Thesis (M. Phil.)--University of Hong Kong, 2009. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 141-148). Also available in print.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1970. / Typescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliography.

Heap memory allocation plays an important role in modern applications. Conventional heap allocators, however, generally ignore the underlying memory hierarchy of the system, favoring instead a low runtime overhead and fast response times. Unfortunately, with little concern for the memory hierarchy, the data layout may exhibit poor spatial locality, and degrade cache performance. In this paper, we describe a dynamic heap allocation scheme called pool allocation. The strategy aims to improve cache performance by inspecting memory allocation requests, and allocating memory from appropriate heap pools as dictated by the requesting context. The advantages are two fold. First, by pooling together data with a common context, we expect to improve spatial locality, as data fetched to the caches will contain fewer items from different contexts. If the allocation patterns are closely matched to the traversal patterns, the end result is faster memory performance. Second, by pooling heap objects, we expect access patterns to exhibit more regularity, thus creating more opportunities for data prefetching. Our dynamic memory optimizer exploits the increased regularity to insert prefetch instructions at runtime. The optimizations are implemented in DynamoRIO, a dynamic optimization framework. We evaluate the work using various benchmarks, and measure a 17% speedup over gcc -O3 on an Athlon MP, and a 13% speedup on a Pentium 4. / Singapore-MIT Alliance (SMA)

The purpose of this research was to quantify feedstock supply risk over the lifetime of an agricultural residue-based (straw and chaff) biorefinery and to determine the range of delivered prices. The Peace River region of Alberta was used as a case study for analysis, with a geographic information system utilized for data analysis. Inter-year availability of crop residues was highly variable over the 20 year period under study, which created significant differences in the delivered price of feedstock between minimum, average, and maximum availability scenarios. At the four primary study sites (Fahler, Grimshaw, Peace River, and Sexsmith), the range was from double the average availability for the maximum scenario to zero biomass available for the minimum scenario. Biomass availability is a function of grain yield, the biomass to grain ratio, the cropping frequency, and residue retention rate used to ensure future crop productivity. Using minimum, average, and maximum supply scenarios, delivered price was determined using the dynamic (time-dependent) Integrated Biomass Supply Analysis and Logistics (IBSAL) simulation model. Five biorefinery capacities, ranging from 50,000 to 500,000 tonnes of feedstock per year, were analyzed. Since no biomass was available to model in true minimum years, a simulated minimum of half the average availability was used. Delivered cost, including harvest and transportation, for the 50,000 t plant ranged from $24.01 t-1 for the maximum availability scenario at the Sexsmith site to $42.63 t-1 for the simulated minimum scenario at the Fahler site. The range for the 500,000 t plant at the Sexsmith site was $41.78 for the maximum availability and $70.98 for the simulated minimum availability. As no biomass is available (and hence the true cost is unknown) in some years, storage strategies must be implemented and alternate feedstock sources identified to supply biorefineries in low-yield years. Since feedstock cost is a large component of total operating cost of a biorefinery, feedstock supply variability and delivered cost inconsistency should be primary decision criteria for any future biorefinery projects. / Applied Science, Faculty of / Chemical and Biological Engineering, Department of / Graduate

No description available.

Speckle tracking of synthetic aperture RADAR imagery (Radarsat-1/2, ALOS PALSAR) and feature tracking of optical (Landsat-7 ETM+) imagery is used to determine the entire surface velocity structure of the major ice masses of the Canadian High Arctic in 2000, 2010-2015 and for select tidewater terminating glaciers from 1999-2010. At the termini of tidewater glaciers, surface ice velocities are combined with measured/modelled ice thicknesses to derive an estimate of mass loss via dynamic (iceberg) discharge. The total dynamic discharge for the ice masses of the southern Canadian Arctic Archipelago (SCAA: Baffin and Bylot Islands) is between ~17 and 180 Mt a-1 (0.017 to 0.180 Gt a-1) for the period 2007-2011, compared to a dynamic discharge of ~2.47  ± 0.88 Gt a-1 for the northern Canadian Arctic Archipelago (NCAA: Devon, Ellesmere, Axel Heiberg Islands) for the period 2011-2015. A comparison of these values with rates of mass loss via climatic mass balance (surface melt and runoff) indicates that dynamic discharge accounted for ~3.1% of total ablation for the NCAA in 2012 and ~0.11% of total ablation in the SCAA between 2007 and 2010. This reveals that total ablation in the Canadian Arctic is currently dominated by surface melt and runoff. The glacier velocity dataset provides the most comprehensive record of ice motion and dynamic discharge in the Canadian Arctic to date and reveals a large degree of variability in glacier motion within the region over the last ~15 years. Most of the major glaciers in the NCAA have decelerated and their resultant dynamic discharge has decreased over the observation period, which is largely attributed to cyclical phases attributed to surging and pulsing. On pulse-type glaciers, variation in ice motion is largely confined to regions where the bed is located below sea level. A notable departure from the overall trend of regional velocity slowdown is the widespread acceleration of the Trinity and Wykeham Glaciers of the Prince of Wales Icefield (the largest glacier complex in the Canadian Arctic), which cannot be explained by surge or pulse mechanisms. The increased discharge from these two glaciers nearly compensates (within error) for the decrease in iceberg discharge from other glaciers across the study region and indicates that total dynamic discharge from the Canadian Arctic can be sensitive to the variations of ice flow of just a few glaciers.

No description available.

In 2007, it was estimated that approximately 20% of the United States population spoke more than one language (Grosjean, 2012). As this statistic continues to rise, it is imperative that speech-language pathologists (SLP) are prepared to serve a linguistically inclusive caseload. Dynamic assessment (DA) allows clinicians to assess bilingual children while avoiding sources of bias that are often associated with norm-referenced testing. Utilizing DA to evaluate the multifaceted skills associated with narrative language can provide clinician’s clinical direction for intervention planning (Douglas, Chanthongthip, Ukrainetz, Spencer, and Steeve, 2017). DA is often structured as a pretest-teach-posttest model, which provides insight on current learning ability rather than current skillset. Dose refers to both the measured quantity of a therapeutic agent to be taken at one time and the specification of on-going exposure to an again (i.e., daily, weekly, monthly, etc) (Justice, 2018). In reference to speech-language pathology, dose often refers to the duration of intervention sessions over a given period. However, researchers are beginning to conceptualize dose as the engagement in therapeutic events rather than the duration of time spent in a session (Williams, 2012). In such cases, dose is represented as something the child does (e.g., produces a target phoneme) and as something the clinician does (e.g., providing exposure to a target phoneme) (Hassink & Leonard, 2010). While research on dose continues to develop, there is little research on implications of dose in bilingual populations. Due to the current COVID-19 global pandemic, many SLPs have transitioned their practice to alternative methods of delivery. The current study aims to examine the impact and opinions of practicing SLPs on dose, narrative intervention, and dynamic assessment of bilingual populations. The study surveyed licensed SLPs to obtain information on the current practices and definitions of dose, DA, and subsequent language interventions to bilingual populations.

In this work, liquid phase Carbon-thirteen DNP experimental data were collected in a flow transfer system for different mono-substituted aromatic compounds, such as, anisole, nitrobenzene and halobenzenes. These substitute groups covered a wide range of electronic effects from strong electron donating groups to strong electron withdrawing groups. Hammett linear free energy relationship was used to quantitatively study the electronic effect of substituent on the carbon-thirteen DNP enhancement. It was found that the carbon-thirteen DNP enhancements at meta and para positions exhibits a reasonable correlation. A better correlation of carbon-thirteen DNP enhancements with the Hammett inductive factor was observed. A large scalar dominated enhancement at ipso (C-1) position was observed for iodobenzene. This suggests that facile transfer of spin polarization to the C-1 carbon via the highly polarizable iodine atom is possible and the dominate electron transfer mechanism for this system. A model of polarization transfer via spin diffusion of abundant proton spins was examined. The results indicate that it is not important. / Master of Science

Dynamic partial reconfiguration of FPGAs allows systems to autonomously alter sections of their design during runtime based on the state of the system. This functionality provides size, weight, and power benefits that are useful in extreme environments such as space. Therefore, NASA has requested research into the feasibility of using a commercial off-the-shelf software flow to convert a static HDL design to support partial reconfiguration. This project presents an analysis of this conversion process using the Xilinx Partial Reconfiguration Flow to convert the static design for the ITU G.729 Voice Decoder. This paper explores the design modifications that must be made to allow for partial reconfiguration. Furthermore, an in-depth description of how to set up the hardware platform to support the HDL application is provided. Finally, timing and size data are presented and analyzed to empirically show the benefits and limitations of using dynamic partial reconfiguration.