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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Application of global and regional myocardial deformation using cardiovascular magnetic resonance : an assessment of feature tracking in vivo and using numerical simulation

Almutairi, Haifa Matar H. January 2018 (has links)
Cardiovascular diseases are responsible for approximately a third of all death worldwide, with hypertension being a major risk factor for many of those. Hypertension can lead to left ventricle hypertrophy and diastolic and systolic dysfunction. Myocardial deformation parameters have been shown to have high sensitivity at the early stage of contractile dysfunction. They can be derived from myocardial tagging, considered to be the goldstandard method, or from routinely acquired cine images using feature tracking (FT) techniques. This work aimed to validate FT as a post processing technique. Three FT software packages were used to measure strain parameters in healthy subjects and hypertensive patients in order to assess agreement. Intra- and inter-observer reproducibility was also investigated. The CVI42 software was found to have the best reproducibility. Good agreement across the three software packages and both groups was also observed for circumferential strain calculated from mid-ventricle short axis and longitudinal strain parameters. CVI42 was also compared to the reference tagging analysis by applying both techniques to a healthy and hypertensive patient cohort. Although tagging could discriminate between the two populations (longitudinal strain), no statistically significant differences were found by CVI42. The final validation step was to generate simulation models mimicking simplified cardiac views to compare the experimental results against a true gold-standard for which strain values are known. Two commercial FT software packages were used to analyze the simulated cine images with increasing complexity levels. Both showed inaccurate tracking and high errors compared to analytical values. This indicated that more realistic and complex numerical models should be investigated. Although FT is a relatively new and promising technique, the results demonstrated that it still requires going through standardization to better understand inter-vendor variability.
2

Exame da interferência coulombiana-nuclear no espalhamento inelástico de dêuterons por isótopos pares de Pd / Examination Coulomb-nuclear Interference Inelastic Scattering Deuterons Pairs Pd Isotopes

Rodrigues, Marcia Regina Dias 26 May 2004 (has links)
Distribuições angulares associadas ao espalhamento inelástico de dêuterons de 13,0 MeV em ANTPOT. 104,106,108,110. Pd foram obtidas utilizando o sistemas Pelletron-Espectrógrafo Magnético Enge com detecção em placas de emulsão nuclear no plano focal. A Análise da Interferência Nuclear Coulombiana (INC) associada ao espalhamento inelástico com dêuterons, projéteis que interagem isoescalarmente com o núcleo, na excitação do primeiro estado quadrupolar, foi realizada na descrição DWBA-DOMP utilizando potenciais ópticos globais. O ajuste das previsões sobre as distribuições angulares experimentais foi realizado pela minimização do X POT. 2 através do método interativo de Gauss, permitindo a extração dos parâmetros correlacionados: delta POT. N IND. 2, comprimento de deformação de carga nuclear e C= delta POT. N IND. 2/delta POT. N IND. 2, razão entre os comprimentos de deformação de carga e nuclear. Testes estatísticos através da simulação de Monte Carlo de 5000 novos conjuntos de dados comprovaram a qualidade da metodologia aplicada. Os valores extraídos da probabilidade reduzida de transição isoescalar B (IS2) e da razão B(E2)/B(IS2) no presente trabalho são inéditos e permitem uma análise da evolução da coletividade ao longo da cadeia de Pd. Os resultados obtidos indicam para o ANTPOT. 106 Pd e ANTPOT. 110 Pd deformações de carga e massa iguais, conforme usualmente proposto, ao contrário dos 104, 108Pd, onde existem indícios de uma maior contribuição dos prótons em relação aos nêutrons. Comparando os núcleos estudados no presente com resultados de medidas de INC em espalhamentos inelásticos com projéteis de características isoescalares, na região de A 100 medidos em São Paulo, considerando os isótonos medidos, o ANTPOT. 104 Pd, da mesma maneira que seu isótono ANTPOT. 102 Ru, apresenta na primeira excitação quadrupolar uma maior contribuição de prótons em relação aos nêutrons. ) O ANTPOT. 106 Pd entretanto revela uma possível diluição desse comportamento não homogêneo, em contraste com o seu isótono ANTPOT. 104 Ru para o qual salienta-se uma maior contribuição dos prótons. Acompanhando a evolução dos valores experimentais da razão B(E2)/B(IS2) , verifica-se que para os isótopos pares de Ru há um crescimento quando N aumenta, enquanto o comportamento é diferenciado para os isótopos pares de Pd. Os valores da razão B(E2)/B(IS2) variam de cerca de 1,1 e POT. 2(ANTPOT. 106,110 Pd e ANTPOT. 100 Ru), a e POT. 2 para o modelo coletivo homogêneo. Dentro deste contexto conclui-se que os nêutrons devem ser responsáveis por alguns efeitos importantes fora da interpretação do modelo coletivo simples. / Angular distributions for the inelastic scattering of 13.0 MeV deuterons on ANTPOT.104, 106, 108, 110 Pd were measured with the Pelletron-Enge-Spectrograph facility using as detectors nuclear emulsion plates on the focal plane. A Coulomb-Nuclear Interference (CNI) analysis was applied to the inelastic scattering of deuterons, an isoscalar projectile, to the first quadrupolar excitation, employing the DWBA-DOMP description, under well-established global optical parameters. The fit of the predicted cross sections to the experimental data through the X POT.2 minimization, using the iterative method of Gauss, allowed for the extraction of the correlated parameters, delta POT.N IND.2, the mass deformation lengths. Statistical tests, through a Monte Carlo simulation of 5000 new data sets, validated the method employed. The values of B(IS2) and of the ratios B(E2)/B(IS2) obtained in the present work have not been reported before and allow to follow the evolution of the collectivity throughout the Pd chain. For ANTPOT.104, 108 Pd, the results reveal a non-homogeneous behavior, with an enhanced contribution of the protons relative to the neutrons, while a less pronounced effect is found for ANTPOT.106, 110 Pd. Comparing the nuclei studied in the present work with the nucleus formerly investigated by the São Paulo group in the A ~ 100 region with the CNI methodology through the inelastic scattering of isoscalar projectiles, considering the isotones, the nucleus ANTPOT.102 Ru (isotone of ANTPOT.104 Pd) also shows a more important contribution of protons than of neutrons to the first quadrupolar excitation. However, its neighbor. ANTPOT.104 Ru, presents a rather strong non-homogeneous behavior, also in favor of the protons, in contrast to that of its isotone, ANTPOT.106 Pd. Following the evolution of B(E2)/B(IS2) ratios along the isotopic chains, for the even Ru isotopes there is a growth as N increases, while for the even Pd isotopes a different behavior emerges. The values of the B(E2)/B(IS2) ratio vary from around 1.1 e POT.2 (ANTPOT.106, 110 Pd and ANTPOT.100 Ru) to approximately 1.6 e POT.2 (ANTPOT.104 Ru), in contrary to the expectation of the B(E2)/B(IS2) ~1 predicted by the homogeneous collective model. These facts pointed out that, in this mass region, neutrons may be responsible for some interesting effects outside the simple collective interpretation.
3

Exame da interferência coulombiana-nuclear no espalhamento inelástico de dêuterons por isótopos pares de Pd / Examination Coulomb-nuclear Interference Inelastic Scattering Deuterons Pairs Pd Isotopes

Marcia Regina Dias Rodrigues 26 May 2004 (has links)
Distribuições angulares associadas ao espalhamento inelástico de dêuterons de 13,0 MeV em ANTPOT. 104,106,108,110. Pd foram obtidas utilizando o sistemas Pelletron-Espectrógrafo Magnético Enge com detecção em placas de emulsão nuclear no plano focal. A Análise da Interferência Nuclear Coulombiana (INC) associada ao espalhamento inelástico com dêuterons, projéteis que interagem isoescalarmente com o núcleo, na excitação do primeiro estado quadrupolar, foi realizada na descrição DWBA-DOMP utilizando potenciais ópticos globais. O ajuste das previsões sobre as distribuições angulares experimentais foi realizado pela minimização do X POT. 2 através do método interativo de Gauss, permitindo a extração dos parâmetros correlacionados: delta POT. N IND. 2, comprimento de deformação de carga nuclear e C= delta POT. N IND. 2/delta POT. N IND. 2, razão entre os comprimentos de deformação de carga e nuclear. Testes estatísticos através da simulação de Monte Carlo de 5000 novos conjuntos de dados comprovaram a qualidade da metodologia aplicada. Os valores extraídos da probabilidade reduzida de transição isoescalar B (IS2) e da razão B(E2)/B(IS2) no presente trabalho são inéditos e permitem uma análise da evolução da coletividade ao longo da cadeia de Pd. Os resultados obtidos indicam para o ANTPOT. 106 Pd e ANTPOT. 110 Pd deformações de carga e massa iguais, conforme usualmente proposto, ao contrário dos 104, 108Pd, onde existem indícios de uma maior contribuição dos prótons em relação aos nêutrons. Comparando os núcleos estudados no presente com resultados de medidas de INC em espalhamentos inelásticos com projéteis de características isoescalares, na região de A 100 medidos em São Paulo, considerando os isótonos medidos, o ANTPOT. 104 Pd, da mesma maneira que seu isótono ANTPOT. 102 Ru, apresenta na primeira excitação quadrupolar uma maior contribuição de prótons em relação aos nêutrons. ) O ANTPOT. 106 Pd entretanto revela uma possível diluição desse comportamento não homogêneo, em contraste com o seu isótono ANTPOT. 104 Ru para o qual salienta-se uma maior contribuição dos prótons. Acompanhando a evolução dos valores experimentais da razão B(E2)/B(IS2) , verifica-se que para os isótopos pares de Ru há um crescimento quando N aumenta, enquanto o comportamento é diferenciado para os isótopos pares de Pd. Os valores da razão B(E2)/B(IS2) variam de cerca de 1,1 e POT. 2(ANTPOT. 106,110 Pd e ANTPOT. 100 Ru), a e POT. 2 para o modelo coletivo homogêneo. Dentro deste contexto conclui-se que os nêutrons devem ser responsáveis por alguns efeitos importantes fora da interpretação do modelo coletivo simples. / Angular distributions for the inelastic scattering of 13.0 MeV deuterons on ANTPOT.104, 106, 108, 110 Pd were measured with the Pelletron-Enge-Spectrograph facility using as detectors nuclear emulsion plates on the focal plane. A Coulomb-Nuclear Interference (CNI) analysis was applied to the inelastic scattering of deuterons, an isoscalar projectile, to the first quadrupolar excitation, employing the DWBA-DOMP description, under well-established global optical parameters. The fit of the predicted cross sections to the experimental data through the X POT.2 minimization, using the iterative method of Gauss, allowed for the extraction of the correlated parameters, delta POT.N IND.2, the mass deformation lengths. Statistical tests, through a Monte Carlo simulation of 5000 new data sets, validated the method employed. The values of B(IS2) and of the ratios B(E2)/B(IS2) obtained in the present work have not been reported before and allow to follow the evolution of the collectivity throughout the Pd chain. For ANTPOT.104, 108 Pd, the results reveal a non-homogeneous behavior, with an enhanced contribution of the protons relative to the neutrons, while a less pronounced effect is found for ANTPOT.106, 110 Pd. Comparing the nuclei studied in the present work with the nucleus formerly investigated by the São Paulo group in the A ~ 100 region with the CNI methodology through the inelastic scattering of isoscalar projectiles, considering the isotones, the nucleus ANTPOT.102 Ru (isotone of ANTPOT.104 Pd) also shows a more important contribution of protons than of neutrons to the first quadrupolar excitation. However, its neighbor. ANTPOT.104 Ru, presents a rather strong non-homogeneous behavior, also in favor of the protons, in contrast to that of its isotone, ANTPOT.106 Pd. Following the evolution of B(E2)/B(IS2) ratios along the isotopic chains, for the even Ru isotopes there is a growth as N increases, while for the even Pd isotopes a different behavior emerges. The values of the B(E2)/B(IS2) ratio vary from around 1.1 e POT.2 (ANTPOT.106, 110 Pd and ANTPOT.100 Ru) to approximately 1.6 e POT.2 (ANTPOT.104 Ru), in contrary to the expectation of the B(E2)/B(IS2) ~1 predicted by the homogeneous collective model. These facts pointed out that, in this mass region, neutrons may be responsible for some interesting effects outside the simple collective interpretation.
4

Studium fyzikálně-mechanických vlastností krystalinických hornin ve vztahu k plánovanému hlubinnému úložišti radioaktivních odpadů / Physico-mechanical properties of crystalline rocks associated with planned deep geological repository for a radioactive waste

Havlíčková, Dagmar Unknown Date (has links)
The Czech deep repository development programme resulted in identification of several localities with favourable geological conditions. The Czech concept of a deep repository construction targets on crystalline host rocks. The dissertation focuses on combined petrographic and physico-mechanical properties (rebound hardness, uniaxial and triaxial compressive strength, indirect tensile strength) of crystalline rocks (durbachite, ganulite) from the most favoured localities – Horka near Velké Meziříčí and Kraví hora near Dolní Rožínka.
5

Estudo da interferência nuclear coulombiana nos isótopos de germânio / Study of interference nuclear Coulomb the isotopes of germanium.

Barbosa, Marcel Dupret Lopes 28 September 2001 (has links)
O estudo de características de isospin na excitação do estado 2 POT.+IND.1 foi implementado nos núcleos ANTPOT.70, 72, 74 Ge com a realização de medidas de espalhamento inelástico na região de interferência nuclear coulombiana (INC) com ANTPOT.6 Li de 28 MeV. A análise da INC, utilizando projéteis leves de interação isoescalar, na excitação de estados coletivos é uma ferramenta poderosa para evidenciar mudanças de estrutura em cadeias de núcleos, e fornecer resultados robustos para testes de modelos. A principal vantagem do método é a extração simultânea dos parâmetros de deformação de carga e massa das transições, minimizando as incertezas na razão entre as probabilidades reduzidas de transição elétrica e de massa, B(El) e B(ISl), indicadores importantes da coletividade dos estados nucleares. A análise foi realizada na aproximação de Born com ondas distorcidas e potencial óptico deformado (DWBA-DOMP), usando um conjunto de parâmetros de potencial óptico global. Os ajustes das previsões à distribuições angulares, empregando o método interativo de Gauss, exibiram excelente qualidade. Os parâmetros correlacionados extraídos na minimização do chi-quadrado, delta IND.n(comprimento de deformação nuclear) e C=delta IND.c/delta IND.n (razão entre os comprimentos de deformação de carga e nuclear), e suas incertezas, foram submetidos a testes estatísticos que os validaram. Dentre as grandezas determinadas a partir desses parâmetros, os valores de B(IS2), inéditos nos isótopos de Ge, mostraram uma mudança de estrutura não evidenciada pelos valores de B(E2). A probabilidade reduzida de transição isoescalar cresceu com o incremento do número de nêutrons, com um aumento abrupto no ANTPOT.74 Ge. Já a probabilidade reduzida de transição elétrica aumentou de maneira mais suave. Essa diferença de comportamento foi um reflexo da variação do parâmetro extraído C, que no ANTPOT.74 Ge indicou uma ) contribuição maior dos nêutrons frente aos prótons na excitação do primeiro estado quadrupolar. Os isótopos ANTPOT.70, 72 Ge, por outro lado, revelaram contribuições equivalentes e homogêneas para essas transições. Com a determinação precisa das contribuições de massa e de carga para a excitação do primeiro estado quadrupolar, novos subsídios estão disponíveis para futuros cálculos. / The analysis of the isospin character of the 2 POT.+ IND.1 excitation in the ANTPOT.70,72,74 Ge nuclei, with 28 MeV ANTPOT.6 Li, was applied to the inelastic scattering in the coulomb nuclear interference (CNI) region. The CNI measurements in the exitation of collective states with light isoscalar projectiles are powerful tools to evidence structure changes in nuclei chains, allowing tests of nuclear models. In this method the simultaneous extraction of the charge and mass deformation parameters, minimizes the uncertainties in the ratio of charge B(El) to mass B(ISl) trasition reduced probabilities, wich are important indicators of the nuclear collectivity. The present analysis was developed in the framework of the distorted wave Born approximation within a deformed optical potential approach (DWBA-DOMP), using a set of global optical model parameters. Excellent quality fits of the predictions to the experimental angular distributions, employing the Gauss iterative method, were obtained. The correlated parameters delta IND.N (nuclear deformation length) and C = delta IND.C/delta IND.N (ratio of charge to nuclear deformation lenghts), and their uncertainties extracted in the least squares method, were validated by statistical tests. The B(IS2) values for germanium isotopes, not previously reported, were determined in the analysis and revealed a structure change not evidenced by the B(E2) values. The isoscalar transition reduced probability raises when the neutron number increases, showing in the ANTPOT.74 Ge an abrupt enhancement. Nevertheless, the eletric transition reduced probability grows smoothly. This behavior was detected following the experimental extracted C parameters, indicating in the heavier isotope a predominance of neutrons in the first quadrupolar excitation. The ANTPOT.70,72 Ge isotopes, on the other hand, displayed equivalent and homogeneous contributions of protoons and neutrons. New information on mass and charge contributions for the 0 POT.+ IND.1 -> 2 POT.+ IND.1 transition, in the germanium isotopes, is now available for future theoretical interpretation.
6

Estudo da interferência nuclear coulombiana nos isótopos de germânio / Study of interference nuclear Coulomb the isotopes of germanium.

Marcel Dupret Lopes Barbosa 28 September 2001 (has links)
O estudo de características de isospin na excitação do estado 2 POT.+IND.1 foi implementado nos núcleos ANTPOT.70, 72, 74 Ge com a realização de medidas de espalhamento inelástico na região de interferência nuclear coulombiana (INC) com ANTPOT.6 Li de 28 MeV. A análise da INC, utilizando projéteis leves de interação isoescalar, na excitação de estados coletivos é uma ferramenta poderosa para evidenciar mudanças de estrutura em cadeias de núcleos, e fornecer resultados robustos para testes de modelos. A principal vantagem do método é a extração simultânea dos parâmetros de deformação de carga e massa das transições, minimizando as incertezas na razão entre as probabilidades reduzidas de transição elétrica e de massa, B(El) e B(ISl), indicadores importantes da coletividade dos estados nucleares. A análise foi realizada na aproximação de Born com ondas distorcidas e potencial óptico deformado (DWBA-DOMP), usando um conjunto de parâmetros de potencial óptico global. Os ajustes das previsões à distribuições angulares, empregando o método interativo de Gauss, exibiram excelente qualidade. Os parâmetros correlacionados extraídos na minimização do chi-quadrado, delta IND.n(comprimento de deformação nuclear) e C=delta IND.c/delta IND.n (razão entre os comprimentos de deformação de carga e nuclear), e suas incertezas, foram submetidos a testes estatísticos que os validaram. Dentre as grandezas determinadas a partir desses parâmetros, os valores de B(IS2), inéditos nos isótopos de Ge, mostraram uma mudança de estrutura não evidenciada pelos valores de B(E2). A probabilidade reduzida de transição isoescalar cresceu com o incremento do número de nêutrons, com um aumento abrupto no ANTPOT.74 Ge. Já a probabilidade reduzida de transição elétrica aumentou de maneira mais suave. Essa diferença de comportamento foi um reflexo da variação do parâmetro extraído C, que no ANTPOT.74 Ge indicou uma ) contribuição maior dos nêutrons frente aos prótons na excitação do primeiro estado quadrupolar. Os isótopos ANTPOT.70, 72 Ge, por outro lado, revelaram contribuições equivalentes e homogêneas para essas transições. Com a determinação precisa das contribuições de massa e de carga para a excitação do primeiro estado quadrupolar, novos subsídios estão disponíveis para futuros cálculos. / The analysis of the isospin character of the 2 POT.+ IND.1 excitation in the ANTPOT.70,72,74 Ge nuclei, with 28 MeV ANTPOT.6 Li, was applied to the inelastic scattering in the coulomb nuclear interference (CNI) region. The CNI measurements in the exitation of collective states with light isoscalar projectiles are powerful tools to evidence structure changes in nuclei chains, allowing tests of nuclear models. In this method the simultaneous extraction of the charge and mass deformation parameters, minimizes the uncertainties in the ratio of charge B(El) to mass B(ISl) trasition reduced probabilities, wich are important indicators of the nuclear collectivity. The present analysis was developed in the framework of the distorted wave Born approximation within a deformed optical potential approach (DWBA-DOMP), using a set of global optical model parameters. Excellent quality fits of the predictions to the experimental angular distributions, employing the Gauss iterative method, were obtained. The correlated parameters delta IND.N (nuclear deformation length) and C = delta IND.C/delta IND.N (ratio of charge to nuclear deformation lenghts), and their uncertainties extracted in the least squares method, were validated by statistical tests. The B(IS2) values for germanium isotopes, not previously reported, were determined in the analysis and revealed a structure change not evidenced by the B(E2) values. The isoscalar transition reduced probability raises when the neutron number increases, showing in the ANTPOT.74 Ge an abrupt enhancement. Nevertheless, the eletric transition reduced probability grows smoothly. This behavior was detected following the experimental extracted C parameters, indicating in the heavier isotope a predominance of neutrons in the first quadrupolar excitation. The ANTPOT.70,72 Ge isotopes, on the other hand, displayed equivalent and homogeneous contributions of protoons and neutrons. New information on mass and charge contributions for the 0 POT.+ IND.1 -> 2 POT.+ IND.1 transition, in the germanium isotopes, is now available for future theoretical interpretation.
7

Korelace parametrů vybraných typů hornin na základě laboratorních zkoušek / Correlations of parameters of selected rock types based on laboratory tests

Závacký, Martin Unknown Date (has links)
The dissertation thesis deals with the properties of hard rocks important for designing geotechnical structures, such as strength and deformation characteristics, as well as rock failure criteria. This work examines the possibility of using correlation relations to estimate the strength characteristics of rocks from index tests, which can make the rock testing process more efficient. The author described selected laboratory tests of rocks and identified several limitations of the tests procedures based on his own practical experience. The correlation analysis of an extensive data set and the derivation of regression relations for selected dependencies were performed. Furthermore, the rock strength estimation quality of the newly derived regressions was compared with the already published regressions. The analysis shows that the achieved degree of correlation is not sufficient to generalize the examined regressions. A significant reason of the low degree of correlation is the combination of the variability of rock properties and limitations of practical testing procedures. Thus, focus should be paid on calibration of the regression relationships within smaller areas in order to precisely estimate the rock properties as reliable input to the geotechnical design.
8

Vliv účinků poddolování na volbu typu nosné konstrukce mostu v km 332,420 trati Dětmarovice - Č. Těšín / Influence Selecting the Type of the Bridge Structure at km 332,420 of Railway Dětmarovice-Český Těšín by the Effects of Undermining

Chaloupka, Martin January 2012 (has links)
The aim of the master’s thesis was t odevelop alternative solutions supporting steel structure of the railway bridge on the undermined area. The range of single fields were chosen based on the location of existing substructures. Reducing the width of bridge openings were not allowed. Based on the geodetic survey plans were drawn up clear of the current state. On the basis of specifications for developing a detailed process was chosen variant Gerber’s beam reinforced with an arch in mean field. For this variant was performed structural analysis of the main parts of the main structure of the bridge, which was calculated with the effects of undermining. For variant Gerber’s beam were made clear drawings and drawing details of the selected steel bridge construction (new state). Further, detailed analysis of selected structural detail was made. Specifically, connecting rod to the main beam, which was designed optimal shape and thickness of the joints plate with a suitable radius of the firing to avoid plastification of the material in this area. Variant of the continuous beam without joints was prepared to. It has been observed, what is the effect of undermining on the stress in the construction of the bridge - was confronted with the effects on Gerber’s beam. To reduce stress in the construction of the bridge and compliance of ultimate state of applicability of the main beam has been designed bearing adjustment and after considering several options its implementation too. The economic comparison between the two variants was conducted. The assembling procedure was designed for both types of bridge structures. In the technical report we can read about due to the intention of building a new bridge and further we can find there other important technical information. In conclusion of the master’s thesis there has been recommended for the construction specific variant – from the perspective of an investor, and from the static aspect-view of the designer.

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