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Sera of Peruvians with fever of unknown origins include viral nucleic acids from non-vertebrate hosts.Phan, Tung Gia, Del Valle Mendoza, Juana Mercedes, Sadeghi, Mohammadreza, Altan, Eda, Deng, Xutao, Delwart, Eric 17 October 2017 (has links)
El texto completo de este trabajo no está disponible en el Repositorio Académico UPC por restricciones de la casa editorial donde ha sido publicado. / Serum samples collected from 88 Peruvians with unexplained fever were analyzed for viral sequences using metagenomics. Nucleic acids of anelloviruses, pegivirus A (GBV-C), HIV, Dengue virus, and Oropouche virus were detected. We also characterized from two sera the RNA genomes of new species of partitivirus and dicistrovirus belonging to viral families known to infect fungi or arthropod, respectively. Genomic DNA of a putative fungal cellular host could be PCR amplified from the partitivirus-containing serum sample. The detection in human serum of nucleic acids from viral families not known to infect vertebrates may indicate contamination during sample collection and aliquoting or human infection by their presumed cellular host, here a fungus. The role, if any, of the non-vertebrate infecting viruses detected in serum in inducing fever is unknown. / Revisión por pares
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Détection des ARNs viraux par Dicer-2 chez la drosophile / Sensing of viral RNAs by Dicer-2 in drosophilaTalide, Loic 22 October 2019 (has links)
Je me suis intéressé au système de défense anti-viral majeur de Drosophila melanogaster qui est la voie du RNA silencing (siRNA). A ce jour, le seul senseur d’acide nucléique viral et activateur de la voie siRNA est Dicer-2. Ainsi, le travail que j’ai effectué́ a permis d’apporter de nouvelles informations concernant la détection des ARNs viraux par Dicer-2. L’utilisation de méthodes de séquençage à haut débit (HTS) des petits ARNs dans des cellules S2 infectées par le Drosophila C Virus (DCV) à des temps précoces m’a permis de proposer un point d’entrée précis et interne de Dicer-2 sur l’ARN double brin de ce dicistrovirus. La validation de ce point faible dans la défense du virus a été effectuée en réalisant un HTS des petits ARNs dans des mouches de différents génotypes infectées avec DCV. J’ai ensuite caractérisé plus en profondeur cette région du génome virale en déterminant tout d’abord sa structure 2D puis sa sensibilité à des clivages médiés par des extraits embryonnaires de mouches. Finalement, l’utilisation de différents variants de Dicer-2 présentant des mutations du domaine DRA m’a permis de proposer un nouveau mécanisme de fonctionnement de cette protéine. / My Ph.D revolved around the study of the major antiviral defense system of Drosophila melanogaster: the siRNA pathway. To date, the only viral nucleic acid sensor and siRNA pathway activator in drosophila is Dicer-2. Thus, the work I have done has provided new information regarding the detection of viral RNAs by Dicer-2. The use of high throughput sequencing (HTS) methods of small RNAs in S2 cells infected with Drosophila C Virus (DCV) at early time points has allowed me to propose a precise and internal entry point for Dicer-2 on the double-stranded RNA of this dicistrovirus. The validation of this weak point in the defence of the virus was carried out by performing an HTS of small RNAs in flies of different genotypes infected with DCV. I then characterized this region of the viral genome in more depth by first determining its 2D structure and then its sensitivity to cleavages mediated by embryonic fly extracts. Finally, the use of different variants of Dicer-2 with mutations in the DRA domain allowed me to propose a new mechanism of action for this protein.
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The host-pathogen interaction and its pest management implication: dicistroviruses and invasive ants as a model / 宿主・病原体相互作用の解析: ジシストロウイルスと外来アリをモデルとした害虫管理に関する研究Hsu, Hung-Wei 24 November 2020 (has links)
京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(農学) / 甲第22848号 / 農博第2431号 / 新制||農||1082(附属図書館) / 学位論文||R2||N5308(農学部図書室) / 京都大学大学院農学研究科応用生物科学専攻 / (主査)教授 松浦 健二, 教授 大門 高明, 教授 吉村 剛 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Agricultural Science / Kyoto University / DFAM
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