Thèse de doctorat : Sciences des matériaux : Paris 12 : 2004. / Titre provenant de l'écran-titre.

Thèse de doctorat : Génie électrique : INPL : 2006. / Titre provenant de l'écran-titre.

Thèse de doctorat : Génie des procédés : Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL : 2005. / Titre provenant de l'écran-titre. Bibliogr.

Reproduction de : Thèse de doctorat : Génie électrique : Toulouse, INPT : 2007. / Titre provenant de l'écran-titre. Bibliogr. 87 réf.

Reproduction de : Thèse de doctorat : Génie électrique : Toulouse, INPT : 2008. / Titre provenant de l'écran-titre. Bibliogr. 70 réf.

Thèse de doctorat : sciences des matériaux : Ecole centrale de Paris : 2009. Thèse de doctorat : sciences des matériaux : Chine : 2009. / Thèse soutenue en co-tutelle. Titre provenant de l'écran-titre. Bibliogr. 39 réf.

Thèse de doctorat : Génie électrique : INPL : 2009. / Titre provenant de l'écran-titre.

Soil liquefaction has caused major damage to pile foundations in many previous earthquakes. Pile foundations are relatively vulnerable to lateral loads such as those from earthquake shaking; during liquefaction this vulnerability is particularly pronounced due to a loss of strength and stiffness in the liquefied soil. In this research seismic assessment methods for piles in liquefied soil are studied; a simplified approach and a detailed dynamic analysis are applied to a case study of a bridge founded on pile foundations in liquefiable soils. The likely effects of liquefaction, lateral spreading and soil-structure interaction on the bridge during a predicted future earthquake are examined. In the simplified approach, a pseudo-static beam-spring method is used; this analysis can be performed using common site investigation data such as SPT blow count, yet it captures the basic mechanism of pile behaviour. However, the phenomenon of soil liquefaction is complex and predictions of the seismic response are subject to a high level of aleatoric uncertainty. Therefore in the simplified analysis the key input parameters are varied parametrically to identify key features of the response. The effects of varying key parameters are evaluated and summarised to provide guidance to designers on the choice of these parameters. The advanced analysis was based on the effective stress principle and used an advanced constitutive model for soil based on a state concept interpretation of sand behaviour. The analysis results give detailed information on the free field ground response, soil-structure interaction and pile performance. The modelling technique is described in detail to provide guidance on the practical application of the effective stress methodology and to illustrate its advantages and disadvantages when compared to simplified analysis. Finally, a two-layer finite element modelling technique was developed to overcome the limitations conventional two-dimensional (2-D) models have when modelling three-dimensional (3-D) effects. The technique, where two 2-D finite element meshes are overlapped and linked by appropriate boundary conditions, was successful in modelling 3-D characteristics of both deep-soil-mixing walls for liquefaction remediation and pile groups in laterally spreading soil. In both cases the new two-layer model was able to model features of the response that conventional one-layer models cannot; for cases where such aspects are important to the overall response of the foundation, this method is an alternative to the exhaustive demands of full 3-D analysis.

Orientador: Antonio Anderson da Silva Segantini / Banca: Miriam Gonçalves Miguel / Banca: Jorge Luis Akasaki / Resumo: Neste trabalho foi estudada a interação solo-estrutura para estacas escavadas com trado mecânico, de concreto armado (com diâmetro de 32 cm e 8,71 m embutida no solo), instaladas em solo arenoso de comportamento elástico-linear, solicitadas a carregamento transversal, através da análise e execução de provas de carga, no Campo Experimental da Unesp, Campus de Ilha Solteira. A partir das curvas de carga horizontal versus deslocamento horizontal, obtidas nas provas de carga, foi possível obter a variação do coeficiente horizontal de reação do solo (nh) em função do deslocamento horizontal na superfície do terreno (yo), por meio dos métodos de Matlock & Reese (1960) e Reese (1976). Escolhido o intervalo de yo entre 7 mm a 12 mm, obteve-se o valor de nh igual a 8 MN/m3, o que permitiu a determinação dos deslocamentos, das rotações, dos momentos fletores, dos esforços cortantes e das pressões atuantes no solo, ao longo do fuste das estacas, considerando a variação ou não da rigidez flexional (EI) das estacas. A influência da rigidez flexional se mostrou bem mais expressiva do que a influência da rigidez do solo no comportamento das estacas; para o nível de carregamento analisado, considerando a máxima carga utilizada nas provas de carga. / Abstract: In this work was studied the soil-structure interaction for bored piles of armed concrete (with 32 cm od diameter and 8,71 m length), installed in arenaceous soil of elastic-linear behavior, requested the transversal load, through the analysis and execution of load tests, in the Experimental Field of the Unesp, Campus of the Ilha Solteira. From the curves horizontal load versus horizontal displacement, gotten in the load tests, it was possible to get the variation of coefficient of horizontal subgrade reaction (nh) in function of the ground horizontal displacement (yo), by means of the methods of Matlock & Reese (1960) and Reese (1976). Chosen the interval of yo enter 7-12 mm, got the equal value of nh 8 the MN/m3, what it allowed the determination of the horizontal displacements, the rotations, bending moments, shear forces and soil reactions, in depth, considering the variation or not of the flexional rigidity (EI) of the piles. The flexional rigidity had more influence on the piles behaviour that the soil, for the analyzed loading level, considering the maximum load used in the load tests. / Mestre

Accurate predictions of ground-borne vibration levels in the vicinity of an underground railway are greatly sought after in modern urban centers. Yet the complexity involved in simulating the underground environment means that it is necessary to make simplifying assumptions about this system. One such commonly made assumption is to ignore the effects of nearby embedded structures such as piled foundations and neighbouring tunnels. Through the formulation of computationally efficient mathematical models, this dissertation examines the dynamic behaviour of these two particular types of structures. The effect of the dynamic behaviour of these structures on the ground-borne vibration generated by an underground railway is considered. The modelling of piled foundations begins with consideration of a single pile embedded in a linear, viscoelastic halfspace. Two approaches are pursued: the modification of an existing plane-strain pile model; and the development of a fully three-dimensional model formulated in the wavenumber domain. Methods for adapting models of infinite structures to simulate finite systems using mirror-imaging techniques are described. The interaction between two neighbouring piles is considered using the method of joining subsystems, and these results are extended to formulate models for pile groups. The mathematical model is validated against existing numerical solutions and is found to be both accurate and efficient. A building model and a model for the pile cap are developed, and are attached to the piled foundation. A case study is used to illustrate a procedure for assessing the vibration performance of pile groups subject to vibration generated by an underground railway. The two-tunnel model uses the superposition of displacement fields to produce a fully coupled model of two infinitely long tunnels embedded in a homogeneous, viscoelastic fullspace. The significance of the interactions occurring between the two tunnels is quantified by calculating the insertion gains that result from the existence of a second tunnel. The results show that a high degree of inaccuracy exists in any underground-railway vibration prediction model that includes only one of the two tunnels present.