Submitted by Ana Valéria de Jesus Moura (anavaleria_131@hotmail.com) on 2018-07-25T14:43:45Z No. of bitstreams: 1 JAMILE SEIXAS- Dissertação de Jamile_completa_revisada.pdf: 1275137 bytes, checksum: 834eadc9c9f40141a7aba37a315e9bf1 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ana Valéria de Jesus Moura (anavaleria_131@hotmail.com) on 2018-07-25T14:44:01Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 JAMILE SEIXAS- Dissertação de Jamile_completa_revisada.pdf: 1275137 bytes, checksum: 834eadc9c9f40141a7aba37a315e9bf1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-25T14:44:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JAMILE SEIXAS- Dissertação de Jamile_completa_revisada.pdf: 1275137 bytes, checksum: 834eadc9c9f40141a7aba37a315e9bf1 (MD5) / A presente dissertação foi desenvolvida no intuito de demonstrar que a teoria estadunidense do dever da acomodação razoável, o duty of reasonable accommodation, pode ser recepcionada no ordenamento jurídico brasileiro como instrumento de efetividade do direito fundamental à liberdade de consciência e de crença, principalmente quando revestida pela liberdade religiosa a ser exercida na relação de emprego. Sendo a religião uma convicção subconsciente de quem a possui, impossível que dela o homem se dissocie no ambiente de emprego, pelo que deve ser respeitada e tolerada, mas desde que seu exercício não implique prejuízos excessivos e desarmonia ambiental. Nesse espeque, dita teoria mostra-se como a melhor técnica de sopesamento entre os direitos fundamentais à livre iniciativa e à propriedade privada em circunstância conflituosa com o exercício da liberdade religiosa, servindo de parâmetro às alterações contratuais do vínculo empregatício, moldadas pela legislação trabalhista. Assim, práticas de cunho religioso como proselitismo, escusa de consciência e mudança de credo devem ser acomodadas, porém, em consonância com os limites nucleares dos direitos fundamentais em voga. A pretensão especial dessa pesquisa é demonstrar que o dever da acomodação razoável é a instrumentalização mais equilibrada da aplicabilidade dos direitos fundamentais sobre as relações privadas, devendo por isso ser difundida no Brasil por representar também, mesmo que indiretamente, a redução das práticas intolerantes e discriminatórias. / The present dissertation was developed in order to demonstrate that the American theory of the duty of reasonable accommodation, the duty of reasonable accommodation, can be accepted in the Brazilian legal system as an instrument of effectiveness of the fundamental right to freedom of conscience and belief, especially when coated religious freedom to be exercised in the employment relationship. Since religion is a subconscious conviction of who possesses it, it is impossible for man to dissociate himself from the environment of employment, so he must be respected and tolerated, but provided that his exercise does not entail excessive harm and environmental disharmony. In this context, this theory is shown as the best technique for balancing the fundamental rights to free initiative and private property in a situation that conflicts with the exercise of religious freedom, serving as a parameter to the contractual changes in the employment relationship, shaped by labor legislation. Thus, religious practices such as proselytism, conscientious objection and change of creed should be accommodated, however, in line with the core limits of fundamental rights in vogue. The special claim of this research is to demonstrate that the duty of reasonable accommodation is the most balanced instrumentalization of the applicability of fundamental rights over private relations, and should therefore be diffused in Brazil because it also represents, even indirectly, the reduction of intolerant and discriminatory practices .

Une bourse d'études du Conseil de recherches en sciences humaines (CRSH) a été accordée à l'auteur pour la réalisation de ce projet de recherche. / Suite à l’étude de la genèse de deux régimes occupant une place fondamentale en droit du travail québécois, soit le régime public de réparation des lésions professionnelles institué par la Loi sur les accidents du travail et les maladies professionnelles, et l’obligation d’accommodement raisonnable, issue du droit à l’égalité consacré à l’article 10 de la Charte québécoise, ce mémoire s’intéresse au déploiement du conflit normatif et du conflit juridictionnel découlant de l’évolution en parallèle de ces deux sources d’obligations pour les employeurs, dont l’objet est la réintégration et le maintien du lien d’emploi du salarié atteint d’un handicap. Cette étude propose ensuite d’explorer les conséquences juridiques de la solution retenue par la Cour d’appel du Québec, dans l’arrêt Caron rendu en juin 2015, laquelle décide de juxtaposer une obligation d’accommodement raisonnable au régime public de réparation des lésions professionnelles. Ainsi, ce mémoire met en évidence les conséquences en droit constitutionnel canadien et quasi constitutionnel québécois de la démarche utilisée dans l’arrêt Caron et des résultats auxquels elle a conduit, en recentrant la place du droit à l’égalité en droit public et en discutant de ses impacts sur la séparation des pouvoirs. En outre, ce revirement jurisprudentiel engendre maintes difficultés au regard de la particularité du droit administratif, plus spécifiquement quant au rôle et aux pouvoirs limités de la C.N.E.S.S.T. et du T.A.T.-D.S.S.T. Enfin, cette analyse fait ressortir que la solution retenue par la Cour d’appel porte atteinte à l’équilibre que s’efforce de maintenir ce régime public reposant sur un important compromis social. / Following the review of the genesis of two fundamental regimes in Quebec labour law, the public system that provides repairs to injured workers, established by the Act respecting industrial accidents and occupational diseases, and the duty to provide reasonable accommodation arising from the right to equality under section 10 of the Quebec Charter, this thesis focuses on the development of the normative conflict and the jurisdictional conflict stemming from the parallel evolution of these two sources of obligations for employers. Both of these are based on the reinstatement of disabled workers and the continuation of their employment relationship. This study proposes to explore the legal consequences of the solution adopted by the Quebec Court of Appeal in Caron’s case, dated June 2015, in which the Court decided to overlay the employer’s duty to accommodate onto the Workers’ Compensation public system. Thus, emphasizing on the role that the right to equality plays in public law and discussing its impact on the separation of powers, this thesis shows the consequences from the approach used in the Caron judgment and its particular results through Canadian constitutional and Quebec quasi-constitutional principles. Furthermore, this significant change gives rise to many difficulties regarding the particularities of administrative law, and more specifically, the role and the limited powers of C.N.E.S.S.T. and T.A.T.-D.S.S.T. Finally, this analysis highlights that the solution held by the Court of Appeal infringes on the balance attempted by the public system based on an important social compromise.