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Typescript, etc.

Typescript, etc.

Differences in the mean plasma cholesterol levels of adult White Single Comb Leghorn cockerels were accentuated when a diet containing 10% hydrogenated vegetable oil and 1% cholesterol was fed for six days. The cholesterol levels promoted by the diet were found to be negatively correlated (p 0.05) with the amount of cholesterol excreted by the groups. The differences observed among groups in the rate of elimination of the excess cholesterol from the circulation were not found to be statistically significant. Variation in cholesterol absorption may therefore be responsible, in large measure for differences in the degree of hypercholesterolemia induced, by feeding a diet high in cholesterol. A significant correlation (p 0.01) between the amounts of cholesterol and saponifiable lipids excreted following the feeding of a high-fat, high-cholesterol diet suggests that the amount of dietary fat absorbed may be a major determinant of the amount of cholesterol absorbed. Subjection of cockerels to the feeding of a high-fat, high-cholesterol diet over a prolonged period resulted in an increase in lipid absorption. Cockerels which survived 410 days of feeding maintained throughout the test, a lower mean plasma cholesterol level than nonsurvivors. The blood vessels of survivors compared to nonsurvivors showed little evidence of atherosclerosis. / Land and Food Systems, Faculty of / Graduate

The following report is a summary of an investigation undertaken on behalf of the Canadian fishing industry, more especially the inland fisheries of the Prairie provinces, by the Fisheries Research Board of Canada. The investigation was allotted to the Pacific Fisheries Experimental Station at Vancouver, the actual work being performed in the Physics Department of the University of British Columbia. The application of physical methods to biological and other problems is becoming more prevalent. The case in hand is an example of the application of physics, more particularly the laws of light scattering, to determining the infestation of fish by Triaenophorus crassus. The arguments wherever possible have been stated in everyday language and notwithstanding the possibility of boring the informed reader, all experiments are described in detail. This, it is hoped, will accomplish two purposes. Firstly the biologist will have a better understanding of the investigation and secondly the application of physics to similar problems can be assessed. Included at the end of the section on candling is an attempt to explain the formation of shadows by objects imbedded in turbid media. The argument is first given, in simple language followed by a mathematical discussion. The complexity of the theory of scattered light in terms of ultimate processes need not be stressed. A treatment based on the theory of M. Born is found in Appendix I. / Science, Faculty of / Physics and Astronomy, Department of / Graduate

The spontaneous occurrence of a liver disease in mink (Mustela vison) prompted an investigation of the animal's environment in the search for a possible aetiological factor. The pathological findings suggested that the disease was diet-induced and possibly resulted from the presence of a toxic factor in the feed. A series of experiments were carried out to ascertain if the condition arose through the action of a transmissible infective agent or from an inadequate supply of some essential nutrient. No evidence was obtained in support of either of these possibilities. Since the pathology noted was suggestive of a hepatotoxic factor or factors and was unlike any of the described intoxications arising from bacterial metabolites, major attention was given to a study of the possible role of the fungi as causative agents. Some fungi, when given the necessary conditions of temperature, moisture and substrate, elaborate toxins that are poisonous to a large number of species. The possibility that a fungal toxin was the cause of the disease in mink was therefore investigated. A literature review covering the mycotoxicoses has been compiled. In order to test the susceptibility of the mink to fungal toxicosis, a model was set up in which mink were fed a ration containing a known fungal toxin, aflatoxin. The mink proved highly susceptible to this toxin. The pathology of aflatoxicosis in the mink has been documented. The fungal population of the mink ration and its cereal ingredients was examined for toxin-producing fungi. A series of toxicity assays were conducted to screen the large number of organisms isolated from mink rations. Toxigenic fungi were isolated from: wheat used in mink ration formulations. The role of cottonseed oil as an agent contributing to this liver condition has been investigated. It is suggested that cottonseed oil either contains a toxic component or contains a specific factor which can be used by a fungus in some phase of its metabolism, and that the by-product of this metabolic pathway may accumulate as a toxic compound. / Land and Food Systems, Faculty of / Graduate

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Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 147-161).

While the integration of anti-TB and cART therapies is associated with substantial clinical improvement in the majority of patients, HIV-Tuberculosis associated Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome (TB-IRIS) has been shown to occur in a significant subset of these patients. TB-IRIS is an inflammatory complication of the combined treatments for HIV-1 and tuberculosis, which is being reported increasingly, particularly in areas endemic to both diseases. This work aimed to characterise the immunopathogenesis of paradoxical HIV-Tuberculosis associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome.

A research report submitted to the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Medicine in the branch of Diagnostic Radiology, Johannesburg, 2017 / Ultrasound is the conventional and best imaging modality used to visualize the thyroid and thyroid-related disease. An adequate ultrasound report can significantly influence clinicians in making management decisions in these patients. Aim: The aim of this study was to critically assess the quality of thyroid ultrasound reports generated at Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital (CMJAH), a training hospital in Johannesburg, South Africa. Method: A retrospective cross-sectional study was performed. The quality of thyroid ultrasound reports was determined by using a data collection sheet that included items that should be contained in a thyroid ultrasound report. The contents of the data collection sheet was guided by current literature (including Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (TIRADS); Thyroid, Head and Neck Cancer Foundation (THANC); American Thyroid Association guidelines (ATA), British Thyroid Association guidelines (BTA) and the Society for Endocrine, Metabolism and Diabetes of South Africa (SEMDSA)). The data collection sheet was designed by the principal investigator and supervisors. The quality of reports of training radiologists, sonographers as well as qualified radiologists were documented. Comparisons of the quality of reports was made between the above groups of reporters. / XL2018