This diploma work deals with the manner in which the internal auditor should communicate the results of their engagement findings to other departments within the organization. This diploma work deals with to whom the internal auditor should disclose certain facts and how to choose the appropriate form of audit reports in order to give their addressees best possibility to point to these audit findings and create follow-up with an effective remedy for the irregularities found.

The thesis is focused on external and internal audit. It describes the principles, the common features and major differences. It also demonstrates their implementation in practice.

This thesis analyzes the materiality, as an important part of the audit. The main goal is to show the individual areas of the audit, which the materiality touches and illustrate its impact. The theoretical part describes the history, legislation, terminology and methodology used in the audit with regard to materiality. Thesis also includes a practical example that illustrates the application of materiality on audit unnamed real company.

The diploma thesis focuses on professions of external and internal auditors. The aim of the thesis is to describe the professional liability of studied professional occupations. This issue is solved from the perspective of the Czech Republic. In the first part the thesis characterizes auditing activities and the Chamber of Auditors of the Czech Republic. It describes requirements of the profession of external auditor and focuses on his workflows. It also characterizes the internal audit and the Czech Institute of Internal Auditors. The thesis describes requirements of the profession of internal auditor and focuses on his workflows. The main part of the thesis defines the professional liability of the external and internal auditors and separately describes the criminal liability of auditors. The last part of the thesis contains a comparison of the discovered information and it also describes selected practical examples of violation of the professional liability of auditors.

Over the last few decades, organizations have become increasingly dependent on information technology for the support of their business processes. IT has brought many benefits to the operations of organizations, as well as new risks. Internal control systems implemented to mitigate business risks thus needed to be extended to include a new group of IT controls. One of the areas of business operations that has been strongly associated with IT since the beginning of its widespread use is accounting. This master's thesis examines the effect of IT controls on financial statements of an organization as well as an audit of these financial statements. Principal aim of this thesis is to identify a set of IT controls relevant for a statutory audit. Emphasis is placed on controls covering the areas of information security, computer operations and change management related to information systems. A secondary aim is an analysis of control weaknesses (their nature and frequency of occurence) noted in the presented set of IT controls in a sample of statutory audits conducted in the last four years. For the most common control weaknesses, risks as well as possible causes are discussed and recommendations for improvement are provided.

Diploma thesis aims to clarify necessity of the use of IS audit in the financial audit and to identify the main areas of IS audit, which are necessary to focused during the financial audit. IS Audit is a developing area, but it is not always taken as a natural part of the financial audit. The first part summarizes the theoretical knowledge of the financial audit and the audit of information systems. The second part describes the links between these two types of audit, the reasons why i tis necessary to involve the IS audit into the financial audit and the method of tis involving. In the end, there is an output of IS audit performed within the financial audit on the basis of the identified areas.

The statutory auditor is required to submit an independent professional opinion about whether the financial statements give a true and fair view of the financial situation of the company and whether the financial statements are prepared in accordance with applicable accounting standards. Auditor reinforces credibility of information included in financial statements. External users are then able to make reasonable economic decisions based on those financial statements. Auditor performs many activities during audit and substantive procedures are one of them. Substantive procedures are tests of account balances and transactions that auditor performs to obtain information about the completeness, accuracy and relevance of the financial records. The goal of the theoretical part of the thesis is to describe the development of the audit profession, applicable legal and ethical standards regulating the audit profession and describe all the stages of the audit process. The goal of the practical part is to describe and audit of fictional manufacturing company with a focus on substantive procedures that the auditor performs on tangible and intangible assets.

The goal of the thesis is to explain tools and techniques used in the field of audit and compare their use in the context of internal and external audit. The theoretical part states firstly different features of both types of audit, issues of professional ethics and legal framework. Next, tools and methods of external audit are stated, as well as its goals and nature. In the subsequent chapter, the same aspects are explained for internal audit and finally, we discuss the cooperation between and comparison of the two types of audits. The practical section is focused on usage of the techniques in practice and their benefit in the form of practical experience. Real company data are used to demonstrate usage of the described techniques in practice in external and internal audit. In the final chapter, comparison of the results of both audits are stated, i.e. the auditor opinion and internal audit report which include suggestions for improvement in the audited fields.

One of the main objectives of this thesis is to present the issue of internal audit and define its corresponding place in the management of an organization. Furthermore, the goal of this thesis is to highlight the fact that human resources are one of the key success factors of an organization and, therefore, to highlight the need for a personnel audit. Last but not least objective of thesis is to create a basic idea about how personnel audit is done. The target area of this diploma thesis is the government, particularly local government. This corresponds with the structure of the thesis which is initially focused on the area of internal audit, namely in the personnel audit with its specifications applicable to the public sector. Consequently the thesis introduces the local government of Slovak Republic. Finally selected methods used in personnel audit are processed and applied directly to the Municipality of Martin.

Práce shrnuje problematiku auditu informačního systému a tyto poznatky následně využívá při provedení auditu informačního systému v reálné společnosti. Audit je prováděn pomocí metodiky COBIT a respektuje nejen požadavky metodiky kladené na audit ale i speciální požadavky, které stanovila organizace. Práce zároveň ověřuje použitelnost metodiky COBIT při provádění auditu v podmínkách středně velké české společnosti.