Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karol. inst., 2004. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

Healthy tooth formation is crucially dependent on normal development of enamel and dentin. Any deviation from norm could lead to serious effects on the teeth function. Amelogenesis Imperfecta (AI) and Dentinogenesis Imperfecta (DGI) are genetically inherited conditions that affect the teeth formation. Thus is imperative to investigate the genes and proteins that contribute to these conditions. Some of the known proteins that play a role in amelogenesis include AMELOGENIN (AMLEX), KALLIKREIN 4(KLK4), FAMILY WITH SEQUENCE SIMILARITY 83H (FAM83H), WD REPEAT-CONTAINING PROTEIN 72 (WDR72) and DENTIN SIALOPHSOPHPROTEIN (DSPP). The purpose of this research project was to investigate the expression/localization pattern of gene products which are known to be causative for Amelogenesis Imperfecta and Dentinogenesis Imperfecta.The study was carried out using mouse heads which were fixed, demineralized and paraffin-embedded. Samples were then sectioned and immunohistochemical analysis was performed with various enamel/dentin protein antibodies. The data showed the following results: KLK4 showed immunoreactivity mainly in ameloblasts and in the pulp, DSPP showed immunoreactivity in dentin, in the pulp and in the epithelial cells on one location as indicated by the arrow in figure 3 of the tooth cross section, FAM83H has a faint immunoreactivity identified in the ameloblasts, WDR72 showed weak immunoreactivity in the ameloblasts and AMELX showed immunoreactivity on the enamel and the ameloblasts. In conclusion these findings were supported by previous studies and conveyed the validity of IHC experiments in locating these proteins in odontogenic tissues.

Orientadores: Lília Freire Rodrigues de Souza Li, Carlos Eduardo Steiner / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-21T05:55:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Pedroni_MarcusViniciusCosta_M.pdf: 5336681 bytes, checksum: 022385349dc7fcf62951d9f8c466360f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Resumo: A Osteogênese Imperfeita (OI) é um distúrbio genético caracterizado por baixa massa e fragilidade óssea, e outras manifestações do tecido conjuntivo, decorrente de defeitos qualitativos ou quantitativos do colágeno tipo I. Está associada a mutações nos genes COL1A1 e COL1A2 que codificam respectivamente as cadeias pro'alfa'1-(I) e pro'alfa'-2(I) formadoras da molécula do colágeno tipo I, e mais raramente mutações nos genes reguladores. A OI manifesta-se através de diferentes fenótipos (I-IV), segundo a classificação de Sillence et al. O objetivo deste trabalho foi a análise molecular dos genes COL1A1 e COL1A2 em famílias brasileiras portadoras de OI, em suas diferentes formas clínicas. Fizemos biópsia da pele de 12 famílias com OI para cultura primária dos fibroblastos. Desta cultura extraímos RNA total, que foi usado como molde para transcrição reversa e reação em cadeia de polimerase (PCR) dos genes e sequenciamento automático direto de cDNA. A expressão gênica foi determinada por Real Time PCR e o padrão e grau de expressão das proteínas do colágeno foram analisados por Imunocitoquímica e Western blot. Identificamos nove mutações missense em heterozigose em nove famílias, e duas mutações com alteração na matriz de leitura em famílias com fenótipos dos tipos I, III ou IV de OI. No gene COL1A1 encontramos quatro mutações já descritas: c.613G>A (p.P205A); c.769G> A (p.G257R); c.859G>A (p.G287S); c.1678G>A (p.G560R). No gene COL1A2 encontramos uma mutação já descrita: c.2314G> A (p.G772S) e quatro novas mutações: c.214G>A (p.G72S); c.775G>A (p.G259S); c.793G> C (p.G265R) e c.3467G>A (p.R1156K). Encontramos hiperexpressão dos transcritos de COL1A1 e COL1A2, porém expressão normal das cadeias 'alfa'1 e 'alfa'2 da proteína do colágeno em todos os pacientes. As cadeias mutada apresentaram padrão desorganizado nas células. Pacientes com OI apresentaram hiperexpressão dos genes de colágeno tipo I sugerindo que estes genes são regulados e que as meia vidas destas proteínas estão reduzidas / Abstract: Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI) is a genetic disorder characterized by low bone mass and bone fragility, and other manifestations of connective tissue, due to qualitative or quantitative defects of type I collagen. It is associated with mutations in COL1A1 and COL1A2 genes, that encode respectively the pro'alpha'-1(I) and pro'alpha'-2(I) chains, forming the molecule of type I collagen, and more rarely mutations in regulatory genes. The OI is manifested by various phenotypes (I-IV), according to the classification of Sillence et al. The objective of this study was the molecular analysis of COL1A1 and COL1A2 genes in Brazilian families with OI, in its different clinical forms. We performed skin biopsy from 12 families with OI for primary culture of fibroblasts. From this culture, we made total RNA extract, which was used as template for reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and automated sequencing directly from cDNA. Gene expression was determined by Real Time qPCR and the level of expression of collagen proteins were analyzed by immunocytochemistry and Western Blot. We identified heterozygous mutations in 11 families that have phenotypes of types I, III or IV of OI. In the COL1A1 gene found four previously described mutations: c.613G> A (p.P205A), c.769G> A (p.G257R), c.859G> A (p.G287S), c.1678G> A (p. G560R). In the COL1A2 gene we found one previously described mutation: c.2314G> A (p.G772S) and four new mutations: c.214G> A (p.G72S), c.775G> A (p.G259S), c.793G> C (p.G265R) and c.3467G> A (p.R1156K). We found upregulation of the transcripts of COL1A1 and COL1A2 genes, but a normal expression of 'alpha'1 and 'alpha'2 protein chains in all patients. The mutant chain showed disorganized on the immunocytochemestry. Patients with OI showed upregulation of type I collagen genes, suggesting regulation and decreasing half lives of the proteins / Mestrado / Saude da Criança e do Adolescente / Mestre em Ciências