Multimedia learning theory, and the research that has supported it, is largely focused on the cognitive elements of learning. Although motivation has been mentioned as a factor in learning in a multimedia environment, motivation has not been measured as a distinctive variable in most studies. Specific attributes of multimedia, including seductive details and segmentation, have been hypothesized to increase interest; however, only studies examining these attributes— effects on learning (measured by recall and transfer) have been conducted. The present study aimed to extend the examination of the use of seductive details and segmentation in multimedia learning by measuring interest in addition to recall and transfer. The participants were 167 undergraduate students who were randomly assigned to four treatment groups involving a tutorial on the formation of lightning, which differed according to the multimedia attributes featured in the tutorial. Treatment groups included seductive details and segmentation (SD+S), seductive details and no segmentation (SD+NS), no seductive details and segmentation (NSD+S), and no seductive details and no segmentation (NSD+NS). Participants took an interest questionnaire before engaging with the tutorial and immediately following the tutorial. Tests of recall and transfer were used to measure learning after the tutorial. Two trained raters evaluated responses. Data from the study were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and correlation procedures. The results of the study revealed no significant differences among treatment groups in regards to interest, recall, or transfer. There was no significant relationship between interest and recall or interest and transfer. Although the results did not provide support for existing literature on seductive details and segmentation effects or reveal that these attributes increase interest, the implications of the findings present several valuable areas for future research. / Ph. D.

There is a difference between making in a material manner, as opposed to a formal one. Any selected material has certain physical properties; in the case of wood, one could posit that a certain species has a particular strength, hardness, and appearance. These properties influence our decision to work with a given species of wood. Material carries with it reference. In seeing a certain material - red clay brick, for example - our memory might refer to a prior experience with it. Formal considerations bracket out the material and the referential. Form de-materializes material and is self-referential. Form is the aspect of a thing or set of things. It is the basis for the recognition of commonality and judgement. The act of making inculcates a two-fold relationship between the material and the formal. / Master of Architecture

This diploma thesis deals with the design of the structure of the multi-storey building of the Technical Museum in Olomouc. This timber structure is made of glued laminated wood with the strenghts Gl24h and Gl32h. It is a complex of six adjoining buildings, which are shifted from one another in both transverse direction and the heigth. The ground plan dimensions of the parcel on which tha hal lis decomposed is 40 x 80 m. A complete static design solution, including its foundation, anchoring and selected type connections, has been solved.

Thesis (M. Arch.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 1964. / MIT Institute Archives copy bound with three title pages at the beginning of text block; MIT Rotch Library copy has title pages bound with appropriate theses. -- Rotch Library copy missing 16 leaves of plates. / Title from half-title page. Three individual thesis titles bound together with a collective title and an introduction. Compiled, with an introduction, by Prof. Eduardo F. Catalano. / Includes bibliographical references. / Preface: "The three individual theses are presented with a common introductory discussion on systems in general, the use of systems in architecture, and the overall goals and requirements for a building system. It is hoped that a better understanding of systems is attained as well as a more extensive background for the individual thesis material." / Hershdorfer, Selma Abigadol. The development of a building unit which is structurally and mechanically integrated and which allows maximum flexibility in internal rearrangement and lateral growth. (1964) -- Hook, Charles Burton. A research and development building for science and technology suitable for both academic and non-academic use. (1964) -- Hoover, George Norman. An academic/research and development building for science and technology. (1964). / M.Arch.

Seductive details (SDs) are interesting, but not necessarily relevant, information that may be included in text to capture students’ attention. Unfortunately, including such details often hinders learning. Schraw (1998) differentiated between context-independent (i.e., interesting without surrounding context) and context-dependent (i.e., interesting only in light of surrounding context) SDs. In the first study, 388 undergraduate students read six paragraphs describing Sigmund Freud’s psychosexual stages (i.e., target material). Participants in four groups also read one of two biographical paragraphs. The biographical paragraphs contained SDs about Freud that were either context-dependent or -independent to the target material and presented before (primacy) or after (recency) the target-material paragraphs or not at all (Control). After reading, students took a quiz. Quiz performance was not influenced by the type of SDs but rather its placement relative to the target text. Students in the primacy conditions performed worse than students in the recency and control conditions. Thus, both types of SDs reduced learning when they were presented at the beginning of the text. Study 2 examined a potential interaction between SDs and a graphic organizer (GO). GOs are designed to help learners make connections among ideas in the text by visually representing the concepts to be learned (Ausubel, 1960; Robinson & Kiewra, 1995). In Study 2, 207 undergraduate students read the same target material from Study 1. Depending on condition, the participants also read the context-dependent biographical paragraph (SD only), read a GO that linked the SDs to the target material (GO only), read both (GO + SD), or only read the target material (Control). After reading, students took a quiz. Participants in the GO only group and the Control group performed significantly better on the quiz items than participants in the SD only group. There was no significant difference between the Control group and the GO + SD group. Results from both studies suggest that the GO mitigated the seductive details effect but did not reverse it. There is evidence for both the diversion hypothesis (priming inappropriate schema) and the distraction hypothesis (focusing the reader’s attention on the SDs as opposed to the target material).

Les images et données volumiques sont devenues importantes dans notre vie quotidienne que ce soit sur le plan artistique, culturel, ou scientifique. Les données volumiques ont un intérêt important dans l'imagerie médicale, l'ingénierie, et l'analyse du patrimoine culturel. Ils sont créées en utilisant la reconstruction tomographique, une technique qui combine une large série de scans 2D capturés de plusieur points de vue. Chaque scan 2D est obtenu par des methodes de rayonnement : Rayons X pour les scanners CT, ondes radiofréquences pour les IRM, annihilation électron-positron pour les PET scans, etc. L'acquisition des images et données volumique est influencée par le bruit provoqué par différents facteurs. Le bruit dans les images peut être causée par un manque d'éclairage, des défauts électroniques, faible dose de rayonnement, et un mauvais positionnement de l'outil ou de l'objet. Le bruit dans les données volumique peut aussi provenir d'une variété de sources : le nombre limité de points de vue, le manque de sensibilité dans les capteurs, des contrastes élevé, les algorithmes de reconstruction employés, etc. L'acquisition de données non bruitée est iréalisable. Alors, il est souhaitable de réduire ou d'éliminer le bruit le plus tôt possible dans le pipeline. La suppression du bruit tout en préservant les caractéristiques fortes d'une image ou d'un objet volumique reste une tâche difficile. Nous proposons une méthode multi-échelle pour lisser des images 2D et des données tomographiques 3D tout en préservant les caractéristiques à l'échelle spécifiée. Notre algorithme est contrôlé par un seul paramètre - la taille des caractéristiques qui doivent être préservées. Toute variation qui est plus petite que l'échelle spécifiée est traitée comme bruit et lissée, tandis que les discontinuités telles que des coins, des bords et des détails à plus grande échelle sont conservés. Nous démontrons les données lissées produites par notre algorithme permettent d'obtenir des images nettes et des iso-surfaces plus propres. Nous comparons nos résultats avec ceux des methodes précédentes. Notre méthode est inspirée par la diffusion anisotrope. Nous calculons nos tenseurs de diffusion à partir des histogrammes continues locaux de gradients autour de chaque pixel dans les images et autour de chaque voxel dans des volumes. Comme notre méthode de lissage fonctionne entièrement sur GPU, il est extrêmement rapide.

Recent research has shown that the early lexical representations children establish in their second year of life already seem to be phonologically detailed enough to allow differentiation from very similar forms. In contrast to these findings children with specific language impairment show problems in discriminating phonologically similar word forms up to school age. In our study we investigated the question whether there would be differences in the processing of phonological details in normally developing and in children with low language performance in the second year of life. This was done by a retrospective study in which in the processing of phonological details was tested by a preferential looking experiment when the children were 19 months old. At the age of 30 months children were tested with a standardized German test of language comprehension and production (SETK2). The preferential looking data at 19 months revealed an opposite reaction pattern for the two groups: while the children scoring normally in the SETK2 increase their fixations of a pictured object only when it was named with the correct word, children with later low language performance did so only when presented with a phonologically slightly deviant mispronunciation. We suggest that this pattern does not point to a specific deficit in processing phonological information in these children but might be related to an instability of early phonological representations, and/or a generalized problem of information processing as compared to typically developing children.

Color is a significant architectural element, which is open to become a major representative element in the process of design. This study aims to understand the limits of using color as an architectural element and discuss the transformative effects of the use of color with respect to meaning and design levels of buildings. The study is composed of two main parts. In the first part limits of using color as a complementary and consequential part of design are discussed. The architectural understanding of color in the 20th century is utilized as the main ground for a contemporary case study. The case study in the second part uses residential buildings in Ankara as the main domain to understand the continuities and discontinuities between color preferences and architectural meaning. The method of the study is based on comparison of the facades of residential buildings of various contexts, scales, languages and typologies in five different categories. The first category is &ldquo / The Figural Use of Color&rdquo / which is constituted by decorated facades. &ldquo / The Elemental Use of Color&rdquo / is the second category based upon the continuity between tectonic elements of facade and color. The third is the &ldquo / Material Color and Painting,&rdquo / which is based upon the color representations of the natural material preferences supported by additional painting. &ldquo / Tectonic Use of Color&rdquo / as the fourth frame implies color brought by the nature of the material. The last category is &ldquo / Monochromatic Use of Color&rdquo / in which the facades are colored in a single hue or different lightness of the same hue.

The aim of this study is to create reliable and comprehensive information, for its potential usage in conservation efforts, regarding the construction techniques of the traditional houses in Birgi,

This thesis concentrates on Hasanagalar House, dated at first period of the Republican Era, in Alanya, Antalya. The building is one of the elaborated example of Traditional Houses in Plain Area which constitutes one of the important part of the traditional house stock of Alanya. The aim of this study is to develop a conservation proposal for the building, with its values, to provide its life in healthy way by its values. It is an elaborated example of the In this content / a detailed documentation and research to understand the building, phases of the building study to expose the original properties in previous periods. In conclusion, an evaluation, a conservation proposal had been achieved in context of Hasanagalar House and Traditional Houses in Plain Area.