Thesis (L.L.M.)--York University, 2000. Graduate Programme in Law. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references. Also available on the Internet. MODE OF ACCESS via web browser by entering the following URL: http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/yorku/fullcit?pMQ59546.

Objective: To synthesize evidence from the recent interventions to improve organ donation rates and attitude towards organ donation. The effective intervention is defined as significant increases in the enrollment rate of organ donation and positive changes of attitude. And the second one is to give recommendations on feasible intervention designs based on the specific situation of Mainland China. Methods: A systematic review was conducted through PubMed, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar and reference lists. The quality of the studies was evaluated by CONSORT guideline. Results: Nine randomized control studies were included in this systematic review, and the quality of all these studies was average. The main targets of the studies were religious beliefs, distrust medical system, lack of knowledge and fear of premature death. Using lay health advisors, implementing lecture, presentation and discussion, and exposure to mass media with donation information frequently were all identified as effective components to change the attitude and improve the enrollment rate. Conclusion: Based on this systematic review, discrepant interventions could change the public attitude towards organ donation and improve the enrollment donation rate in the United States. However, given the cultural differences in China, more research is needed to see whether implementation of these interventions could improve the situation of organ donation in China. / published_or_final_version / Public Health / Master / Master of Public Health

Background. Organ transplantation as one of the most effective treatment options for patients with organ failure is challenged by organ shortage around the world. This systematic review aims to summary relevant factors influencing people’s intention and behavior for organ donation. Method. Three databases, namely PUB med, Medline and China knowledge resources integrated database, were applied for literature searching. Fourteen studies, which meet the inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria, are used in this review. Quality assessment was proceeding upon STROBE checklist. Results. Seven factors influencing individuals’ intentions and behavior for organ donation are summarized, including: demographic factors, cultural factors, attitudes towards death and funeral, family influence, information accessibility for organ donation, distrust medical community and legislation for organ donation. In addition, two more factors, acceptance of brain death and effectiveness in receiving donation request, are associated with family consent to organ donation. Conclusion. This review highlights factors could influence individual’s intention and behavior for organ donation. Potential implications could be implemented base on the effect of these factors. Possible interventions, upon demographic characteristics, dealing with Chinese traditional concept and enhancing knowledge and exposure of organ donation, to Chinese population are discussed. Limitations of this systematic review are also mentioned. / published_or_final_version / Public Health / Master / Master of Public Health

Thesis (B.A.)--Haverford College, Dept. of Philosophy, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M Nursing (Advanced Practice))--University of South Australia, 1996

Thesis (M. P. H.)--University of Hong Kong, 2007.

Thesis (M. P. H.)--University of Hong Kong, 2007. / Also available in print.

Background: Organ transplantation is getting more important and the demand increased exponentially in the past decade. However, due to the shortage of organ supply, some people died while waiting for an organ and the other may rely on all forms of organ support to live. Hong Kong has the lowest organ donation rate among the developed world despite large-scale organ donation enhancement activities implemented for decade. Since consent from family members is mandatory, it is important to understand the reasons relatives given for consenting or refusing to donation. Objectives: (1) To investigate the change of attitudes towards organ donation in Hong Kong during 2004 to 2012. (2) To understand the difficulties of transplant coordinators encountered during counseling Methods: This is a cross-sectional survey looking at the recent change of reasons of the families of the potential donors to make decision about donation. Transplant coordinators of all 7 clusters completed questionnaires after counseling each potential donor referred during the 7 months study period. Demographic data and reasons of refusal or consent of donation were recorded and analyzed and compared with previous results. Difficulties of transplant coordinators encountered during counseling were recorded. Results: Totally 52 questionnaires were completed within 7 months. The conversion rate were similar when compared to that in 2004 (44.3% in 2004 vs 40% in 2012). The proportion of older potential donor in the refusal group is higher than that of consent group (> 60 years old 51.6% vs 38%,). The demographic data was neither statistical significantly different between consent and refusal group nor correlated with refusal of donation. From 2004 to this survey, the most common reason to refusal remained to be the traditional belief of buried intact. Both were 33%. The “expressed wish of the deceased to object donation while alive” increased from 13% in 2004 to 20% in 2012 (p=0.378), and “no consensus from family” dropped from 26% in 2004 to 11% in 2012 (p=0.083). The reason “no expression of any wish” remained static when compared to that in 2004 (15% vs 16%, p=0.982). The reason for consenting to donation changed a lot. Although the most common reason remained the “wish to help others” (94% vs 41%, p<0.0001), the second and third reason changed to “feeling good by being charitable” (21% vs 0%, p=0.0071) and “not to waste useful organs” (18% vs 3%, p=0.0455) while the fourth reason was “respect deceased’s choice”(14% vs 0%, p=0.0278). The reasons of refusal and consenting donation are explained in the context of the decision-making process. The main obstacles the transplant coordinators have encountered were knowledge gap, emotion, time pressure and family or social disharmony. Conclusion: The major reasons for consenting and refusing donation did not only change in position but also change in proportion in last decade. The importance of some reasons increased significantly and strategies to improve conversion rate should be adjusted according to the changing reasons. Education to change the traditional belief, encourage expression of donation wish, create position image of donation and the benefit of transplant are all important. / published_or_final_version / Public Health / Master / Master of Public Health

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Duquesne University, 2009. / Title from document title page. Abstract included in electronic submission form. Includes bibliographical references (p. 266-289) and index.