Orientador: Cinthia Pereira Machado Tabchoury / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-15T13:07:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Vale_GlauberCampos_D.pdf: 1601783 bytes, checksum: 88f05f80a4b7f65db8b57e02bd2ddf98 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / Resumo: A combinação de métodos de uso de flúor (F) tem sido indicada para indivíduos ou grupos considerados de alto risco de carie. O efeito aditivo da combinação da aplicação tópica profissional de flúor (ATF) e uso diário de dentifrício fluoretado (DF) resulta em uma modesta redução de carie em esmalte quando comparado ao uso isolado do DF. Entretanto, o efeito dessa combinação não tem sido estudado com relação a dentina radicular, a qual e mais susceptível a carie que o esmalte. Este trabalho de tese teve por objetivos avaliar o efeito da combinação da ATF e uso do DF na desmineralizacão da dentina radicular, na disponibilidade de F no biofilme dental formado in situ bem como nos produtos de reatividade formados sobre a dentina radicular. Doze voluntários adultos participaram desse estudo in situ cruzado e duplo-cego (em relação ao dentifrício) e utilizaram dispositivos palatinos contendo espécimes de dentina radicular bovina, com dureza de superfície pré-determinada. Os espécimes de dentina foram submetidos, em quatro fases experimentais de sete dias de duração cada uma, a um alto desafio criogênico (acumulo de biofilme e uso de solução de sacarose 8x/dia) e um dos seguintes tratamentos: dentifrício placebo (DP), dentifrício fluoretado contendo 1100 ppm de F (DF), ATF + DP e ATF + DF. Os espécimes dos grupos ATF foram pretratados com flúor fosfato acidulado em gel (1,23% F) por 4 minutos no inicio da respectiva fase experimental. Os dentifrícios foram usados 3x/dia. Para a análise estatística, um modelo fatorial 2 x 2 foi utilizado, onde os fatores em estudo foram ATF em dois níveis (aplicado ou não) e dentifrício fluoretado (sim ou nao) com limite de significância adotado de 5%. Menor desmineralização e maior concentração de F no fluido do biofilme foram observadas quando DF foi utilizado em comparação com DP (p <0,05) e quando ATF foi realizada em relação aos grupos onde não houve este tratamento (p <0,05). A combinacao da ATF e uso de DF mostrou efeito sinérgico na redução da desmineralização o da dentina radicular, na disponibilidade de F no fluido do biofilme e no aumento da retenção de produtos de reatividade em dentina, sugerindo que essa combinacao deve ser relevante no controle de carie radicular. / Abstract: The combination of methods of fluoride (F) use has been suggested for high caries risk individuals or groups. The additive effect of the combination of professional application of fluoride and fluoride dentifrice (FD) use achieve a modest reduction in enamel caries compared to dentifrice used alone. Nevertheless the anti-caries effect of this combination has not been studied for root dentine, which is more susceptible to caries than enamel. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the combination of application of acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF) and DF use on root dentine demineralization, F availability in dental biofilm formed in situ as well as on reactivity products formed on root dentine. Twelve adult volunteers took a part in this crossover, double-blinded (considering the dentifrices) in situ study and wore palatal appliances containing bovine root dentine slabs with pre-determined surface hardness. The dentine slabs were subjected during four experimental phases of seven days each to a high cariogenic challenge (biofilm accumulation and sucrose solution exposure 8x/day) and to one of the following treatments: placebo dentifrice (PD), 1,100 ppm F-dentifrice (FD), APF +PD and APF + FD. The slabs of APF groups were pre-treated with APF gel (1.23% F) for 4 min at the beginning of the respective experimental phase. The dentifrices were used 3x/day. For statistical analyses, a factorial 2 x 2 was used, with the APF (applied or not) and fluoride dentifrice (yes or not) considered as study factors. The significance limit was set at 5%. Lower demineralization and higher F concentration in biofilm fluid was observed when FD was used in comparison with PD (p<0.05) and when APF application was done in relation to those groups in which APF was not applied (p<0.05).The combination of APF and use of FD showed a synergic effect on reduction of root dentine demineralization, on F availability in biofilm fluid and on the enhanced retention of reactivity products formed on dentine, suggesting that the combination of APF gel application and the daily use of F dentifrice may be relevant to control root caries. / Doutorado / Cariologia / Doutor em Odontologia

M.Tech. (Biomedical Technology) / Please refer to full text to view abstract

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / It has been shown repeatedly that the partial control of dental caries is possible through the use of fluoride compounds, either systemically or topically. Almost all the different treatments, beside water fluoridation, need be conducted by the dentist or dental hygienist. The high ratio of dentist to population, the cost and the time factor limits their uses. The demand for a new method to control dental caries was utilized in which the benefit of the available anticariogenic agents could be given on mass scale, with low cost and which could be conducted with fewer trained personnel. A clinical study was designed to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of self-application of a new anticariogenic prophylactic paste on dental caries by means of toothbrush. The self-prophylaxis was conducted each six months, by six-grade school children under supervision after thorough demonstration on proper toothbrushing by the hygienist. After one year the results showed that the self-application of the anticariogenic prophylactic paste resulted in 73.1 and 58.5 per cent reductions in DMFT and DMRS, respectively. Also, the instruction and practice of proper toothbrushing by the children twice a year motivated them to improve their oral hygiene and periodontal condition by 40.0 and 42.0 per cent, respectively. It appears that the partial control of dental caries achieved on mass basis, at low cost and conducted by fewer trained personnel is as effective as the treatment given by the trained personnel.

A thesis submitted to the Faculty or Science, University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg, in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. / Two carbohydrates predominate in modern diets namely sucrose and starch. They are metabolized by oral microorganisms to products implicated in dental caries. The influence of sucrose and its metabolites is well documented but starches have received less attention. This study investigated the secretion of starch hydrolysing enzymes by oral streptococci and the production of sugars, acids and polysaccharides from the two ccmponents of starch, amylose and amylopectin. ( Abbreviation abstract ) / AC2017

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / This study investigated the effectiveness of chlorhexidine and a cavity varnish in reducing the incidence of recurrent caries around amalgam restorations in vitro. This was accomplished by: (1) inserting amalgam restorations into Class V preparations to which a varnish (Copalite), a 1 percent chlorhcxidine gluconate solution, or chlorhexidine followed by the varnish were applied; (2) exposing the teeth with the restorations to a severe ciogenic challenge; and (3) measuring with the television microscope instrumentation the changes which occurred in the width of the gap between the amalgam and the cavity wall. Four groups of 12 intact bicuspids, previously extracted for orthodontic purposes and mounted in squares of self-curing resin, were used. Upon completion of the Class V Cavity preparations, the three treatments performed, and the cavity restored with amalgam, the teeth were exposed to a cariogenic challenge for six weeks, with a weekly change in the "artificial plaque" created by Streptococcus mutans. A group of teeth which received no treatment before the restoration was inserted served as controls. The television microscope measurement instrumentation which allowed a magnification of 250 X and measurements as small as one micron were used to identify and measure the width of the gap between the amalgam and the cavity wall before and after the teeth were exposed to the cariogenic challenge. The conclusions of this study were: (1) The use of chlorhexidine or a varnish or a combination of both produced a significantly smaller enlargement of the amalgam-cavity wall gap width when no treatment was performed before the insertion of the restoration. (2) Chlorhcxidine by itself or in combination with the varnish did not prove to be more effective in preventing the enlargement of the gap than the varnish. (3) The experimental model in which a cariogenic challenge was developed produced decalcifications that closely resembled those produced in the mouth situation. (4) The television microscope measurement instrumentation accurately measured the amalgam-cavity wall gap widths. (5) The evaluation did not permit a correlation between the increase in gap width and the carious process. It is the author's suggestion that for this purpose, future studies should be performed with histologic evaluations of enamel ground sections as one of the evaluation methods. (6) Before recommending the clinical use of chlorhcxidine as a recurrent marginal caries inhibitor, further research is necessary.

OBJECTIVE: Caries risk assessment tools operate on the subject level. The aim of the study is to create new caries risk assessment models that functions on the tooth and surface level to assess the risk of caries of single teeth and surfaces. METHODS: Secondary data from the Dental Longitudinal Study was used to evaluate caries symmetry. Teeth were grouped into posterior and anterior teeth. Surfaces were grouped into fissured, proximal, and facial and lingual surfaces. The prediction of future caries on a tooth or a surface by the current caries on a bilateral or adjacent tooth or surface was evaluated. Additional general and oral caries risk factors on teeth and surfaces were adopted from the American Dental Association caries risk assessment tool. Caries on bilateral and/or adjacent teeth or surfaces were augmented with significant oral clinical caries predictor to build the caries risk assessment tools for teeth and surfaces. The models were validated by calculating sensitivities and specificities. RESULTS: 495 subjects with baseline and three year follow up data were included in the study. Caries prevalence and incidence was symmetrical (right and left) on the population level. On the individual level, caries incidence was symmetrical (right and left) and also tends to affect adjacent teeth or surfaces. Baseline caries on bilateral and adjacent teeth and surfaces was predictive of caries at follow up in all groups of teeth and surfaces except posterior teeth. Local oral caries risk factors like visible plaque, interproximal restorations, and xerostomia significantly predicted caries on single teeth and surfaces. Tools of caries risk assessment for anterior teeth and the three groups of surfaces were built. The sensitivities of these tools ranged between 67.33% to 85.51 %, specificities ranged between 38.40 % to 66.11%, and the overall accuracies ranged between 41.95% to 66.27%. CONCLUSION: Dental caries is a symmetrical disease affecting the right and left sides of the mouth equally. Past caries experience is significant in predicting future caries. New models were built to assess caries risk for anterior teeth, fissured surfaces, proximal surfaces, and facial and lingual surfaces with acceptable accuracy. / 2018-09-28T00:00:00Z

Thesis (M.D.S.)--University of Hong Kong, 2002. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 122-137).

Early childhood caries (ECC) is the most prevalent oral disease of children worldwide. Epidemiological studies reported that most of the ECC are left untreated. While young children may not be co-operative enough for conventional restorative treatments, silver diamine fluoride (SDF) can be topically applied on tooth surfaces as a cariostatic agent. Previous clinical trials have confirmed that annual application of 38% SDF is effective in arresting dentin caries in preschool children. However, information about the effectiveness of SDF with different combinations of concentration and frequency is still lacking. This information is important for the optimal application of SDF in the future public health programs for caries control. This prospective randomized controlled trial aimed to investigate and compare the effectiveness of 12% and 38% SDF when applied annually or biannually in arresting dentin caries of primary teeth of preschool children for 30 months. The two null hypotheses tested were firstly, there is no difference in effectiveness when SDF is applied at 12% or 38% in arresting dentin caries of preschool children; and secondly, there is no difference in effectiveness when SDF is applied annually or biannually in arresting dentin caries of preschool children. A total of 888 healthy and cooperative K1 children aged 3-4 years with at least one dentin caries surface were recruited and randomized into four treatment groups: Group 1 received annual applications of 12% SDF, Group 2 received biannual applications of 12% SDF, Group 3 received annual applications of 38% SDF, and Group 4 received biannual applications of 38% SDF. Group 3 was assigned as the positive control group. Primary outcome was soft dentin caries surface at baseline that became arrested at the follow-up examinations. Clinical examinations were conducted at the kindergartens every 6 months by the same trained examiner. Parental questionnaires were used to collect the children’s demographic information, oral hygiene related habits, parental satisfaction with children’s dental appearance and dental health at baseline, 18- and 30-month examinations. Adverse effects after treatments including increment of non-vital teeth, complaint about tooth or gingival discomfort, gingival discoloration, and black staining over arrested surfaces were also recorded. A total of 798 children with 3,268 caries surfaces were examined at 30-month follow-up. The dropout rates of the four groups were similar. The respective proportions of arrested surfaces in Group 1 to Group 4 were 48.7%, 54.0%, 60.6%, and 66.9%, respectively (p < 0.001). The two null hypotheses were rejected. Both concentration and frequency were significantly related to treatment effectiveness, but no significant interaction between these two factors was found. The effect size of concentration was much greater than frequency. Other than a higher proportion of black staining in groups receiving 38% SDF treatments, there were no significant differences in adverse effects among the children in the four treatment groups. To conclude, SDF is more effective in arresting dentin caries in primary teeth of preschool children at 38% than 12%, and when applied biannually than annually. Clinical significant improvement in effectiveness can be achieved by increasing its concentration. / published_or_final_version / Dentistry / Doctoral / Doctor of Philosophy