas. Frente a este afan de superioridad cabe destacar como la mayoria de las republicas latinoamericanas prefirieron condensar su identidad en pabellones neobarrocos, en los que la arquitectura se relaciona con la corriente liberal del Panhispanoamericanismo. El mejor ejemplo de esta corriente esta representado en el pabellon de Argentina. Mexico, por su parte, pondra la nota discordante al establecer, con la arquitectura de su pabellon Neoindigena, la independencia total de Espana, y la relevancia de las culturas indigenas a la hora de conformar su identidad nacional. Disenado por Amabilis durante el gobierno de Calles, este pabellon esta inmerso en la corriente del Indigenismo que, a pesar de haberse desarrollado en toda America Latina, tuvo especial pujanza en Mexico. Por ultimo, en la arquitectura de la Plaza de Espana sera posible descubrir, en la eleccion de los estilos arquitectonicos, la necesidad de repensar una nueva identidad para Espana, que habia dejado de ser un imperio para convertirse en una nacion europea de segunda fila. De esta manera, en tercer y ultimo lugar, al analizar los pabellones de la EIA, sera posible comprender las distintas motivaciones que llevaron a los paises participantes a erigir un pabellon permanente en la capital hispalense: bien para fomentar las relaciones entre las naciones hispanas en aras de ser mas fuertes frente al imperialismo de los Estados Unidos; para redescubrir una identidad comun basada en la raza o en la lengua; para fortalecer las relaciones comerciales; o simplemente con la intencion de utilizar la arquitectura como propaganda politica, economica, o incluso turí­stica.
5

Inquisición, poder y escritura femenina en tiempos del conde-duque de Olivares (1621-1643) : el caso de Teresa Valle de la Cerda

Muñoz Pérez, Laura S. January 2013 (has links)
This thesis examines the importance of women in political and cultural life at the Spanish court through the case of Teresa Valle, spiritual counsellor of Olivares, the favourite of King Philip IV (1621–1643). Scholars have assumed that women in Golden Age Spain played only a minor role in high Baroque politics and culture; my research demonstrates this to be a partial and insufficient view. Through an analysis of diverse primary sources such as letters, literary writings, and Inquisition records I show how relations between noblemen and religious women formed a key aspect of Baroque patronage and exchange, forming an essential tool of publicity and power for the former, and a way of access to the literary domain for the latter. Teresa Valle founded a convent in Madrid with the help of her patrons. The fame as visionary achieved by her aroused the wrath of some of the nuns of her convent, who denounce her to the Holy Office. She was condemned and the enemy factions of her powerful friends used the scandal to destruct their public image. In order to defence her honour and the moral integrity of her patrons Teresa addressed three treatises to the inquisitors and one confessional writing to the King. At the heart of the thesis there is a study of the writings that Teresa produced during this period, revealing her emerging literary identity, which I tried to elucidate and analyse. The nun´s trip into literature also allows me to define new paths of understanding female writing in Golden Age Spain and clarify the discursive strategies that religious women negotiated.
6

Norman and Anglo-Norman participation in the Iberian Reconquista, c.1018 - c.1248

Villegas-Aristizabal, Lucas January 2007 (has links)
This thesis covers the Norman and Anglo-Norman contribution to the Iberian Reconquista from the early eleventh to the mid-thirteenth centuries. It explores the involvement of these groups as part of the changing ideas of Holy War and their transformation as result of the First Crusade. It shows that although the Reconquista was the result of important political and economic factors within the Iberian realms, the theological aura that the papacy started placing on this conflict was a powerful motivator increasing the interest of the Normans and later Anglo-Normans, especially when coincidental with the general call for crusade in western Europe that resulted in the large expeditions that are known to us as the crusades. To cover these areas, this work is divided in four main sections: the first, Chapter II, pursues chronologically the careers of individual members of the Norman nobility such as Roger of Tosny, Robert Crispin and Robert Burdet as they became involved. It also addresses the influence that institutions like Cluny and the papacy might have had in the creation of the idea of the Reconquista in the minds of those involved. The second section, Chapter III explores the brief decline of the Norman interest in the peninsula as a result of the Norman conquest of England and the First Crusade. It also explores the revitalization of the Norman interest in the peninsular conflict with the careers of Rotrou of Perche and Robert Burdet. Chapter IV, addresses the large contribution of the Anglo-Normans as part of the Second Crusade and their motivations and the impact of their arrival on the Iberian realms. Chapter V explores the participation of the lower aristocracy and merchants from the mid-twelfth century onwards in the coastal actions on both the Atlantic and Mediterranean coasts of Iberia, showing the impact that these actions had in the Reconquista. Finally, Chapter VI explores how the changing political circumstances in Iberia and the Anglo-Norman domains helped to increase awareness during the rise of the Angevin empire and the newly found diplomatic relations between the two regions. However, it also shows that although by the thirteenth century the Reconquista was perceived as a legitimate area of crusading, the political and economic circumstances on the peninsula as well as of the English Crown had important repercussions for the drastic decline in the number of participants.
7

The representation of culture in Golden Age Madrid : between attraction and repugnance

Clymer, Camille January 2014 (has links)
This thesis will examine literary representations of the city of Madrid from the late sixteenth to seventeenth century, with a specific focus on the period of 1600-­‐1650. My analysis incorporates a multi-­‐genre approach that will include historiography, ephemeral text, festival books, poetry, entremés and prose fiction in order to provide the widest consideration of early modern Madrid through the literature it produced. Several scholars of Golden Age Madrid, such as Garcia Santo-­Tomás, Elliott, and Romero-­Díaz, have highlighted the need to move away from the static Maravallian dichotomy of power and resistance by which the Baroque has been characterised, and towards an approach that instead examines it from a point of view of its dynamism. The literature of early modern Madrid presents a conflictive image of both attraction and repugnance. On the one hand, there is an ‘official’ discourse of the city that looks to the court as its frame of reference, representing a powerful court capital. However, on the other hand, the same literature projects an ‘unofficial’ discourse, a dystopian nightmare where people starved to death in the streets, alienated and alone. The literature of early modern Madrid illustrates this crisis of representation between the two ‘worlds’ of the city that simultaneously narrate a city of extremes. This thesis will analyse the way in which this dual image of the city, its culture and the experience of living in it is produced with such a high degree of intensity within this period of urban development. It will also consider how the experience of the city is revealed through the literature it produced, demonstrating how representations of the city transcend concepts of power and marginalisation.
8

Josep Puig i Cadafalch and the construction of a Catalan national imagination (1880-1950)

Mallart, Lucila January 2016 (has links)
This thesis explores the making of a cultural and political imagination of Catalonia in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, in order to re-think the nature of nationalism in modern Europe. Although in some respects the Catalan story follows some well-known patterns of national identity construction, it is distinctive in others. Its spatial dynamics were rather particular, because they traverse traditional divides between regionalism and nationalism. The three main sections of the thesis are devoted to three spatial tiers of identity construction – the city, the state, and Europe – and draw on the projects of Josep Puig i Cadafalch (1867-1956), famous Catalan politician, man of letters, architect, art historian, and president of the proto-autonomous Catalan government between 1917 and 1923. Puig’s personal archive, made available to researchers for the first time in 2006, allows me to cast fresh light on the interplay between culture and politics in this seminal historical moment. Part 1 examines the influence of the visual culture of the 1880s on Puig’s contributions to the remaking of a Barcelona as the capital of a new Catalonia, and the less explored channels for the dissemination of national narratives and imaginaries. Part 2 shows that, in Puig’s design for the 1929 International Exposition, Catalan identity was conveyed not through the content of the exhibition – this was devoted to Spain – but through the way in which that knowledge of Spain was organised and displayed. Along a similar line, it also shows that the seemingly ‘Castilian’ forms of architecture chosen by Puig for the event also entail a ‘Catalan’ gaze, on the whole of Spain. Part 3 discusses the role of academic research in forming national identities, and more particularly, the way in which ‘national’ historiographical discourses may be constructed ‘transnationally’. All three parts consider Puig’s work as an urban planner, exhibition designer, politician, architect, and art historian, and thus engage diverse disciplines and historical debates, from the role of visual culture in shaping urban space to the interplay between Universal Expositions and vernacular architecture, as well as the political use of academic research and the interplay between transnational academic networks and nationalistic history writing.
9

Conspiracy, coup d’état and civil war in Seville (1936-1939) : history and myth in Francoist Spain

Serém, Rúben January 2012 (has links)
This thesis deconstructs the bases of enduring Francoist myth that General Queipo de Llano heroically conquered Seville with a handful of soldiers. Having established the full ramifications of that conquest, it goes on to assess the political, social, economic and cultural implications of the Spanish Civil War in Seville, the largest urban centre to fall to the military rebels at the beginning of the conflict. Chapter I examines the nature and infrastructure of the military conspiracy against the democratic Republic developed in response to the Popular Front electoral victory of February 1936. Chapter II scrutinises the career of General Queipo, in particular his metamorphosis from a marginal figure in the conspiracy into a rebel secular saint. Chapter III dismantles the legend that Queipo directed a small group of soldiers that miraculously conquered Seville and examines how the myth was exploited to legitimise political repression. Chapter IV demonstrates how the bloody pacification of Seville by nearer to 6,000 men exemplified the conspirators’ determination to eliminate the Republic by extreme violence. It shows how the use of the most brutal methods of colonial war was employed against civilians all over rebel-controlled territory. Chapter V analyses the painful transition from insurrection to civil war from a novel perspective: fundraising campaigns. It quantifies the devastating consequences of Nationalist economic repression. Finally, Chapter VI demystifies the legend of a Catholic Church persecuted by a ‘Judeo-Masonic’ conspiracy. It concludes that anticlericalism was a popular form of protest that pre-dated the establishment of the II Republic by analysing/quantifying patterns of religiosity, revealing that only 1.44% of the local population regularly attended Church in 1930s Seville; and investigating the development of the Catholic Church into the main cultural institution in Nationalist Spain that sanctified the transformation of myth into History.
10

Politics, political culture and policy making : the reform of viceregal rule in the Spanish world under Philip V (1700-1746)

Eissa-Barroso, Francisco A. January 2010 (has links)
This thesis explores the changes introduced in the Spanish system of viceregal rule, both in Peninsular Spain and the Spanish America, during the reigns of Philip V (1700-1724 and 1724-1746). It argues that these changes reflect broader transformations in Spain's politics and political culture accelerated by the arrival of the Bourbon dynasty. In particular, the thesis documents the gradual emergence of three characteristics associated with the transition from a judicial to an administrative monarchy: the introduction of new decision making and implementation procedures which prioritise executive government and limited consultation; the consolidation of a new understanding of the role of monarchical government which places less emphasis on the provision of justice and more on the king's responsibilty for matters of economic government and development; and a reshuffling of the elites which make up governmental institutions in favour of individuals with direct connections to the new royal household, distinguished more for their loyalty, administrative efficiency or military merit than for their social status and distinctions. The thesis studies the suppression of viceregal rule in the Crown of Aragon, the initially failed but later successful attempts to establish a third viceroyalty in Spanish America, and the changing social origins, and career paths of the men appointed as viceroys through the period as well as the changing expectations placed on them. The thesis highlights important parallels between the reforms introduced in Peninsular Spain and Spanish America, both in their aims and the personnel chosen to implement them. It thus suggests that Spanish ministers during the first half of the eighteenth century often espoused the opinion that the Crown should look at the Indies, in the words of José del Campillo, 'as a sizeable portion of the Monarchy in which it is possible to implement the same improvements as in Spain'.

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