The diploma thesis focuses on decision making in business practice. The thesis deals with design of the tool which should make the solution of decision tasks easier by usage of fuzzy logic, decission trees and linear programming.

Test generation procedures for large VLSI designs are required to achieve close to 100% fault coverage using a small number of tests. They also must accommodate on-chip test compression circuits which are widely used in modern designs. To obtain test sets with small sizes one could use extra hardware such as test points or use software techniques. An important aspects impacting test generation is the number of specified positions, which facilitate the encoding of test cubes when using test compression logic. Fortuitous detection or generation of tests such that they facilitate detection of yet not targeted faults, is also an important goal for test generation procedures. At first, we consider the generation of compact test sets for designs using on-chip test compression logic. We introduce two new measures to guide automatic test generation procedures (ATPGs) to balance between these two contradictory requirements of fortuitous detection and number of specifications. One of the new measures is meant to facilitate detection of yet undetected faults, and the value of the measures is periodically updated. The second measure reduces the number of specified positions, which is crucial when using high compression. Additionally, we introduce a way to randomly choose between the two measures. We also propose an ATPG methodology tailored for BIST ready designs with X-bounding logic and test points. X-bounding and test points used to have a significant impact on test data compression by reducing the number of specified positions. We propose a new ATPG guidance mechanism that balances between reduced specifications in BIST ready designs, and also facilitates detection of undetected faults. We also found that compact test generation for BIST ready designs is influenced by the order in which faults are targeted, and we proposed a new fault ordering technique based on fault location in a FFR. Transition faults are difficult to test and often result in longer test lengths, we propose a new fault ordering technique based on test enumeration, this ordering technique and a new guidance approach was also proposed for transition faults. Test set sizes were reduced significantly for both stuck-at and transition fault models. In addition to reducing data volume, test time, and test pin counts, the test compression schemes have been used successfully to limit test power dissipation. Indisputably, toggling of scan cells in scan chains that are universally used to facilitate testing of industrial designs can consume much more power than a circuit is rated for. Balancing test set sizes against the power consumption in a given design is therefore a challenge. We propose a new Design for Test (DFT) scheme that deploys an on-chip power-aware test data decompressor, the corresponding test cube encoding method, and a compression-constrained ATPG that allows loading scan chains with patterns having low transition counts, while encoding a significant number of specified bits produced by ATPG in a compression-friendly manner. Moreover, the new scheme avoids periods of elevated toggling in scan chains and reduces scan unload switching activity due to unique test stimuli produced by the new technique, leading to a significantly reduced power envelope for the entire circuit under test.

[pt] A existência de várias tecnologias para acesso a Internet é uma realidade dos nossos dias. Um subconjunto muito importante destas tecnologias, que segue em pleno desenvolvimento, é o das redes sem fio. Diante das alternativas tecnológicas e da demanda crescente por aplicações multimídia, de preferência com conexões do tipo AAA (Anyone Anywhere Anytime), a interoperação entre diferentes redes de acesso sem fio se torna bastante interessante. Seguindo esta tendência, o IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Eletronics Engineers) realizou a especificação de um protocolo que auxilia o processo de handover entre redes de diferentes tecnologias (handover vertical) chamado IEEE 802.21 conhecido também por MIH (Media Independent Handover). Esta dissertação apresenta um estudo sobre aspectos de gerência de mobilidade e do processo de handover vertical entre as tecnologias UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunication System), WiMax (IEEE 802.16) e WiFi (802.11) através do protocolo IEEE 802.21. Nela, é confeccionada uma proposta teórica de um algoritmo de decisão de handover vertical entre redes sem fio locais e geograficamente distribuídas para uma topologia comumente encontrada atualmente. São realizadas, através do software ns2 (Network Simulator), simulações do handover vertical envolvendo as tecnologias referidas com o suporte do protocolo IEEE 802.21. Ao final, são feitas as análises e conclusões dos resultados obtidos. / [en] A variety of technologies to access the Internet is a reality today. An important subset of these technologies, which follows in full development, is the wireless networks. Given the technological alternatives and increasing demand for multimedia applications, preferably with connections AAA (Anyone Anywhere Anytime), interoperation between different wireless access networks is quite interesting. Following this trend, the IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) held a protocol specification that helps the process of handover between networks of different technologies (vertical handover) called IEEE 802.21 also known as MIH (Media Independent Handover). This work presents a study on aspects of mobility management and vertical handover process between UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunication System), WiMax (IEEE 802.16) and WiFi (802.11) technologies using IEEE 802.21 protocol. In it, there is a theoretical proposal of a decision algorithm for vertical handover between local and geographically distributed wireless networks to a topology commonly found today. Simulations involving vertical handover in these technologies, with the support of the IEEE 802.21 protocol, are performed using the software ns2 (Network Simulator). At the end, analyzes and conclusions of results are made.