Submitted by Sabrina Mariel Correa da Silva null (sabrina-mcs@hotmail.com) on 2017-09-09T20:28:49Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Avaliação do leito de secagem com piso de blocos drenantes para lodos gerados em Estação de Tratamento de Esgoto Sanitário.pdf: 5804082 bytes, checksum: 8cc37b8853ee2d81114909c7918f9163 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Monique Sasaki (sayumi_sasaki@hotmail.com) on 2017-09-11T20:56:50Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 silva_smc_me_bauru.pdf: 5804082 bytes, checksum: 8cc37b8853ee2d81114909c7918f9163 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-11T20:56:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 silva_smc_me_bauru.pdf: 5804082 bytes, checksum: 8cc37b8853ee2d81114909c7918f9163 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-07-31 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Esta pesquisa sobre leito de secagem modificado com piso de blocos drenantes (wedge wire) foi desenvolvida em três etapas, sendo um acompanhamento em escala real com descartes de lodo aeróbio, outra realizada em escala piloto com descartes de lodo anaeróbio, ambos gerados em estação tratamento de esgoto sanitário (ETE), e a terceira etapa foi um levantamento de dados operacionais de alguns leitos com piso de blocos drenantes existentes no Brasil. O leito de secagem convencional de areia ainda é o método mais utilizado no Brasil para desaguamento de lodo em ETE de pequeno e médio porte. No entanto, devido ao aumento de fiscalização por órgãos ambientais, aumento de exigência por qualidade no tratamento de água e esgoto, custos elevados no gerenciamento, além de problemas com a eficiência de secagem final do lodo, odores e manutenção dos leitos, as empresas têm buscado alternativas de novas tecnologias, e/ou até mesmo por otimizações nos próprios leitos. Uma alternativa que tem se mostrado eficiente no desaguamento de lodos é o leito modificado com piso de blocos drenantes. Porém, ainda há pouca experiência com relação ao dimensionamento do leito, à sua operação e à sua eficiência por ser uma tecnologia pouca explorada no exterior e recém-chegada ao Brasil. Portanto esta pesquisa teve como objetivo avaliar o desaguamento de lodo de esgoto em leito com piso de blocos drenantes nas fases de drenagem e secagem. A drenagem do lodo foi avaliada através da vazão de drenagem após filtração de lodo no bloco drenante, da redução de volume de lodo no leito e da caracterização da qualidade da água drenada. Já a secagem foi avaliada a partir da variação do teor de sólidos totais do lodo durante o período de secagem. Como é um processo natural de secagem, o acompanhamento das condições climáticas local foi realizada. Os resultados foram satisfatórios tanto para o lodo aeróbio quanto para o anaeróbio. Em relação a drenagem, após um dia do descarte de lodo no leito com piso de blocos drenantes houve redução em torno de 90% do volume para lodo aeróbio e 70% para lodo anaeróbio. Já o teor de sólidos totais final obtido na secagem variou de acordo com o tipo de lodo, volume, taxa de aplicação de sólidos e condições climáticas. O melhor resultado de secagem para o lodo aeróbio foi de 95,3% de sólidos totais em 36 dias de secagem, e para o lodo anaeróbio, o máximo atingido foi de 63,5% em 24 dias, em condições de secagem diferentes. / This research about wedge wire floor sludge bed was developed in three stages, first one was a monitoring in real scale with aerobic sludge discards, another one performed in a pilot scale with anaerobic sludge discard, both generated in wastewater treatment plant (WWTP), and the third stage was a survey of operational information of some wedge wire floor sludge bed in operation in Brazil. The conventional sand drying bed is still the most used system in Brazil for dewatering and drying of sludge generated during sewage treatment in small and médium size WWTP. However, due to the increase in inspection by environmental agencies, increased demands for quality in treatment, high costs in management, as well as problems with final sludge drying efficiency, odors and bed maintenance, the companies have been looking for alternatives to new technologies, and even optimizations in existing beds. An alternative that has proven efficient in the dewatering of sludge is the modified sludge bed with wedge wire floor. However, there is still little experience with the dimensioning of the bed, its operation and efficiency because it is a technology that has not been used abroad and recently arrived in Brazil. Therefore, this research had as objective to evaluate the dewatering of sewage sludge in wedge wire bed in the drainage and drying phases. The drainage of the sludge was evaluated through the drainage flow after filtration in the wedge wire floor, the reduction of sludge volume in the bed and the characterization of the quality of the drained water. Drying was evaluated by increasing the total solid content of the sludge during the entire drying period. As it is a natural drying process, monitoring of the local climatic conditions was performed. The results were satisfactory for both aerobic and anaerobic sludge. In relation to the drainage, after one day from discharge in the bed, there was a reduction of around 90% of the volume for aerobic sludge and 70% for anaerobic sludge. However, the final solid content obtained in the drying varied according to the type of sludge, volume, solids application rate and climatic conditions. The best drying result for aerobic sludge was 95.3% of total solid in 36 days of drying, and for anaerobic sludge the maximum reached was 63.5% in 24 days, in different climate conditions.

The thesis is focused on the sludge management at root sewage treatment plants with focus on volum eis highest – sludge manahement. Sludge dewatering using sludge dryiing bed is still condemned designers mainly due to their lack of experience, while at the same time enforcing technologically complex solutions. Therefore, the thesis focuses on the break down balance hydrological equation sludge drying bed, which includes all parameters affecting water balance system. The result is a proposal not only design, but in particular a description of input data and the governing equations in software Reed-Bed, which is calibrated own operational results obtainde for the two sewage treatment plants (village Dražovice and Kotenčice). Reed-Bed software will perform sevetal functions: setting the ground area of sludge bed, investment costs required for the implementation of sludge bed, return on investment, the determination of moisture contene of sludge in the sludge bed and maximum lenght of the dewatering period with regard to wetland vegetation. The second largest item within sludge system creates biomass wetland plants, so work deals with possibilities biomass processing plant at the end of the growing season. Technological processing of biomass was tested on common reed, final product pellets for heating.

L'usage des lits de séchage plantés et non plantés (LSP et LSNP) pour le traitement des boues de vidange (BV) augmente en Afrique de l’Ouest malgré leurs performances parfois mauvaises et leur dimensionnement empirique. Pour contribuer à I'accès aux performances épuratoires des LSP et LSNP, le suivi de 13 lits de séchage expérimentaux a été réalisé. Sur la base de l'équation de consolidation de Terzaghi, un modèle, permettant de simuler I'humidité volumique des boues sur les lits, a été développé selon 2 approches. Les résultats montrent des performances épuratoires mitigées. Pour des valeurs seuils de concentrations de BV, les 3 espèces testées sur les LSP ont flétries. Les simulations avec l’Approche 1 présente des erreurs absolues relatives inférieures à 15% et sont meilleures que ceux avec l'approche 2. Cependant, I'approche 2 a l'avantage de reproduire les tendances de l'évolution des coefficients de consolidation et perméabilité des boues en fonction de la profondeur et du temps. / Despite the bad performances sometimes obtained according to the context and the empirical method of design, the use of drying beds (planted and not planted) for the treatment of faecal sludge (FS) increase in West Africa. To access to treatment performances in local context (Ouagadougou), the monitoring of 13 experimental drying beds were done. Based on the Terzaghi consolidation equation, the development of a numerical model were done according 2 approaches. Regarding removal efficiency, the performances of treatment of sludge on drying beds were mitigated. The results demonstrate that Oryza longistaminata, Sporobolus pyramidalis and Cyperus alopecuroïdes cannot be used in sludge drying planted beds for the treatment of FS. The simulations with the model in the approach 1 were better than those in approach 2. However, the approach 2 can reproduce the trends of volumetric moisture, the trends of consolidation coefficient and permeability as a function of depth and as a function of time.