Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:01:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DouglasNS.pdf: 627007 bytes, checksum: b05193ec4ef1bbecaf4b2d739179e597 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2002-10-10 / Photo-oxidation processes of toxic organic compounds have been widely studied. This work seeks the application of the photo-Fenton process for the degradation of hydrocarbons in water. The gasoline found in the refinery, without additives and alcohol, was used as the model pollutant. The effects of the concentration of the following substances have been properly evaluated: hydrogen peroxide (100-200 mM), iron ions (0.5-1 mM) and sodium chloride (200 2000 ppm). The experiments were accomplished in reactor with UV lamp and in a falling film solar reactor. The photo-oxidation process was monitored by measurements of the absorption spectra, total organic carbon (TOC) and chemical oxygen demand (COD). Experimental results demonstrated that the photo-Fenton process is feasible for the treatment of wastewaters containing aliphatic hydrocarbons, inclusive in the presence of salts. These conditions are similar to the water produced by the petroleum fields, generated in the extraction and production of petroleum. A neural network model of process correlated well the observed data for the photooxidation process of hydrocarbons / Processos de fotooxida??o de compostos org?nicos t?xicos t?m sido bastante estudados. Este trabalho trata da aplica??o do processo foto-Fenton para a degrada??o de hidrocarbonetos em ?gua. A gasolina de refinaria, sem aditivos e ?lcool, foi usada como poluente modelo. O efeito das concentra??es dos seguintes compostos foi avaliado: per?xido de hidrog?nio (100-200mM), ?ons ferrosos (0,5-1,0mM) e cloreto de s?dio (200-2000ppm). Os experimentos foram realizados em um reator com l?mpada UV e em um reator solar tipo filme descendente. O processo de foto-oxida??o foi monitorado por medidas do espectro de absor??o, carbono org?nico total (TOC) e demanda qu?mica de oxig?nio (DQO). Os resultados experimentais demonstram que o processo foto-Fenton ? vi?vel para o tratamento de efluentes contendo hidrocarbonetos alif?ticos, inclusive na presen?a de sais, sob condi??es similares ?s das ?guas de produ??o de campos de petr?leo, geradas na extra??o e produ??o de petr?leo. Um modelo do processo, baseado em redes neurais, correlacionou bem os dados observados para o processo de fotooxida??o de hidrocarbonetos

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:01:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 OtideneRSR_DISSERT.pdf: 1647726 bytes, checksum: 2a45d120fb2b82e3a84f67c77eff85a3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-09-01 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico / The petroleum industry deals with problems which are difficult to solve because of their relation to environmental issues. This is because amounts of residue are generated which vary in type and danger level. The soil contamination by non aqueous liquid phase mixtures, specifically hydrocarbon petroleum has been a reason for great concern, mainly the aromatic and polycyclic aromatic, which present risk to human health due to its carcinogenic and mutagenic character. The Advanced Oxidative Processes (AOP) are efficient technologies for destruction of organic compounds of difficult degradation and, often, they are present in low concentrations. They can be considered clean technologies, because there is no formation of solid by-products or the transfer of pollutor phases. This work focuses on the study of the degradation of petroleum industrial waste, by Advanced Oxidation Processes. Treatments tackling petroleum residues, contaminated soil, and water occurring in the production of petroleum reached the following Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH) degradation levels: solid residues 100% in 96 treatment hours; water residue - 100% in 6 treatment hours; soil contamination (COT degradation) - 50.3% in 12 treatment hours. AOP were effective in dealing with petroleum residues thus revealing themselves to be a promising treatment alternative / A ind?stria de petr?leo lida com problemas de dif?cil solu??o em rela??o ?s atividades voltadas para a prote??o ambiental, devido ? gera??o de res?duos de diversos tipos e n?veis de periculosidade. A contamina??o do solo por compostos de fase l?quida n?o aquosa, especificamente os hidrocarbonetos de petr?leo tem sido motivo de preocupa??o, principalmente os arom?ticos e poliarom?ticos, apresentam risco ? sa?de humana devido a seu car?ter carcinog?nico e mutag?nico. Os Processos Oxidativos Avan?ados (POA) s?o tecnologias eficientes para destrui??o de compostos org?nicos de dif?cil degrada??o biol?gica e, muitas vezes, presentes em baixas concentra??es. Podem ser consideradas tecnologias limpas, pois n?o h? a forma??o de subprodutos s?lidos e nem a transfer?ncia de fase dos poluentes. O objetivo desse trabalho foi estudar a degrada??o de res?duos da ind?stria de petr?leo, por Processos Oxidativos Avan?ados. Foram realizados tratamentos de borra de petr?leo, solo contaminado com petr?leo e ?gua de produ??o de petr?leo alcan?ando uma degrada??o de Hidrocarbonetos Polic?clicos Arom?ticos (HPA) de 100 % em 96 horas de tratamento para a borra, 100% em 6 horas de tratamento para ?gua de produ??o de petr?leo e uma degrada??o de Carbono Org?nico Total (COT) de 50,3% em 12 horas de tratamento para o solo contaminado com petr?leo. Os POA foram eficientes no tratamento de res?duos de petr?leo apresentando-se como uma alternativa promissora no tratamento desses res?duos