Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-11T13:49:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Stephane Soares Girao.pdf: 815578 bytes, checksum: a4bd155e52feefa3aed028147fc9068c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-09-30 / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Amazonas / O tema desta dissertação versa sobre o desenvolvimento do processo dramatúrgico no texto teatral, elegendo-se como perspectiva o Teatro Moderno, para a apreciação crítica das peças Pic-nic (1952) e Fando y Lis (1955), de Fernando Arrabal. O escopo da pesquisa consiste em uma análise em torno das peças a partir de uma abordagem teórica que leia as obras sob o prisma histórico-filosófico, com vistas à compreensão dos fatores que direcionam a escrita dramatúrgica. Primeiramente, apresentamos uma contextualização histórica e teórica sobre os movimentos estéticos que fazem parte dos fundamentos do Teatro do Absurdo, e, consequentemente, da dramaturgia de Arrabal. Na segunda parte (composta pelos dois últimos capítulos) analisamos os discursos, os tipos sociais e suas relações com a guerra e a violência, bem como a representação dos espaços e objetos nos contextos literários estudados, para compreender as orientações estéticas utilizadas pelo dramaturgo. As principais referências teóricas se apoiam em Anne Ubersfeld, Francisco Torres Monreal e Ángel Berenguer.

Cette thèse se présente comme une enquête : elle constate tout d’abord l’existence, sur les scènes contemporaines (XXe-XXIe siècles), de personnages de bonimenteurs et d’une référence récurrente à un art du bonimenteur. Que charrie cet imaginaire ? Comment s’est constituée cette figure fictive, qui s’ancre néanmoins dans une histoire concrète ? En quoi les particularités du dispositif oral du boniment ont-elles pu contribuer à la pérenniser ? Notre recherche s’est organisée selon une double enquête historique : sur ce qui a constitué, au XIXe siècle, l’art du boniment, et sur l’entrée du boniment dans la fiction, notamment grâce à une artification partielle datant elle aussi du XIXe siècle. L'examen de la transition entre une fonction théâtrale précisément située dans le temps et une fonction dramatique active sur les scènes et les écrans modernes met au jour les spécificités du bonimenteur, qui, du fait de sa position entre salle et scène et entre son et image, semble créer un geste théâtral particulier.Cette enquête nous conduit ainsi à voir dans le bonimenteur une figure qui interroge le rapport du théâtre à l’oralité et à son histoire. Qui pourrait incarner en somme une autre image du théâtre, reposant sur la force d’un oral performé. / This thesis was written as an investigation. It first focuses on the presence on contemporary stages (20th and 21st centuries) of characters commonly known as bonimenteurs and the recurrent reference to the art of boniment. What does this imaginary world convey? How was this fictional figure constructed and how is it rooted in a tangible history? And how have certain specific oral codes used in boniment contributed to its historical durability? Our research was developed around a dual historical investigation. It examines what constituted the art of boniment throughout the 19th century, while also considering the introduction of boniment into fiction, due in part to a partial shift into an art form also observed in the 19th century. The study of the transition between a theatrical function precisely defined in a historical timeline and an active dramatic function on stage and modern screens highlights the specificities of the bonimenteur. Thanks to his or her position between room and stage, sound and image, the bonimenteur seems to create a specific dramatic gesture.This work also leads us to consider the bonimenteur as a figure questioning theatre’s relationship with orality and its history, which may embody another representation of theater based on the power of orality as performance.