H παρούσα πτυχιακή εργασία επικεντρώνεται αρχικά, στη μελέτη των προτύπων της επίγειας και φορητής ψηφιακής τηλεοράσης (DVB-T και DVB-H). Το DVB-T αποτελεί τo πρότυπο της επίγειας µετάδοσης που έχει αναπτυχθεί µε ιδιαίτερα πολύπλοκο τρόπο από ότι τα προηγούµενα πρότυπα για δορυφορική και καλωδιακή µετάδοση. Με το DVB-T επιτυγχάνονται καλύτερες επιδόσεις απ’ ότι µε την αναλογική μετάδοση και προσφέρει πολλά πλεονεκτήµατα στην επίγεια µετάδοση αλλά και λήψη του σήµατος. Επειδή αποδείχθηκε σχετικά νωρίς ότι το DVB-T έχει μειονεκτήματα σε ότι αφορά το broadcasting τηλεοπτικού σήματος σε κινητά τηλέφωνα, γεννήθηκε η ιδέα για ένα σύστημα αποκλειστικά για φορητές συσκευές βασισμένο στο DVB-T. Καλείται DVB-H (DVB-Handheld). Δεδομένου ότι τα συστήματα ψηφιακής μετάδοσης DVB-T και DVB-H χρησιμοποιούν για τη διάδοσή τους το επίγειο και δορυφορικό κανάλι, γίνεται εκτενής ανάλυση των παραμέτρων που επηρεάζουν την επίγεια και δορυφορική μετάδοση, κυρίως από την οπτική των απωλειών. Στη συνέχεια, γίνεται ανάλυση όλων των σταδίων που λαμβάνουν χώρα κατά την εκπομπή και λήψη ενός OFDM σήματος μέσω ενός φυσικού καναλιού, διαμόρφωση η οποία χρησιμοποιείται κατά κόρον στα πρότυπα DVB-T και DVB-H. Έπειτα, προσομοιώνουμε μέσω του MATLAB όλη τη διαδικασία της OFDM μετάδοσης και λήψης, εξάγοντας τις γραφικές παραστάσεις με τη μορφή του OFDM σήματος σε κάθε στάδιο. Τέλος, θα μελετήσουμε την επίδραση του ασύρματου καναλιού (δορυφορικού και επίγειου) στην εξασθένηση του OFDM σήματος, στο σταθμό λήψης και θα εξάγουμε τις γραφικές παραστάσεις, επιβεβαιώνοντας την εξασθένηση αυτή. / This project focuses initially on the study of patterns of terrestrial and mobile digital television (DVB-T and DVB-H). The DVB-T standard is the terrestrial broadcasting standard that has been developed in a very complex way than previous standards for satellite and cable broadcasting. By implementing DVB-T we can achieve much better performance than analog transmission as it offers many advantages for terrestrial transmission and reception. Since it has been proved early on that the DVB-T has disadvantages in terms of the broadcasting of television signals to mobile phones, there has been created an idea for a system that exclusively focuses on mobile devices, based on DVB-T. It is called DVB-H (DVB-Handheld). Since the digital broadcasting systems of DVB-T and DVB-H use the terrestrial and satellite channel to transmit information, an extensive analysis of parameters affecting the terrestrial and satellite transmission takes place, mainly from the perspective of losses. Then, there takes place an analysis of all stages that occur when transmitting and receiving an OFDM signal through a natural channel, modulation which is widely used in DVB-T and DVB-H. Then, we run a MATLAB simulation for the whole process of OFDM transmission and reception, exporting graphs of the form of the OFDM signal at each stage. Finally, we will study the effect of wireless channel (satellite and terrestrial) as far as the weakening of the OFDM signal is concerned at the receiving station and we will export the graphs, confirming the aforementioned attenuation. .

The inherent broadcast nature of satellites, their global coverage and direct access to a large number of subscribers give satellites unrivalled advantages in supporting IP multicast applications. A new generation of satellite systems that support regenerative on-board processors and multiple spot beam technology have opened new possibilities of implementing IP multicast communication over satellites. These new features enable satellites to make efficient use of their allocated bandwidth resources and provide cost effective network services but equally, create new challenges for mobile satellite terminals. IP mobility support in general and IP mobile multicast support in particular on mobile satellite terminals like the ones mounted on continental flights, maritime vessels, etc., still remain big challenges that have received very little attention from the research community. Up till now, there are no proposed mechanisms to support IP multicast for mobile receivers/sources in multi-beam satellite networks in open literature. This study explores the suitability of IP multicast mobility support schemes defined for terrestrial networks in a satellite environment and proposes novel schemes based on the concepts of Home and Remote subscription-based approaches, multiple interface and PMIPv6 protocol. Detailed analysis and comparison of results obtained from the proposed schemes, Mobile IP (MIP) Home and Remote subscription-based approaches (for terrestrial networks) when implemented on a reference multi-beam satellite network are presented. From these results, the proposed schemes outperform the MIP Home and Remote subscription-based approaches in terms of gateway handover latency, number of multicast packets lost and signalling cost over the satellite air interface.

The inherent broadcast nature of satellites, their global coverage and direct access to a large number of subscribers give satellites unrivalled advantages in supporting IP multicast applications. A new generation of satellite systems that support regenerative on-board processors and multiple spot beam technology have opened new possibilities of implementing IP multicast communication over satellites. These new features enable satellites to make efficient use of their allocated bandwidth resources and provide cost effective network services but equally, create new challenges for mobile satellite terminals. IP mobility support in general and IP mobile multicast support in particular on mobile satellite terminals like the ones mounted on continental flights, maritime vessels, etc., still remain big challenges that have received very little attention from the research community. Up till now, there are no proposed mechanisms to support IP multicast for mobile receivers/sources in multi-beam satellite networks in open literature. This study explores the suitability of IP multicast mobility support schemes defined for terrestrial networks in a satellite environment and proposes novel schemes based on the concepts of Home and Remote subscription-based approaches, multiple interface and PMIPv6 protocol. Detailed analysis and comparison of results obtained from the proposed schemes, Mobile IP (MIP) Home and Remote subscription-based approaches (for terrestrial networks) when implemented on a reference multi-beam satellite network are presented. From these results, the proposed schemes outperform the MIP Home and Remote subscription-based approaches in terms of gateway handover latency, number of multicast packets lost and signalling cost over the satellite air interface.

El objetivo principal del proyecto de tesis doctoral es proponer y evaluar soluciones técnicas compatibles con la familia de estándares DVB diseñados para redes TDT que permitan por un lado, la transmisión simultánea de contenidos de TV a receptores fijos y móviles en configuraciones de red con alta capacidad de transmisión, y por otro lado la e ficiente provisión de contenidos locales en topologías SFN. Esta propuesta de tesis está dividida en tres secciones. La primera sección consiste en una revisión del estado del arte respecto a la planificación y diseño de redes de TDT que utilizan los estándares DVB, las soluciones propuestas e implementadas a día de hoy para la provisión de contenidos de TV digital a terminales móviles a través de las infraestructuras de TDT; así como las técnicas de transmisión utilizadas para la provisión de contenidos locales en redes de TDT, las soluciones propuestas en el estándar de segunda generación DVB-T2 y los requerimientos técnicos del futuro estándar DVB-NGH para la e ficiente emisión de estos contenidos en topologías de red SFN. Con base en el estado del arte se de ne en la segunda sección el objetivo principal, los objetivos específicos y los resultados esperados en el desarrollo de la tesis doctoral. Finalmente en la tercera sección se describe la metodología y los escenarios de evaluación que se utilizarán en las diferentes etapas del proceso de investigación. / López Sánchez, J. (2014). Transmisión Eficiente de Servicios Fijos/Móviles y Servicios Locales en Redes de Televisión Digital Terrestre de Primera y Segunda Generación [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/35134 / TESIS