The main aim of this thesis is to investigate whether theories of career self-management, developed in the USA and Western countries, apply in cultures which are different, such as ascription cultures, giving an example of the Kingdom of Bahrain. Career self-management, here, is conceptualized based on independence and having control in organising career management through setting a strategy and collecting information about career opportunities to achieve personal goals. Although there is increasing emphasis on the ‘new’ career, very few studies offer systematic information about whether careers are perceived in the new or traditional form and which is more appropriate for people in developing countries (for example, the Kingdom of Bahrain). On the other hand, scholars argue that although there is a need for career self-management the notion, yet, lacks critical evaluation where the promoting or limiting factors to its enactment lack research, particularly in developing countries (for example, the Kingdom of Bahrain). The country chosen for study is the Kingdom of Bahrain because its culture is characterised as 'ascription' and no career self-management research has been conducted in this context. The study adopts a qualitative approach to uncover the research questions. The semi-structured interviews are designed to collect and analyse data for two organisations (i.e. EWA and GARMCO) where each organisation’s findings are compared with the other. To cover a fair population and sampling in a country small in size and population, two organisations in two sectors have been selected that are the main sectors in the Kingdom of Bahrain which consist of large workforce populations. Each organisation encompasses 19 managers from different departments and one Human Resources manager (total of 20 managers in each case). The forty managers from the two sectors are randomly selected, taking into consideration the managers’ occupations and functions.

Les sportifs de haut niveau traversent tous des phases de transitions plus ou moins bien négociées dans leur carrière sportive, que cela soit des transitions normatives ou non normatives. Cette thèse examine la portée de ces transitions sur les processus décisionnels et adaptatifs du sportif de haut niveau qui le conduisent à effectuer un choix plutôt qu'un autre lors d'un moment clef de sa carrière (e.g. sportif, professionnel, social). Les trois études de cette thèse s'inscrivent principalement dans le cadre d'une approche développementale du déroulement de carrière des sportifs de haut niveau (Wylleman, Lavallee & Alfermann, 1999) et reposent sur le modèle du Push-Pull, Anti Push, Anti Pull (Schutz, Mullet et al, 1998). La première partie de cette thèse s'est intéressée au prolongement depuis une dizaine d'années des carrières des sportifs de haut niveau se poursuivant au-delà de l'âge de trente ans, ainsi qu'aux mécanismes sous jacents au maintien et à la protection du bien-être subjectif lié à ce phénomène. Des éléments de similarité liés à leurs caractéristiques personnelles et à leur parcours ainsi que des éléments de singularité liés au découpage et à la durée des étapes de leur carrière sont apparus. La seconde étude de cette thèse porte sur le parcours de vie des sportives d'élite et le choix de la maternité en cours de carrière sportive et/ou post carrière sportive. Les parcours se construisent au regard des significations accordées aux évènements contextuels et circonstanciels, aux aspirations et idéaux personnels, aux priorités de vie. Le choix de la maternité oscille entre le désir d'un épanouissement personnel à travers à la fois un épanouissement sportif et un épanouissement de mère et la primauté accordée à sa vie sportive de l'autre avec l'absence d'envie de procréer. La troisième étude s'est intéressée à l'entrée en pôle d'entraînement, et plus particulièrement aux éléments facilitants ou perturbants qui ont accompagné la décision des sportifs de haut niveau d'entrer ou non en pôle et qui ont participé à une adaptation plus ou moins bien réussie Les éléments qui se sont révélés importants qu'ils soient plutôt positifs ou négatifs gravitent autour du cadre de vie, du double projet, et du projet sportif. / The high-level sportsmen cross all phases of transitions more or less good negotiated in their sporting career, that it's normative or not normative transitions. This thesis examines the impact of these transitions on the decision-making and adaptive processes of the high-level sportsman which lead him to make a choice rather than the other one during a key moment of its career (e.g. sportsman, professional, social). Three studies of this thesis join mainly within the framework of a développementale approach of the career development of high-level sportsmen (Wylleman, Lavallee & Alfermann, 1999) and rest on the model of Push-Pull, Anti Push, Anti Pull (Schultz, Mullet and al, 1998). The first part of this thesis was interested in the continuation since around ten years of the careers of high-level sportsmen continuing beyond the age of thirty years, as well as in mechanisms under jacents in the preservation and in the protection of the subjective well-being. Elements of similarity bound to their personal characteristics and to their route as well as elements of peculiarity bound to the cutting and to the duration of the stages of their career appeared. The second study of this thesis concerns the route of life of the sportswomen of elite and the choice of the maternity in course of career sports and/or comment sporting career. Routes build themselves towards the meanings granted to contextual and incidental events, to aspiration and ideal staffs, in the priorities of life. The choice of the maternity oscillates between desire of a self-fulfillment through at the same time a sports blooming and a blooming of mother and superiority granted to its sports life of the other one with the absence of envy to procreate. The third study was interested in entrance to pole of training, and more particularly in facilitating or disrupting elements which accompanied the decision of the high-level sportsmen to enter or not pole and which participated in a more or less good made a success adaptation The elements which showed themselves important that they are rather positive or more negative revolve around living environment, double project, and sports project.

The purpose of this study was to explore early-career faculty&rsquo / s needs on teaching related issues and examine the effectiveness of an online environment that was designed as a support to a graduate course on teaching in higher education. The study was carried out through two phases including a needs analysis and evaluation of the online environment. Findings of the needs analysis were used as input data in designing the online environment. An exploratory mixed design was employed to investigate graduate assistants&rsquo / perceptions about the effectiveness of the online environment in general, and the components specifically. Results of the first phase revealed that early-career faculty (n=53) were highly willing to participate in faculty instructional development activities, mostly through workshops and internet-based systems. Having students&rsquo / active participation into class was found to be one of the biggest concerns of new faculty. The second phase of the study provided descriptive data related to graduate assistants&rsquo / (n=10) use of an online environment incorporating a discussion forum, exemplary V teaching case and informative videos. Interaction with people from different academic fields helped the graduate assistants to experience and gain different perspectives about teaching. The graduate course itself raised graduate assistants&rsquo / awareness with regard to the teaching aspect of their profession. Online components generally provided the graduate assistants with different perspectives on teaching, and contemplate their future teaching. Based on the findings of the study, it can be concluded that online technologies have a potential to support faculty instructional development through incorporating visual media and communication tools.

Thesis (M. Ed.)--University of Hong Kong, 1989. / Includes bibliographical references (leaf 96-100).

Thesis (M.Ed.)--University of Hong Kong, 1989. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 96-100). Also available in print.