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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Setor escuro do universo: uma an?lise termodin?mica / The dark sector of the universe: a thermodynamic analysis

Silva, Heydson Henrique Brito da 16 April 2014 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:15:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 HeydsonHBS_TESE.pdf: 1323101 bytes, checksum: 18654a0afdabd08781b43fe6ac36fd9b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-04-16 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico / Significant observational effort has been directed to unveiling the nature of the so-called dark energy. However, given the large number of theoretical possibilities, it is possible that this a task cannot be based only on observational data. In this thesis we investigate the dark energy via a thermodynamics approach, i.e., we discuss some thermodynamic properties of this energy component assuming a general time-dependent equation-of-state (EoS) parameter w(a) = w0 + waf(a), where w0 and wa are constants and f(a) may assume different forms. We show that very restrictive bounds can be placed on the w0 - wa space when current observational data are combined with the thermodynamic constraints derived. Moreover, we include a non-zero chemical potential &#956; and a varying EoS parameter of the type &#969;(a) = &#969;0 + F(a), therefore more general, in this thermodynamical description. We derive generalized expressions for the entropy density and chemical potential, noting that the dark energy temperature T and &#956; evolve in the same way in the course of the cosmic expansion. The positiveness of entropy S is used to impose thermodynamic bounds on the EoS parameter &#969;(a). In particular, we find that a phantom-like behavior &#969;(a) < &#8722;1 is allowed only when the chemical potential is a negative quantity (&#956; < 0). Thermodynamically speaking, a complete treatment has been proposed, when we address the interaction between matter and energy dark / Esfor?os observacionais significativos t?m sido direcionados para investigar a natureza da chamada energia escura. No entanto, dado o grande n?mero de possibilidades te?ricas, esta tarefa n?o ? poss?vel baseando-se apenas em dados observacionais. Nesta tese, investigaremos a energia escura atrav?s da abordagem termodin?mica, isto ?, discutiremos algumas propriedades termodin?micas desta componente energ?tica assumindo um par?metro da equa??o de estado (EoS) geral dependente do tempo &#969;(a) = &#969;0 + &#969;af(a), onde &#969;0 e &#969;a s?o constantes e f(a) pode assumir diferentes formas. Mostraremos que limites muito restritivos podem ser colocados no espa?o &#969;0 &#8722; &#969;a quando dados observacionais recentes s?o combinados com os v?nculos termodin?micos derivados. Al?m disso, inclu?mos um potencial qu?mico &#956; n?o nulo e um par?metro da EoS vari?vel do tipo &#969;(a) = &#969;0 + F(a), portanto mais geral, nesta descri??o termodin?mica. Derivamos express?es gerais para a densidade de entropia e o potencial qu?mico, notando que a temperatura da energia escura T e &#956; evoluem da mesma maneira no decorrer da expans?o c?smica. A positividade da entropia S ? usada para impor limites termodin?micos ao par?metro da EoS &#969;(a). Em particular, encontramos que um comportamento tipo phantom &#969;(a) < &#8722;1 ? permitido somente quando o potencial qu?mico ? uma quantidade negativa (&#956; < 0). Termodinamicamente falando, um tratamento completo foi proposto, quando abordamos a intera??o entre mat?ria e energia escuras

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