Abstract   The Act of Education outlines that good quality in schools and preschools, focusing on continuous improvement, promote children’s learning and this in turn is on of the most important factors for child and youth welfare. This thesis was based on the authors´ pre-understanding that there are opportunities to improvement in the quality of preschools. The focus was on studying how analyses can provide a base for quality work, and the purpose of this study was to identify and describe the analytical methods that can be used in the process of continual improvement for quality development in preschools. A qualitative study was conducted in two preschools that have received quality awards. It was conducted through interviews with the preschool principals and through studies of various documents. In the comparative analysis of theory and empirical data, it was made clear that there was a regular analysing process going on at the investigated preschools and an emphasize of reflection could also be identified.   Keywords: Quality development, preschool, analytical methods, processes, reflection / Sammanfattning   I skollagen beskrivs att god kvalitet i skola och förskola som arbetar med ständiga förbättringar, gynnar barns lärande och detta i sin tur är en av de viktigaste faktorerna för barns och ungdomars välbefinnande.   Detta examensarbete utgick från författarnas förförståelse att det finns förbättringsmöjligheter inom förskolans kvalitetsutveckling. Som avgränsning valdes att studera hur analyser kan ge underlag för kvalitetsarbetet och syftet med detta examensarbete var att identifiera och beskriva analysmetoder som kan användas inom arbetet med ständiga förbättringar för kvalitetsutveckling inom förskolan.   En kvalitativ undersökning genomfördes på två förskolor som erhållit kvalitetsutmärkelser. Den genomfördes genom intervjuer av förskolechefer samt tolkning av dokument.   Vid den jämförande analysen av teori och empiri konstaterades att analysmetoder i de undersökta förskolorna fanns. Cykliska processer och reflektionens betydelse kunde också identifieras.   Nyckelord: Kvalitetsutveckling, förskola, analysmetoder, processer, reflektion

Ce travail de thèse s’inscrit dans un contexte industriel. Il consiste en la caractérisation de lots bruts de SG1 : le N-tert-butyl-N- (1-diethylphosphono-2,2-dimethylpropyl)-N-oxyle. La spécificité de cette espèce est son caractère radicalaire stable. La première partie de ce travail consistait à développer une méthode d’analyse, facilement applicable en laboratoire d’analyse de contrôle sur site industriel pour la caractérisation de la pureté en SG1 dans des lots synthétisés. La méthode choisie a été développée par chromatographie liquide haute performance (HPLC). Pour ce faire, un étalon de SG1 a été préparé par purification de SG1 brut industriel en utilisant la technique séparative chromatographique de partage centrifuge (CPC). L’identification des impuretés suspectées majoritaires dans les lots de SG1 bruts a ensuite été réalisée par spectroscopie RMN ou par l’étude des fragments obtenus par spectrométrie de masse en tandem par ionisation electrospray. A l’aide de ces techniques, quinze impuretés majori- taires ont été identifiées. Des méthodes de quantification ont ensuite été développées pour douze de ces impuretés par diverses techniques analytiques chromatographiques : par HPLC-UV, HPLC-MS ou GC-MS ou par des techniques spectroscopiques Infra-Rouge ou encore par conductimétrie. / This PhD study has been carried out within an industrial context. It deals with the characterization of industrial batches of N-tert-butyl-N- (1-diethylphosphono-2,2-dimethylpropyl)-N-oxyle also called SG1. The distinctive feature of this molecule lies in its specific stability which is uncommon for radical species. The first part of this study consists in developping an analytical method, easy to implement in a QC laboratory for the determination of SG1 purity. The chosen analytical method has been developped by High Performances Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). This method requires the use of a standard sample of SG1, which has been obtained after purification of industrial batches of SG1 by the use of an innovative separative technology, the Centrifugal Partition Chromatography (CPC). The identification of the impurities, suspected as the major impurities in the industrial batches of SG1, has been carried out by NMR spectroscopy or by the study of their fragmentation observed by Tandem Mass Spectrometry – Electrospray Ionization. The use of these techniques enabled the identification of fifteen major impurities. Quantification methods by various techniques (HPLC-UV, HPLC-MS, GC-MS, other direct spectroscopic techniques like Infra-Red or other types of techniques like conductimetry) have been developped for twelve impurities.