Advances in Information Communication Technology (ICT) has created immense methods for creating, storing, maintaining, accessing and preserving the traditional printed documents in digital form. The different publishers have taken the full advantage of publishing the research outputs of the academicians and deprive the institutions and the community of the institution from the research outputs. This paper explores the importance of Institutional Repository (IR) and the role of the Open Source Software (OSS) in building the Institutional Repository of any institution. To publish and serve the community of an institution building institutional repositories is the most feasible solution. We have to take the help of some special software packages to build up an institutional repository and the role of open source software in this regard is very important. The institutions which are economically not strong enough can take the advantage of usingopen source software to build up their own institutional repository and can expose their knowledge stock to the world.

Crawling the Web to build collections of documents related to pre-speciï¬ ed topics became an active area of research during the late 1990â s, crawler technology having been developed for use by search engines. Now, Web crawling is being seriously considered as an important strategy for building large scale digital libraries. This paper covers some of the crawl technologies that might be exploited for collection building. For example, to make such collection-building crawls more effective, focused crawling was developed, in which the goal was to make a â best-ï¬ rstâ crawl of the Web. We are using powerful crawler software to implement a focused crawl but use tunneling to overcome some of the limitations of a pure best-ï¬ rst approach. Tunneling has been described by others as not only prioritizing links from pages according to the pageâ s relevance score, but also estimating the value of each link and prioritizing them as well. We add to this mix by devising a tunneling focused crawling strategy which evaluates the current crawl direction on the ï¬ y to determine when to terminate a tunneling activity. Results indicate that a combination of focused crawling and tunneling could be an effective tool for building digital libraries.

This is a lecture delivered at Ranganathan Research Circle, 26th July 2003, Delhi, India. Defines digital libraries. Highlights major characteristics and myths about digital libraries. A comparision is made between digital libraries and conventional libraries. Various aspects of building digital libraries are given including Design, Standards, Organisation, User Interface, Preservation and Services.

Digital technologies know an unprecedented expansion in the last years. The consumer can now benefit from hardware and software which was considered state-of-the-art several years ago. The advantages offered by the digital technologies are major but the same digital technology opens the door for unlimited piracy. Copying an analogue VCR tape was certainly possible and relatively easy, in spite of various forms of protection, but due to the analogue environment, the subsequent copies had an inherent loss in quality. This was a natural way of limiting the multiple copying of a video material. With digital technology, this barrier disappears, being possible to make as many copies as desired, without any loss in quality whatsoever. Digital watermarking is one of the best available tools for fighting this threat. The aim of the present work was to develop a digital watermarking system compliant with the recommendations drawn by the EBU, for video broadcast monitoring. Since the watermark can be inserted in either spatial domain or transform domain, this aspect was investigated and led to the conclusion that wavelet transform is one of the best solutions available. Since watermarking is not an easy task, especially considering the robustness under various attacks several techniques were employed in order to increase the capacity/robustness of the system: spread-spectrum and modulation techniques to cast the watermark, powerful error correction to protect the mark, human visual models to insert a robust mark and to ensure its invisibility. The combination of these methods led to a major improvement, but yet the system wasn't robust to several important geometrical attacks. In order to achieve this last milestone, the system uses two distinct watermarks: a spatial domain reference watermark and the main watermark embedded in the wavelet domain. By using this reference watermark and techniques specific to image registration, the system is able to determine the parameters of the attack and revert it. Once the attack was reverted, the main watermark is recovered. The final result is a high capacity, blind DWr-based video watermarking system, robust to a wide range of attacks.

La comunicación digital es un tema de gran interés para los profesionales de la Comunicación, las organizaciones y la sociedad en general debido a la gran repercusión social que ha generado en los últimos 40 años. De igual manera que lo hicieron la radio, el cine y la televisión en sus respectivos momentos, el Internet ha propiciado nuevas dinámicas comunicativas, modificado espacios de poder y repercutido en nuestra vida cotidiana. En ese sentido, la atención de la Academia es vital debido a la gran velocidad de los fenómenos de Internet, las dificultades epistemológicas que atraviesan los estudios de comunicación y el desarrollo que ostentan las reflexiones teóricas de este campo de estudio. La idea de vincular los avances teóricos de la comunicación digital con nuestra formación académico-profesional y la sociedad ha motivado la presente investigación. Por ello nos hemos propuesto como objetivo evaluar la eficacia de la comunicación digital del portal web de una universidad pública. El caso elegido fue la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. Ello no ha sido una tarea fácil, fue necesario adentrarnos en investigaciones y teorías de carácter transdiciplinar. El enorme desarrollo que han alcanzado los estudios de la Experiencia de Usuario, la Gestión Estratégica y el desarrollo de los sistemas web configuran un terreno fértil para las reflexiones de la Comunicación. Es un reto pendiente, y esta investigación es un aporte a este proceso. En las reflexiones teóricas hemos identificado nuestra lentitud como Academia para analizar estos fenómenos. Algunos discursos analizados poseen un rigor científico discutible, ya sean por estar enmarcados en la utopía tecnológica, estar encasillados por el instrumentalismo o estar mezclados con intereses de compañías participantes de la industria digital. A partir de ello, recogimos diversos instrumentos de elaboración transdisciplinar y los acoplamos desde el punto de vista de la comunicación. Fruto de ello es esta propuesta para evaluar la eficacia comunicacional de sitios webs en base a tres ejes: estrategia, contenidos y calidad técnica. Lejos de ser una propuesta definitiva, es una construcción que está abierta a nuevos aportes, diálogos e investigaciones. A pesar de ello, la construcción realizada fue suficiente para cumplir con el objetivo planteado en la presente investigación: evaluar el portal web de nuestra Universidad. En el primer capítulo, Objeto y diseño de la investigación, se presenta los objetivos, la hipótesis y el diseño de la investigación, enfatizando en las variables, indicadores e instrumentos y relacionándolas en una matriz. Se justifica cada instrumento de manera teórica y metodológica. En el segundo capítulo, Estado de la cuestión y marco teórico, se repasa los debates teóricos más importantes sobre la comunicación y el Internet de las últimas 2 décadas con el objetivo de contextualizar nuestra investigación. En este repaso se observan los movimientos de los teóricos de la comunicación frente a lo digital, la influencia de las tecnologías, los estudios de los usuarios de la web y de la experiencia de usuario. También se analiza y precisa el mal uso de ciertos conceptos y definiciones en ambientes profesionales y académicos. Por último, se desarrolla un enfoque de comunicación y una serie de conceptos empleados en la investigación, tales como comunicación digital, evaluación heurística, stakeholder, arquitectura de información, comunicación eficaz, oferta de información y usabilidad. En el tercer capítulo, Presentación del caso: el portal web de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, se revisa los estudios antecedentes relacionados con nuestro caso de investigación y sus respectivas conclusiones. También se realiza una introducción de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, su misión y visión, su marco normativo y, especialmente, su portal web. En el cuarto capítulo, Resultados, se interpreta la información obtenida en la aplicación de los instrumentos en los niveles de estrategias, de contenidos y de usabilidad del portal web, en función a las características de la eficacia del portal web como plataforma de comunicación. Asimismo, se presentan las conclusiones y las recomendaciones. Lejos de afirmar de manera tajante la eficacia o ineficacia del portal web en la confrontación de las hipótesis con los resultados, se observa la necesidad de reformular las hipótesis para dar cabida contrastes en los resultados, situándolos en un punto intermedio. Aspectos positivos del portal web, como la presencia equilibrada de los stakeholders en los artículos de noticias y los niveles de usabilidad medianamente satisfactorios se contraponen a la limitación del portal al contenido informativo, las dificultades de administración y la ausencia de un análisis de necesidades de los usuarios. Finalmente se incluye la bibliografía con la lista de los materiales consultados (libros, artículos científicos, recopilaciones, tesis, etc.). Asimismo los anexos de la investigación incluyen las entrevistas realizadas, un inventario de contenidos, las tablas de análisis de contenido, las matrices de la evaluación heurística y el organigrama de la UNMSM. Los resultados de la evaluación, lejos de criticar la gestión y el esfuerzo realizado por el equipo de Comunicaciones de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, representan un reconocimiento y una oportunidad de mejora. Asimismo, confiamos que la presente investigación será un aporte para la universidad pública peruana y latinoamericana.

M.Mus. Faculty of Humanities, University of the Witwatersrand, 2008 / The broad structure of this reflexive essay is twofold: First I discuss my experience of making a compact disc (CD) recording with the Trio Hemanay, which consists of three performer-musicians – Marian Lewin (cello), Helen Vosloo (flute) and myself, Malcolm Nay (piano), and second I offer an analysis of Hendrik Hofmeyr’s Notturno Elegiaco for Piano Trio, a work composed specifically for the Trio Hemanay,. I draw on writings of other performers and recording artists, who have contemplated and engaged with the recording process, in order to place myself, the Trio and our music-making within a South African context. I further contextualise the Trio with reference to other well-known performing ensembles in South Africa. I refer to the inception and constitution of the Hemanay Trio and give some insights into aspects that inform the aesthetics and rationale of its establishment and existence. I also discuss the practicalities of financing and producing such a recording, and the extent to which non-musical issues inevitably impact on the artistic outcome. I further elaborate on the value of documenting music through recordings, both from a personal and from an objective perspective, and I reflect on what I have learnt from the recording experience; where relevant, I collate this with the experience of my two colleagues. In Part II, I offer an analysis of the musical content and a stylistic scrutiny of Hendrik Hofmeyr’s Notturno Elegiaco, recorded by Trio Hemanay on the CD under discussion (the only current recording of this work). This essay is written in a narrative form, which allows me to discuss the inception of the recording, the development of the process and the elements that have contributed to the acquisition of greater insights for both me and for the Trio, all of which may influence future projects.

No description available.

O sintonizador-demodulador de RF, também chamado de Front End, é definido de uma forma geral como sendo o conjunto ou módulo que está entre a antena e o sistema digital. Para um receptor isto inclui todos os filtros, amplificadores de baixo ruído, misturadores e demoduladores, necessários para processar o sinal modulado recebido na antena, demodulá-lo e entregá-lo em um fluxo de bits (Transport Stream) para o sistema digital de decodificação, também conhecido com Back End. Por esta razão o sintonizador-demodulador é muitas vezes chamado de conversor RF para TS (Rádio Freqüência para Transport Stream). Por ser o primeiro bloco, o Front End é a parte mais importante, e também a mais crítica de qualquer receptor contribuindo muito para o seu bom ou mau desempenho. Esta tese investigou os problemas existentes e que degradam a qualidade do sinal nas transmissões de TV analógica; os testes realizados pelo laboratório de TV Digital do Mackenzie comparando os padrões de transmissão dos sistemas de TV Digital, ATSC, DVB-T e ISDB-T; o modelo proposto e adotado pelo Sistema Brasileiro de TV Digital; e propôs um modelo de sintonizador-demodulador para o SBTVD, que atendesse as necessidades do sistema com robustez e flexibilidade. O sintonizador-demodulador foi desenvolvido, projetado, montado e testado no laboratório e no campo para avaliar a sua eficiência. / The RF front end is generally defined as everything between the antenna and the digital baseband system. For a receiver, it includes all the filters, low-noise amplifiers (LNAs), down-conversion mixers and demodulator needed to process the modulated signals received at the antenna into signals suitable for input into the baseband analog-to-digital converter (ADC), demodulate it and feed with a Transport Stream the Back End part of the system to decode the signal. For this reason, the RF front end is often called the RF-to-TS portion of a receiver. It turns out that this is the most important and critical part of the whole receiver aiming for its good or bad performance. This thesis researched the existing problems that degenerate the analog TV transmission quality; the digital TV tests realized by Mackenzie DTV laboratory comparing the digital TV transmission standards, ATSC, DVB-T and ISDB-T; the proposed and adopted model for the Brazilian Digital TV System; and a proposal of a Front End for the SBTVD that meets the requirements of the system with robustness and flexibility. The Front End was designed, assembled and tested in the DTV laboratory and in the field.

Mak Chun Man = 視頻物件分割法 / 麥振文. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2004. / Includes bibliographical references. / Text in English; abstracts in English and Chinese. / Mak Chun Man = Shi pin wu jian fen ge fa / Mai Zhenwen. / List of Figures --- p.III / List of Tables --- p.III / Chapter Chapter 1. --- Introduction --- p.1-1 / Chapter 1.1. --- A Brief Review on Video Objects Segmentation --- p.1-1 / Chapter 1.2. --- Objective of the Research Work --- p.1-3 / Chapter 1.3. --- Organization of the Thesis --- p.1-4 / Chapter 1.4. --- Notes on Publication --- p.1-5 / Chapter Chapter 2. --- Background Information --- p.2-1 / Chapter 2.1. --- Introduction --- p.2-1 / Chapter 2.2. --- Review of common video coding standards --- p.2-3 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- H.261 --- p.2-3 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- MPEG-1 --- p.2-4 / Chapter 2.2.3 --- MPEG-2 --- p.2-4 / Chapter 2.2.4 --- MPEG-4 --- p.2-5 / Chapter 2.3. --- Reviews of video objects segmentation methods --- p.2-7 / Chapter 2.3.1. --- Motion Segmentation --- p.2-8 / Chapter 2.3.2 --- Temporal & Spatial Segmentation --- p.2-9 / Chapter 2.3.2.1 --- Change Detection --- p.2-10 / Chapter 2.3.2.2 --- Morphological Filtering --- p.2-11 / Chapter 2.3.2.3 --- Image Segmentation --- p.2-12 / Chapter 2.3.2.4 --- Active Contour - Snake --- p.2-13 / Chapter 2.3.3 --- Application specific & human aided --- p.2-13 / Chapter 2.3.3.1 --- Manual Object Extraction --- p.2-13 / Chapter 2.3.3.2 --- Static Camera --- p.2-14 / Chapter 2.3.3.3 --- 3D video --- p.2-15 / Chapter 2.3.3.4 --- Video Conferencing and Face Segmentation --- p.2-15 / Chapter 2.3.3.5 --- Text Extraction --- p.2-16 / Chapter 2.4. --- Conclusions --- p.2-16 / Chapter Chapter 3. --- Global Motion Estimation --- p.3-1 / Chapter 3.1. --- Introduction --- p.3-1 / Chapter 3.2. --- Background Information --- p.3-2 / Chapter 3.2.1. --- Motion Models --- p.3-2 / Chapter 3.2.2. --- Estimation Methods --- p.3-5 / Chapter 3.3. --- Robust Regression: Least Median of Square Error --- p.3-8 / Chapter 3.3.1. --- Review of Least Median of Square Error --- p.3-8 / Chapter 3.3.2. --- Applying LMedS on Global Motion Estimation --- p.3-11 / Chapter 3.4. --- Modifications to LMedS --- p.3-12 / Chapter 3.5. --- Experimental Results --- p.3-15 / Chapter 3.6. --- Conclusions --- p.3-23 / Chapter 3.7. --- Notes on Publication --- p.3-24 / Chapter Chapter 4. --- System Overview --- p.4-1 / Chapter 4.1. --- Introduction --- p.4-1 / Chapter 4.2. --- Assumptions --- p.4-1 / Chapter 4.2.1. --- Objects in motion --- p.4-2 / Chapter 4.2.2. --- Motion is slow --- p.4-2 / Chapter 4.2.3. --- Change of object shapes --- p.4-2 / Chapter 4.2.4. --- Background size --- p.4-3 / Chapter 4.3. --- System Description --- p.4-3 / Chapter 4.3.1. --- Motion Detection --- p.4-5 / Chapter 4.3.1.1. --- Motion Estimation --- p.4-5 / Chapter 4.3.1.2. --- Global Motion Estimation & Compensation --- p.4-10 / Chapter 4.3.1.3. --- Change Detection Mask --- p.4-12 / Chapter 4.3.1.4. --- FP size thresholding --- p.4-14 / Chapter 4.3.1.5. --- FP clustering --- p.4-15 / Chapter 4.3.2. --- Spatial Features Extraction --- p.4-19 / Chapter 4.3.2.1. --- Edge Detection --- p.4-20 / Chapter 4.3.2.2. --- Region Growing --- p.4-20 / Chapter 4.3.3. --- Labeling and Boundary Tracking --- p.4-21 / Chapter 4.3.3.1. --- Objects' Locations Updates --- p.4-21 / Chapter 4.3.3.2. --- Foreground Pixel Clusters Labeling --- p.4-23 / Chapter 4.3.3.3. --- Slow and Rapid Components Tracking --- p.4-25 / Chapter 4.3.3.4. --- New Model Initialization --- p.4-26 / Chapter 4.3.4. --- Boundary Refinement --- p.4-26 / Chapter 4.3.4.1. --- Filling-in Process --- p.4-27 / Chapter 4.3.4.2. --- Boundary Correction --- p.4-27 / Chapter 4.4. --- Experimental Results --- p.4-32 / Chapter 4.4.1. --- Qualitative Evaluation --- p.4-32 / Chapter 4.4.1.1. --- Summary of the Qualitative Evaluation Results --- p.4-34 / Chapter 4.4.2. --- Quantitative Evaluation --- p.4-35 / Chapter 4.5. --- Conclusions --- p.4-46 / Chapter 4.6. --- Notes on Publications --- p.4-46 / Chapter Chapter 5. --- Conclusions & Future Works --- p.5-1 / Chapter 5.1. --- Contributions and Conclusions --- p.5-1 / Chapter 5.1.1. --- Multiple object support --- p.5-1 / Chapter 5.1.2. --- Global Motion Estimation --- p.5-2 / Chapter 5.2. --- Future Works --- p.5-3 / References

Wei Wei. / Thesis submitted in: December 2005. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2006. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 112-122). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Abstract --- p.II / List of Abbreviations --- p.IV / Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Overview of Content-based Video Standard --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- Video Object Segmentation --- p.4 / Chapter 1.2.1 --- Video Object Plane (VOP) --- p.4 / Chapter 1.2.2 --- Object Segmentation --- p.5 / Chapter 1.3 --- Problems of Video Object Segmentation --- p.6 / Chapter 1.4 --- Objective of the research work --- p.7 / Chapter 1.5 --- Organization of This Thesis --- p.8 / Chapter 1.6 --- Notes on Publication --- p.8 / Chapter Chapter 2 --- Literature Review --- p.10 / Chapter 2.1 --- What is segmentation? --- p.10 / Chapter 2.1.1 --- Manual Segmentation --- p.10 / Chapter 2.1.2 --- Automatic Segmentation --- p.11 / Chapter 2.1.3 --- Semi-automatic segmentation --- p.12 / Chapter 2.2 --- Segmentation Strategy --- p.14 / Chapter 2.3 --- Segmentation of Moving Objects --- p.17 / Chapter 2.3.1 --- Motion --- p.18 / Chapter 2.3.2 --- Motion Field Representation --- p.19 / Chapter 2.3.3 --- Video Object Segmentation --- p.25 / Chapter 2.4 --- Summary --- p.35 / Chapter Chapter 3 --- Automatic Video Object Segmentation Algorithm --- p.37 / Chapter 3.1 --- Spatial Segmentation --- p.38 / Chapter 3.1.1 --- k:-Medians Clustering Algorithm --- p.39 / Chapter 3.1.2 --- Cluster Number Estimation --- p.41 / Chapter 3.1.2 --- Region Merging --- p.46 / Chapter 3.2 --- Foreground Detection --- p.48 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- Global Motion Estimation --- p.49 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- Detection of Moving Objects --- p.50 / Chapter 3.3 --- Object Tracking and Extracting --- p.50 / Chapter 3.3.1 --- Binary Model Tracking --- p.51 / Chapter 3.3.1.2 --- Initial Model Extraction --- p.53 / Chapter 3.3.2 --- Region Descriptor Tracking --- p.59 / Chapter 3.4 --- Results and Discussions --- p.65 / Chapter 3.4.1 --- Objective Evaluation --- p.65 / Chapter 3.4.2 --- Subjective Evaluation --- p.66 / Chapter 3.5 --- Conclusion --- p.74 / Chapter Chapter 4 --- Disparity Estimation and its Application in Video Object Segmentation --- p.76 / Chapter 4.1 --- Disparity Estimation --- p.79 / Chapter 4.1.1. --- Seed Selection --- p.80 / Chapter 4.1.2. --- Edge-based Matching by Propagation --- p.82 / Chapter 4.2 --- Remedy Matching Sparseness by Interpolation --- p.84 / Chapter 4.2 --- Disparity Applications in Video Conference Segmentation --- p.92 / Chapter 4.3 --- Conclusion --- p.106 / Chapter Chapter 5 --- Conclusion and Future Work --- p.108 / Chapter 5.1 --- Conclusion and Contribution --- p.108 / Chapter 5.2 --- Future work --- p.109 / Reference --- p.112