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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

The metabolism of carbofuran in active soils and its responses to enzyme inhibitors

Talebi, Khalil January 1989 (has links)
No description available.
2

Restoration of degraded land a comparison of structural and functional measurements of recovery /

Heckman, John Richard. January 1997 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1997. / Title from PDF title page (viewed on Dec. 13, 2005). Includes bibliographical references.
3

Soil Degradation of Raised-beds on Orchards in the Mekong Delta Field and Laboratory Methods

Pham Van, Quang January 2013 (has links)
Soil degradation is a complex process which may occur anywhere and at any time. It directly affects the physical, chemical and biological processes within the soil profile. Soil degradation can either be as a result of natural hazards or due to manmade actions, such as mismanagement on cropping patterns, soil preparation and cultivation practices. Regardless of how it is caused, soil degradation has strong negative effects on plant and soil productivity. Soil degradation can accelerate a series of processes such as erosion, compaction, loss of organic matter, loss of whole soil biota, surface sealing and contamination. This thesis presents the assessment of soil properties to improve our understanding of soil degradation on raised-bed orchards in the Vietnamese Mekong delta (MD). Measurements were made on 10 citrus plantations which had been established during a range of years from 1970 to 1998 at Hau Giang province. Soil sampling was made in the dry season of 2010 at two soil depths for each raised-bed to determine soil chemical and physical properties. The soil penetration resistance (PR) was periodically measured once a week together with soil sampling for moisture measurements during a period of 5 months. Analysis indicated the pH value of the soil was tending to decrease, nutrient imbalance and deficiency was developing, and the soil structure was deteriorating during the age since the raised-beds were originally constructed. Preventive and restorative measures need to be considered for restoring and retaining the quality of the soil and the ground water. These measures should consist of (1) neutralizing of excess acidity, (2) balancing of nutrients, (3) maintaining of soil organic matter, and (4) application of appropriate irrigation schedules. / Suy thoái đất là một tiến trình phức tạp xuất hiện ở mọi nơi, mọi lúc làm tác động trực tiếpđến các quá trình lý, hóa và sinh học trong phẫu diện đất. Nó có thể là kết quả của các hoạtđộng do tự nhiên hoặc do con người như sử dụng sai hoặc thực hành quản lý đất đai bất hợplý. Cho dù nguyên nhân thế nào chăng nữa, suy thoái đất cũng gây ra các ảnh hưởng bất lợinặng nề lên cây trồng và sức sản suất của đất. Suy thoái đất có thể thúc đẩy hàng loạt cácquá trình như là xói mòn, nén dẽ, mất vật liệu hữu cơ và sinh vật đất, đóng váng bề mặt vàô nhiễm. Luận văn này trình bày sự đánh giá về các đặc tính của đất để mở mang sự hiểubiết về suy thoái đất trên các vườn cây ăn trái ở đồng bằng sông Cửu Long. Thí nghiệmthực hiện trên 10 vườn cam quít với khoảng thời gian thành lập vườn từ 1970 đến 1998 tạitỉnh Hậu Giang. Mẫu đất được lấy vào mùa khô năm 2010 ở hai độ sâu cho mỗi vườn đểphân tích các chỉ tiêu lý hóa đất. Sức kháng xuyên của đất được đo định kỳ mỗi tuần kếthợp với lấy mẫu để xác định ẩm độ đất trong suốt khoảng thời gian 5 tháng. Kết quả phântích cho thấy pH đất có khuynh hướng giảm, sự thiếu và mất cân bằng dinh dưỡng đất ngàycàng lộ rõ, và cấu trúc đất đang xấu đi theo độ tuổi của vườn. Các biện pháp phòng ngừa vàphục hồi cần được quan tâm đối với việc phục hồi và duy trì chất lượng của đất và nướcngầm. Các biện pháp nên bao gồm (1) trung hòa độ chua đất, (2) cân bằng dinh dưỡng, (3)duy trì vật liệu hữu cơ trong đất, và (4) áp dụng chế độ tưới thích hợp. / <p>QC 20130909</p>
4

Rizika polutantů v půdě a jejich vliv na zdraví lidí / The hazards of soil pollutants and their effects on the human health

ŠVEHLOVÁ, Jana January 2009 (has links)
Good soil condition belongs to the basic requirements of well-ballanced environment. That is why the soil has to correspond to hygienic requirements and be protected against substances harmful to human health, e.g. toxic materials, germs of transmissible illnesses and parasites. The most common cause of soil contamination is anthropogenic incidence. Contaminated soil belongs to waste and has to be removed in a proper way. is A special way of waste removal is soil decontamination. Its goal is to remove harmful substances and regain the original use of the soil.
5

Sledování vlivu simulované intenzity deště na zeminu zatíženou splachovými vodami metodou EIS / Monitoring the impact of simulated rainfall on soil with flushing water by EIS method

Slezák, Jakub January 2015 (has links)
The diploma thesis with name “Monitoring the Impact of Simulated Rainfall on Soil with Flushing Water by EIS Method” deals with the problems of soil degradation due to salinization and sodification in consequence of infiltration of flushing waters from roads during winter maintenance. This experiment was realized in laboratories of the Institute of water structures of the Faculty of Civil engineering at Brno University of Technology and researched the influence of simulated rainfall on degraded soil by method of electrical impedance spectrometry (EIS). The thesis follows the solution of projects in international EUREKA program.
6

Lixiviação, mobilidade, degradação, mineralização e atividade microbiana de herbicidas em função de atributos de cinco tipos de solos / Leaching, mobility degradation, mineralization and microbial activity of herbicides on the basis of five attributes of soil types

Dias, Ana Carolina Ribeiro 16 May 2012 (has links)
O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a mobilidade, lixiviação, degradação, mineralização e mineralização da 14C-glicose para os herbicidas diuron, hexazinona, diuron + hexazinona e metribuzin em cinco classes de solo. Objetivouse também avaliar a existência de associação da lixiviação, mobilidade, mineralização e mineralização da 14C-glicose entre o teor de argila, capacidade de troca de cátions (CTC), matéria orgânica (MO) e carbono orgânico (CO). Todos os estudos foram realizados no Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia do CENA/USP utilizando as normas da Organisation For Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) para os estudos de lixiviação, degradação, mineralização e mineralização da 14Cglicose e as normas da Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) para o estudo de mobilidade. Os solos foram coletados na camada de 0 a 0,10 m de profundidade e classificados como Latossolo Vermelho eutrófico (LVe), Latossolo Vermelho Amarelo distrófico (LVAd), Nitossolo Háplico eutrófico (NXe), Argissolo Vermelho Amarelo eutrófico (PVAe) e Neossolo Quartzarenico órtico (RQo). Para os estudos de mobilidade, os herbicidas apresentaram a seguinte ordem quanto a mobilidade: hexazinona metribuzin diuron + hexazinona diuron. A mobilidade dos herbicidas diuron, hexazinona e diuron + hexazinona apresentaram associação inversa com a CTC e com o teor de argila. O metribuzin apresenta associação inversa com MO e argila dos solos. A mineralização dos herbicidas diuron, hexazinona, diuron + hexazinona e metribuzin foram diferentes para cada tipo de solo estudado, sendo maior nos solos com maiores teores de argila. Os herbicidas apresentaram a seguinte ordem decrescente para lixiviação: LVe: hexazinona diuron + hexazinona metribuzin diuron; LVAd: diuron + hexazinona metribuzin diuron hexazinona; NXe: diuron + hexazinona diuron metribuzin hexazinona; PVAe e RQo: hexazinona diuron + hexazinona diuron metribuzin, evidenciando que os herbicidas estudados apresentam maior ou menor lixiviação de acordo com o tipo de solo. A lixiviação do herbicida diuron apresentou associação inversa com o teor de argila; o hexazinona com a CTC; o diuron + hexazinona com a CTC e com o teor de argila; o metribuzin não apresentou associação significativa entre o teor de argila, matéria orgânica, CTC e carbono orgânico, ou seja, neste estudo essas variáveis não explicaram a lixiviação deste herbicida. A mineralização do diuron apresentou associação com a CTC, CO, MO e teor de argila. Já a mineralização do hexazinona, diuron + hexazinona e metribuzin apresentaram associação inversa com o teor de argila. Não foi observado que a presença dos herbicidas diuron, hexazinone, diuron + hexazinone e metribuzin nos solos estudados tiveram efeito na atividade microbiana não interferindo na mineralização da 14C-glicose. A mineralização da 14C-glicose na presença do diuron não apresentou associação com nenhum atributo físico-químico estudado. Já o diuron + hexazinona apresentou associação inversa com a MO. O metribuzin apresentou associação direta com o CO e CTC. E a hexazinona apresentou associação inversa com a MO, teor de argila, CTC e ao CO dos solos. / The present study aimed to evaluate the mobility, leaching, degradation, mineralization and mineralization of 14C-glucose to the herbicides diuron, hexazinone, diuron + hexazinone and metribuzin on five soil types. We will also evaluate the possible association of leaching, mobility, mineralization and mineralization of 14C-glucose between the clay content, cation exchange capacity (CEC), organic matter (OM) and organic carbon (OC). All studies were performed at the Laboratory of Ecotoxicology of CENA / USP standards using the \"Organisation For Economic Co-operation and Development\" (OECD) for studies of leaching, degradation, mineralization and mineralization of 14C-glucose and standards \"Environmental Protection Agency \"(APS) for the study of mobility. Soil samples were collected in the 0 to 0.10 m depth were classified according the Brazilian System of soil classification as Latossolo Vermelho eutrófico (LVe), Latossolo Vermelho Amarelo distrófico (LVAd), Nitossolo Háplico eutrófico (NXe), Argissolo Vermelho Amarelo eutrófico (PVAe) and Neossolo Quartzarenico órtico (RQo), respectively. For mobility studies, herbicides followed the order and mobility: hexazinone metribuzin diuron + hexazinone diuron. The mobility of diuron, hexazinone and diuron + hexazinone inversely associated with the CEC and clay content. The metribuzin has an inverse association with organic matter and clay soils. Herbicides were the following descending order to leaching: LVe: hexazinone diuron + hexazinone metribuzin diuron; LVAd: diuron + hexazinone metribuzin diuron hexazinone; NXE: diuron + hexazinone diuron metribuzin hexazinone; PVAe and RQo: hexazinone diuron + hexazinone diuron metribuzin, showing that the herbicides are more or less leaching according to the type of soil. The leaching of the herbicide diuron were inversely related to clay content, the hexazinone with CTC, diuron + hexazinone with the CEC and clay content, the metribuzin showed no significant association between the clay content, organic matter, CEC and organic carbon, ie, in this study these variables did not explain the leaching of this herbicide. The mineralization of diuron, hexazinone, diuron + hexazinone and metribuzin were different for each soil type studied, being higher in soils with higher clay content. Mineralization of diuron was associated with the CTC, OC, OM and clay content. Since the mineralization of hexazinone, diuron + hexazinone and metribuzin showed an inverse association with clay content. It was observed that the presence of diuron, hexazinone, diuron + hexazinone and metribuzin in soils effect on microbial activity had no effect on mineralization of 14C-glucose. The mineralization of 14C-glucose in the presence of diuron was not associated with any attribute physico-chemical study. Since diuron + hexazinone was inversely associated with the MO. The metribuzin had a direct association with the CO and CTC. And hexazinone was inversely associated with OM, clay content, CEC and soil CO.
7

Lixiviação, mobilidade, degradação, mineralização e atividade microbiana de herbicidas em função de atributos de cinco tipos de solos / Leaching, mobility degradation, mineralization and microbial activity of herbicides on the basis of five attributes of soil types

Ana Carolina Ribeiro Dias 16 May 2012 (has links)
O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a mobilidade, lixiviação, degradação, mineralização e mineralização da 14C-glicose para os herbicidas diuron, hexazinona, diuron + hexazinona e metribuzin em cinco classes de solo. Objetivouse também avaliar a existência de associação da lixiviação, mobilidade, mineralização e mineralização da 14C-glicose entre o teor de argila, capacidade de troca de cátions (CTC), matéria orgânica (MO) e carbono orgânico (CO). Todos os estudos foram realizados no Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia do CENA/USP utilizando as normas da Organisation For Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) para os estudos de lixiviação, degradação, mineralização e mineralização da 14Cglicose e as normas da Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) para o estudo de mobilidade. Os solos foram coletados na camada de 0 a 0,10 m de profundidade e classificados como Latossolo Vermelho eutrófico (LVe), Latossolo Vermelho Amarelo distrófico (LVAd), Nitossolo Háplico eutrófico (NXe), Argissolo Vermelho Amarelo eutrófico (PVAe) e Neossolo Quartzarenico órtico (RQo). Para os estudos de mobilidade, os herbicidas apresentaram a seguinte ordem quanto a mobilidade: hexazinona metribuzin diuron + hexazinona diuron. A mobilidade dos herbicidas diuron, hexazinona e diuron + hexazinona apresentaram associação inversa com a CTC e com o teor de argila. O metribuzin apresenta associação inversa com MO e argila dos solos. A mineralização dos herbicidas diuron, hexazinona, diuron + hexazinona e metribuzin foram diferentes para cada tipo de solo estudado, sendo maior nos solos com maiores teores de argila. Os herbicidas apresentaram a seguinte ordem decrescente para lixiviação: LVe: hexazinona diuron + hexazinona metribuzin diuron; LVAd: diuron + hexazinona metribuzin diuron hexazinona; NXe: diuron + hexazinona diuron metribuzin hexazinona; PVAe e RQo: hexazinona diuron + hexazinona diuron metribuzin, evidenciando que os herbicidas estudados apresentam maior ou menor lixiviação de acordo com o tipo de solo. A lixiviação do herbicida diuron apresentou associação inversa com o teor de argila; o hexazinona com a CTC; o diuron + hexazinona com a CTC e com o teor de argila; o metribuzin não apresentou associação significativa entre o teor de argila, matéria orgânica, CTC e carbono orgânico, ou seja, neste estudo essas variáveis não explicaram a lixiviação deste herbicida. A mineralização do diuron apresentou associação com a CTC, CO, MO e teor de argila. Já a mineralização do hexazinona, diuron + hexazinona e metribuzin apresentaram associação inversa com o teor de argila. Não foi observado que a presença dos herbicidas diuron, hexazinone, diuron + hexazinone e metribuzin nos solos estudados tiveram efeito na atividade microbiana não interferindo na mineralização da 14C-glicose. A mineralização da 14C-glicose na presença do diuron não apresentou associação com nenhum atributo físico-químico estudado. Já o diuron + hexazinona apresentou associação inversa com a MO. O metribuzin apresentou associação direta com o CO e CTC. E a hexazinona apresentou associação inversa com a MO, teor de argila, CTC e ao CO dos solos. / The present study aimed to evaluate the mobility, leaching, degradation, mineralization and mineralization of 14C-glucose to the herbicides diuron, hexazinone, diuron + hexazinone and metribuzin on five soil types. We will also evaluate the possible association of leaching, mobility, mineralization and mineralization of 14C-glucose between the clay content, cation exchange capacity (CEC), organic matter (OM) and organic carbon (OC). All studies were performed at the Laboratory of Ecotoxicology of CENA / USP standards using the \"Organisation For Economic Co-operation and Development\" (OECD) for studies of leaching, degradation, mineralization and mineralization of 14C-glucose and standards \"Environmental Protection Agency \"(APS) for the study of mobility. Soil samples were collected in the 0 to 0.10 m depth were classified according the Brazilian System of soil classification as Latossolo Vermelho eutrófico (LVe), Latossolo Vermelho Amarelo distrófico (LVAd), Nitossolo Háplico eutrófico (NXe), Argissolo Vermelho Amarelo eutrófico (PVAe) and Neossolo Quartzarenico órtico (RQo), respectively. For mobility studies, herbicides followed the order and mobility: hexazinone metribuzin diuron + hexazinone diuron. The mobility of diuron, hexazinone and diuron + hexazinone inversely associated with the CEC and clay content. The metribuzin has an inverse association with organic matter and clay soils. Herbicides were the following descending order to leaching: LVe: hexazinone diuron + hexazinone metribuzin diuron; LVAd: diuron + hexazinone metribuzin diuron hexazinone; NXE: diuron + hexazinone diuron metribuzin hexazinone; PVAe and RQo: hexazinone diuron + hexazinone diuron metribuzin, showing that the herbicides are more or less leaching according to the type of soil. The leaching of the herbicide diuron were inversely related to clay content, the hexazinone with CTC, diuron + hexazinone with the CEC and clay content, the metribuzin showed no significant association between the clay content, organic matter, CEC and organic carbon, ie, in this study these variables did not explain the leaching of this herbicide. The mineralization of diuron, hexazinone, diuron + hexazinone and metribuzin were different for each soil type studied, being higher in soils with higher clay content. Mineralization of diuron was associated with the CTC, OC, OM and clay content. Since the mineralization of hexazinone, diuron + hexazinone and metribuzin showed an inverse association with clay content. It was observed that the presence of diuron, hexazinone, diuron + hexazinone and metribuzin in soils effect on microbial activity had no effect on mineralization of 14C-glucose. The mineralization of 14C-glucose in the presence of diuron was not associated with any attribute physico-chemical study. Since diuron + hexazinone was inversely associated with the MO. The metribuzin had a direct association with the CO and CTC. And hexazinone was inversely associated with OM, clay content, CEC and soil CO.

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