Tradiciškai naudojamas dirvos arimas yra daugiausia darbo reikalaujantis ir nenašiausias procesas, kuriam tenka apie 40% ir daugiau visų žemės dirbimo išlaidų. Dėl ilgalaikio žemės arimo ir nuolatinio sunkiųjų žemės ūkio mašinų naudojimo gali atsirasti gilių sukietėjusių ir tankių dirvožemio sluoksnių. Giliai purenant dirvožemį siekiama atkurti prarastas dirvožemio savybes ir išpurenti sutankėjusius dirvos sluoksnius, esančius žemiau už ariamą gylį, jų neapverčiant. Darbo tikslas buvo išanalizuoti tradicinio arimo ir gilaus purenimo įtaką dirvos fizikinėms savybėms, cukrinių runkelių morfometriniams, produktyvumo ir kokybiniams rodikliams. Atlikti tyrimai dirvos kiečio, struktūros ir patvarumo tyrimai. Padarytas dirvos pjūvis, kurio metu analizuota augalų ir dirvos būsena, taip pat nustatyti cukrinių runkelių morfometriniai rodikliai bei jų augimo priklausomybė nuo meteorologinių sąlygų. Giluminis dirvos purenimas sumažins armens sluoksnio ir podirvio kietumą bei struktūrą, taip pat pagerins cukrinių runkelių pasėlio vystymosi sąlygas, produktyvumo ir kokybinius rodiklius. / Traditionally used for plowing the soil is mostly time consuming and least efficient process, which accounts for about 40% or more of the total cultivation costs. The long standing agricultural plowing and heavy machinery use can lead to deep and hardened soil layers thick. Deep loosening of soil to restore the lost soil and loosen compacted soil layers below the depth of the arable, the an invension. The aim was to examine the traditional plowing and hoeing a deep impact on soil physical properties of sugar beet morphometric, productivity and quality indicators. The research on soil hardness and durability of the structure. Incision made in the soil, which analyzed the status of plant and soil, as well as the morphometric characteristics of sugar beet and their growing dependence on weather conditions. Deep soil loosening reduce topsoil and subsoil layer hardness and structure, as well as improve the sugar beet crop conditions for development, productivity and quality indicators.

When soil tillage is possible to use several technologies . In business, ZD Trhový Stepanov a.s.. the use of technology plough (plow) and minimazation (deep loosening) . For each of these types was performed characteristics of individual elements lines and were also calculated their efficiency. In another part of both technologies have been economically evaluated and then compared the cultivation of winter rapeseed and winter wheat in 2013 and 2014.

The diploma thesis deals with the comparison of two technologies for soil cultivation in winter rape and winter wheat growing in 2017 and 2018. The first technology is a conventional technology, or classic using plowing and the second one is a minimization technology, where plowing is replaced by loosening. The work is focused on the comparison of fuel consumption, investment and operating costs, exploitative indicators and machine work quality. Furthermore, the thesis is focused on the description of particular machines and the company of primary agricultural production, where the machine is used.