Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 1974. / Typescript (photocopy). eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 50-52).

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 1972. / Typescript (photocopy). eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 29-30).

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1948.

Thesis (Doctoral)--Rheinischen Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität zu Bonn, 1978.

Thesis (Doctoral)--Rheinischen Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität zu Bonn, 1978.

Thesis--Doctor of Public Health. The University of Michigan, School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology. 1966. / Includes bibliographical references.

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / The purpose of this study was to provide information concerning occlusion and related problems in cerebral palsied children. A group of 124 cerebral palsied children between the ages of 6 and 12 years were examined at the Cerebral Palsy Dental Clinic, Indiana University. The occlusion was evaluated according to Angle's classification. In addition, a recording was made of overjet, over-bite, open bite, cuspid relationships, crossbite and midline discrepancies. The examination included a clinical evaluation of the swallowing pattern of each child. The cerebral palsy classification and I.Q. scores were recorded for each cerebral palsied child after a comprehensive review of his medical record. These findings were compared with a control group of 141 similar aged non-cerebral palsied children examined at Indiana University, Pedodontic department. The cerebral palsied group had an average increased overjet of 0.8 mm. and an average decreased overbite of 0.5 mm., representing an upward and outward positioning of the maxillary anterior segment. Anterior open bite was present in a similar percentage of both groups, but in the cerebral palsied group the measurement recorded was more than twice as great as that recorded in the control group. Forty-four per cent of the cerebral palsied children exhibited bruxism, more than twice the percentage of cases recorded in the control group. The cerebral palsied children exhibited bruxism most frequently in the day time, and was most common in the athetoid group. Other measurements recorded were not significantly different between the two groups. From this study one can conclude that malocclusion and factors affecting occlusion are not found with greater frequency in cerebral palsied children.

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / It is believed that a single force, regardless of its magnitude, tips a tooth around the same center of rotation. This is a histologic investigation of this concept; and an attempt to correlate clinical findings with early and late microscopic changes in the periodontium after light and heavy force application. Five Rhesus monkeys, 3-4 years of age, were used. In one, continuous forces of 40 and 600 gm. were to move a maxillary first bicuspid distally through an edentulous space, with the first molar serving as anchor for 47 days. Both teeth tipped equally toward each other. In four monkeys, light, continuous forces, 10 and 57 gm., and heavy forces, 100 and 200 gm., were used to move the two central incisors lingually over periods of 19, 62, and 66 days. The light force had to be maintained for a period of 4-6 weeks before changing the activation. The 10 gm. force did not move incisors after 19 or 62 days. The 57 gm. force moved the tooth faster than the heavy forces. Hyalinization of the periodontal membrane was recorded during the lag period, but not later. At later stages, the heavy force caused more root resorption than the lighter one. The moment/force ratio determines the center of rotation, not the single value of each. Single forces tipped teeth at the same center of rotation, regardless of their magnitude.

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / The tongue in both man and animal has been considered through the ages to be a complex organ. It is a highly specialized combination of muscles and nerves and contains one of the five senses, the sense of taste. As H.B. Walter and L.F. Sayles stated in their book entitled: “Biology of the Vertebrates,” “The tongue serves many purposes. It is capable of great freedom of movement; it is a universal toothbrush, serves as a curry comb for fur-bearers, while animals like cats and dogs that lap up liquids use it as a spoon, it stands ready to receive the password of admittance from entering food, and in humans is essential for speech, respiration and swallowing.” Even though the tongue is a complex organ in its actions and structure, it is unlike most organs of the human body. Man has not concerned himself to a great extent over its history of development for many reasons. It is encased by the orbicularis oris complex and buccinator muscles and teeth, thereby making ease of observation of its actions and development difficult. Another factor which acts against its observation for its apparent constant mobility. Most postulations previously set forth concerning the action of the normal tongue have been unsupported by scientific data. Studies have been reported on abnormalities of the tongue and its associated surroundings, but little or no research on the normal tongue posture has been reported. Recently roentgenography has been used to study areas of the body not easily seen by the naked eye. In the infancy of roentgenography development, it was considered by several investigators that this would be an important means of studying the tongue and thus this study came into being.