Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-10-04T18:59:22Z No. of bitstreams: 1 rodrigoguerradeoliveira.pdf: 1453787 bytes, checksum: 629265209ed579deb47cf4c16a39a88a (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Diamantino Mayra (mayra.diamantino@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-10-05T10:52:32Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 rodrigoguerradeoliveira.pdf: 1453787 bytes, checksum: 629265209ed579deb47cf4c16a39a88a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-05T10:52:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 rodrigoguerradeoliveira.pdf: 1453787 bytes, checksum: 629265209ed579deb47cf4c16a39a88a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-06-30 / O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito do Laser de Baixa Intensidade (LLLT) em um modelo de Hipersensibilidade Tardia (RHT). LLLT vem sendo estudado há algum tempo e seus efeitos clínicos, aplicados no tratamento de várias doenças. O laser tem sido testado em diferentes modelos experimentais, mas seus efeitos permanecem obscuros. Tentou-se avaliar os efeitos do LLLT na RHT à ovalbumina (OVA), uma proteína que vem sendo utilizada como antígeno para sensibilizar cobaias. Esse é um modelo amplamente utilizado para avaliar os efeitos de substâncias com potencial para modular o sistema imunológico e as reações inflamatórias. Camundongos Balb/C foram divididos, randomicamente, em quatro grupos, (I) imunizado, não tratado e desafiado (n=6), (II) não imunizado, não tratado e desafiado (n=6); (III) imunizado, tratado com Azatioprina e desafiado (n=6); e o grupo (IV), imunizado, tratado com LLLT e desafiado (n=6). Passadas 48 horas do desafio, os animais foram submetidos a avaliação do edema da pata e foram eutanasiados para análise do coxim plantar. Testes de proliferação foram realizados (espontâneos, na presença de cocanavalina A e ovalbumina) para determinar a produção, em cultura de células, de TNF- , INF- and IL-10. Análises imunohistoquímicas para expressão de COX-2 também foram realizadas. No grupo de animais irradiados com laser e naqueles tratados com AZA, a medida da espessura da pata foi significativamente menor em comparação à do grupo controle. Tal fato foi acompanhado da redução significativa na densidade do infiltrado inflamatório, assim como a redução significativa nos níveis de TNF- , INF- and IL-10 e na expressão de COX-2. Nossos resultados sugerem que o tratamento com laser possui efeito imunomodulador na RHT à OVA e podem contribuir para a imunoterapêutica do transplante renal. / The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Low Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) in an experimental model of delayed hypersensitivity reaction (DTH). LLLT has been studied for some time and its clinical effects have been used to treat numerous diseases. LLLT has been tested in different experimental models and some of its effects have yet to be explained. We tried to assess the effects of LLLT on the DTH reaction to ovalbumin (OVA), a protein that has been used as an antigen to sensitize lab animals. This is a broadly used experimental model to assess the effects of substances that have the potential to modulate the immune system and inflammatory reactions. Balb/C mice were randomly divided into four groups, (I) immunized, untreated and challenged (n=6), (II) not immunized, untreated and challenged (n=6); (III) immunized, treated with Azathioprine (AZA) and challenged (n=6); and group (IV) immunized, treated with LLLT and challenged (n=6). Forty-eight hours after the challenge, the animals were submitted to a paw edema check and were euthanized for histopathology analysis of their plantar pads. Proliferations tests were made (spontaneous, in the presence of concanavalin A and Ovalbumin) to determine the production in cell cultures of TNF- , INF- and IL-10. Immunohistochemical analyzes for expression of COX-2 were also performed. In the group of animals irradiated with lasers and those treated with AZA, footpad thickness measurements were significantly reduced in comparison to the control group. This was accompanied by a very significant drop in the density of the inflammatory infiltration as well as by a significant reduction in the levels of concentration of TNF- , INF- and IL-10 and in the expression of COX-2. Our results suggest that treatment with LLLT has immunomodulatory effect and may have important contribution to the immunotherapeutic of kidney transplants.

Les hypersensibilités retardées (HSR) cutanées sont hétérogènes, à la fois par la nature des mécanismes impliqués (allergiques versus non allergiques) mais aussi par les différents degrés de sévérité rencontrés. Seules les HSR allergiques sont dues à la présence de lymphocytes T (LT), mal caractérisés chez l'homme. Le but de ce travail est d'étudier la contribution des LT CD8 cytotoxiques dans le développement et la sévérité des HSR cutanées chez l'homme, à partir de deux pathologies fréquentes : les toxidermies aux béta lactamines et l'eczéma allergique de contact à la para-phénylènediamine (PPD). Tout d'abord, la présence de LT spécifiques de médicament au sein des toxidermies aux béta lactamines a été recherchée in vivo et in vitro. Nous avons montré que les HSR sévères étaient plus souvent d'origine allergique que les HSR bénignes. Nous avons ensuite caractérisé le rôle des LT CD8 dans les HSR allergiques. Dans les toxidermies bénignes à l'amoxicilline, l'étude de la cinétique de recrutement des LT au niveau cutané ainsi que l'analyse des LT spécifiques du sang circulant ont permis de mettre en évidence le rôle essentiel des LT CD8 cytotoxiques dans l'initiation de ces réactions. Ensuite, dans l'eczéma allergique de contact à la PPD, un recrutement épidermique précoce des LT CD8 associés à des marqueurs de cytotoxicité, a été retrouvé, corrélé avec la sévérité des lésions. Ces résultats ont été confortés par ceux obtenus dans un modèle pré-clinique d'HSR allergique à la PPD chez la souris. En conclusion, ce travail montre que les LT CD8 cytotoxiques pourraient être les principales cellules effectrices des HSR cutanées allergiques chez l'homme / Skin delayed hypersensitivity (DHS) are heterogeneous, by the nature of the mechanisms involved (allergic versus non allergic) and also by their different degrees of severity. Only allergic DHS is due to T cells, poorly characterized in humans. The aim of this work is to study the contribution of cytotoxic CD8 T cells in the development and severity of skin DHS in humans, induced by two common diseases: cutaneous adverse drug reactions to beta lactam antibiotics and allergic contact dermatitis to para-phenylenediamine (PPD). First, the presence of drug specific T cells in cutaneous adverse drug reactions to beta lactams was investigated in vivo and in vitro. We showed that severe DHS were more often allergic than benign DHS. Then, we characterized the role of CD8 T cells in allergic DHS. In benign cutaneous adverse drug reactions to amoxicillin, the study of the kinetics of skin T cell recruitment as well as the analysis of circulating specific T cells highlight the essential role of cytotoxic CD8 T cells in the initiation phase of these reactions. In allergic contact dermatitis to PPD, early recruitment of epidermal CD8 T cells associated with cytotoxic markers was found, correlated with the severity of lesions. These results were supported by those obtained in a mouse model of allergic contact dermatitis to PPD. In conclusion, this work showed that cytotoxic CD8 T cells could be the main effector cells of allergic skin DHS in humans

Submitted by Cássia Santos (cassia.bcufg@gmail.com) on 2017-03-24T11:22:47Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Tatiana Marlene Galvez Sánchez - 2017.pdf: 3124839 bytes, checksum: 942aa6d4fa9aa30babb4eb0d7e04a805 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2017-03-24T12:39:25Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Tatiana Marlene Galvez Sánchez - 2017.pdf: 3124839 bytes, checksum: 942aa6d4fa9aa30babb4eb0d7e04a805 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-24T12:39:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Tatiana Marlene Galvez Sánchez - 2017.pdf: 3124839 bytes, checksum: 942aa6d4fa9aa30babb4eb0d7e04a805 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-20 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Outro / Tuberculin skin test (TST) identifies a previous exposed to M. tuberculosis (Mtb) using an intradermal inoculation of purified protein derivates (PPD) that result in a delayed hypersensitivity reaction (DTH). Interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) was suggested to replace TST. The IGRA uses antigens, ESAT-6 and CFP-10, absent in all BCG strains and some non tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM). However, reproducibility and high cost were limitations for endemic countries. For this reason, the development of new diagnose test for latent TB is necessary. Fusion proteins developed by our group has been recognized by the immune response generated by the infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Thus the aim of this work was to evaluate the capacity of CMX or ECMX to be used in a Skin test for tuberculosis. BALB/c mice infected with Mtb were euthanized forty-five days after infection. Spleens, lungs and draining lymph nodes of infected mice were processed and evaluated by flow cytometry Both CD4 and CD8 IFN+ cells were able to recognize rCMX and rECMX. The skin test followed an evaluation of thickness/swelling ≥ PPD 2UT (positive control) to consider positive DTH. Based on thickness, at 24 h, rCMX 25μg (0.37±0.02) and rECMX 15-25μg (0.38±0.03/0,62±0,12) induced a positive DTH response. At 48h, rCMX 25μg (0.28±0.03) and rECMX 25μg (0.5±0.04) induced also a positive DTH reaction. In conclusion, fusion proteins rCMX and rECMX are recognized by infected mice with Mtb and skin test using rECMX 25μg induced better DTH response that of conventional PPD. / A prova tuberculínica (PT) é um teste cutâneo que identifica a exposição prévia ao M. tuberculosis (Mtb), mediante a inoculação via intradérmica do derivado protéico purificado (PPD) de Mtb, o que resulta em uma reação de hipersensibilidade do tipo tardia (DTH). O ensaio de liberação de IFN-γ (IGRA) foi indicado para substituir a PT. O IGRA usa os antígenos ausentes na BCG e algumas micobactérias não causadoras de TB (MNT), ESAT-6 e CFP-10. Porém, apresenta falta de reprodutibilidade e alto custo quando usado em populações endêmicas para TB. Diante disso, o desenvolvimento de novos testes de diagnóstico é necessário. Nosso grupo desenvolveu proteínas de fusão que são reconhecidas por linfócitos gerados pela infecção com Mtb. Assim, o trabalho propõe avaliar a utilização das proteínas rCMX e rECMX no desenvolvimento de um teste cutâneo de diagnóstico para tuberculose. Camundongos BALB/c foram infectados com Mtb H37Rv. Após 45 dias, a infecção induziu linfócitos T CD4+ e CD8+ produtores de IFN-γ específicos para rCMX e rECMX no baço, pulmões e linfonodos drenantes. Enquanto ao teste cutâneo realizado 45 dias após a infecção, a leitura de espessura/inchaço ≥ PPD 2UT (controle positivo) indicou uma reação de DTH positiva. Avaliando a espessura 24h após o inóculo, rCMX 25μg (0.37±0.02) e rECMX 15-25μg (0.38±0.03/0,62±0,12) induziram reação de DTH positiva. As 48h, rCMX 25μg (0.28±0.03) e rECMX 25μg (0.5±0.04) também apresentaram reação positiva. Enquanto o inchaço as 24h, só a rECMX apresentou DTH positiva. Em conclusão, este trabalho mostra que as proteínas rCMX e rECMX são reconhecidas pela resposta celular de camundongos infectados com Mtb, e quando usadas no teste cutâneo induziram reação de DTH positiva comparável e até superior ao PPD convencional. Dessa forma, é recomendada a avaliação das proteínas de fusão em outros modelos animais e posteriormente em humanos.