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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Radicaux π-conjugués pour la construction et le contrôle redox d'assemblages moléculaires organisés / π-conjugated radicals for the construction and redox control of organized molecular assemblies

Kahlfuss, Christophe 30 October 2015 (has links)
L’objectif de la thèse vise au développement d’architectures moléculaires et supramoléculaires commutables par contrôle rédox. La stratégie proposée repose sur l’exploitation du processus de π-dimérisation subi par les radicaux cations de dérivés du viologène comme force motrice pour la génération électro-induite de mouvements intramoléculaires. Nous décrivons la conception de nouvelles charnières organiques à squelette calixarène permettant d’accéder à des pinces moléculaires. Convenablement fonctionnalisée par des mâchoires de type pyridine-pyridinium, le mouvement de la pince est déclenché par la combinaison d’une activation chimique et électrochimique. Dans un deuxième exemple, nous montrons comment il est possible de verrouiller et déverrouiller les mouvements de la charnière calixarène en utilisant un réseau de liaisons hydrogène intramoléculaires. Nous décrivons également la conception d’une charnière inorganique originale fondée sur un complexe de palladium qui joue le rôle du pivot d’un carrousel moléculaire dont les bras à base de viologène sont mis en rotation sous l’effet d’une réduction électrochimique centrée sur les motifs viologènes. Le contrôle rédox des phénomènes d’auto-association au sein de polymères de coordination dynamiques est également abordé au travers de deux exemples de pinces moléculaires aux mâchoires fonctionnalisées soit par des briques auto-complémentaires, soit par des ligands bidentés. Dans un dernier exemple, un centre métallique palladium est utilisé à la fois comme vecteur de polymérisation et comme charnière pour la π-dimérisation intramoléculaire de ligands ditopiques à base de viologènes. / The aim of the thesis is to develop new concepts in the design of redox-switchable molecular and supramolecular architectures. The strategies which have been implemented rely on the π-dimerization of viologen radical cations as a driving force for the generation of electron-triggered intramolecular movements. Upon studying a series of viologen-appended calixarenes, we have established that bipyridinium radicals can be reversibly -dimerized under the joined effects of chemical (proton transfer) and electrochemical (electron transfer) stimulus. Our investigations also led to the discovery that a bis-pyridinyl appended calixarene intermediate is involved in a fully reversible redox-triggered sigma-dimerization process. We have also established that the ability of a phenol-containing calixarene to dimerize in its two electron reduced state depends on a subtle balance of weak interactions associated with hydrogen bond formation on the lower rim and orbital overlap between -radicals on the upper rim.We also demonstrate that inorganic hinges based on palladium complexes can be used as pivots in viologen-containing π-dimerizable architectures. The redox-controlled self-assemby of dynamic coordination polymers is also addressed through two examples of molecular tweezers, whose arms are functionalized by self-complementary complexing units or by bidentate ligands. In a last example, a palladium metal center is used both as a carrier of polymerization and as a hinge enabling the intramolecular π-dimerization of ditopic viologen-based ligands.
2

Příprava a vlastnosti stavebních bloků speciálních polymerů / Preparation and properties of building blocks of specialty polymers

Šichová, Kristýna January 2014 (has links)
This Diploma Thesis presents results obtained by solution of two partial projects: a) Preparation of monomers from renewable sources using metathesis and tandem hydrogenation catalyzed with ruthenium compounds - project solved during my Erasmus stay at the Université de Rennes 1 in France; b) Preparation and properties of ,-bis(tpy)quarterthiophene oligomers carrying ionic side groups as oligomonomers for polyelectrolyte conjugated dynamers - project solved at the Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague. Project a): Self-metathesis of 1,2-epoxyhex-5-ene (but-3-enyloxirane) and its cross-metathesis with methyl acrylate and acrylonitrile catalyzed with ruthenium compounds as well as tandem design of these metatheses and consecutive hydrogenation of their products by gaseous hydrogen have been optimized. The following influences have been studied and tuned: (i) type of the catalyst (Grubbs, Hoveyda, Zhan) and its concentration and method of dosing, (ii) concentration of reactants and additives, (iii) type of solvent, and (iv) reaction temperature. Reactions were monitored by the GC, GC and MS methods and the products were characterized by the NMR method. Methyl 6,7-epoxyheptanoate (methyl 5-oxiranylpentanoate) obtained by the tandem...

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