In Taiwan, residential businesses is one of the most important supports for the city economy, and that¡¦s why it has gained the reputation of the leader of the industry. Its rises and falls will influence the living quality of the people as well as the general economy of the city. Hence, residential businesses is the key factor for economic rebuilding. The government has adopted various measures to promote ¡§City Vitalization¡¨. However, these policies were invalid due to the change of the industrial types, the migration of the traditional industry, and the increase of the unemployment, which have led to the price drop in real estate. According to the 2002 residential survey, there are 499,429 houses in Kaohsiung with a 16% vacancy rate. In other words, there are 82,275 vacant dwellings. This research was conducted because China and Taiwan have become the members of the World Trade Organization¡]WTO¡^ in 2001 and 2002 respectively, which would substantially liberalize the so-called ¡§three-links¡¨ policy. In practice, it will increase the international trade opportunities for both sides of Taiwan Straits. Direct flights are a virtual certainty. The negotiations on air ties will set a brand-new situation. When it comes to direct flights, Taiwan government holds ¡§Kaohsiung is before Taipei¡¨ policy. Therefore, The Kaohsiung International Airport will be the top priority. Consequently magnificent commercial opportunities will be brought and undoubtedly benefit the residential property. Nominal Group Technique¡]NGT¡^ is a way of organizing a meeting to enhance its productivity. Its purpose is to balance and increase participation, to use different processes for different phrase of creative problems solving and to reduce errors in aggregating individual judgments into group decisions. It is especially useful for problem identification, problem-solving and program planning. For gathering various opinions, researchers have attended NGT meetings twice, conducted a questionnaire, and interviewed experts and the conclusions are described as follows:Kaohsiung, located in the southern part of Taiwan, is not only the biggest commercial harbor and the second largest city in Taiwan, but also the chief center of the heavy industry. If the government could improve its image and investment environment to attract foreign businessmen and capital, its real estate would boom again. As the reason mentioned above, Kaohsiung government should actively participate in talks on the issue of ¡§three links¡¨ and request Beijing to put forth concrete strategies to promote collaboration between both sides of the Taiwan Straits for a win-win relationship.

The goal of this thesis is to determine the correlation between the practice of working at home and the theoretical needs of sustainable living. The author presents a brief synopsis of the present theories of sustainability which he then uses as an evaluative backdrop for the study. Urban transport, architectural design and quality of life issues are addressed. The author conducted an extensive literature review, several case studies and a survey. Conclusions drawn from these studies were used to attempt to envision sustainable home working communities. / It was found that sustainability was directly related to whether the home worker telecommutes or operates a home-based business. Home-based business owners continue to be heavily reliant on automobile transportation, while telecommuters make fewer overall trips and travel shorter distances than conventional commuters. Although neither work type demands significant changes to the infrastructure of the typical residence, home-based businesses require more space and more attention to design. Telecommuting has potential adverse side effects of personal isolation and physical strain. To ensure the sustainability of working at home, the practice must be adopted as an integral part of a larger transformation on the scale of the local community.

No description available.

In 1984 the State Parliament of Victoria began the process of legalising sectors of the Victorian sex industry. Reforming legislation was enacted in 1984, 1986 and 1994. To date there has been no research assessing the changes to the industry that have occurred as a result of the legalisation process, and in particular, the effect it has had on the lives of the women working in the industry. / This research has examined the impact of sex industry law reform on the working and private lives of women in the Victorian sex industry. Interviews were conducted with twenty women, nine of whom had worked in the industry prior to legalisation. All but four of the interviewees had experienced work in the industry before and after reforms. / A number of significant findings were made. Since legalisation brothels have become cleaner and physical surroundings have been improved. However, the owners and managers of industry businesses have increased their level of control over workers by determining services to be offered, fees to be charged and clothes to be worn.

Thesis (LL.M.)--University of Melbourne, 2001. / Typescript (photocopy). Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Master's Programme in East and Southeast Asian Studies)--Lund University, 2003. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 50-53). Also available via the World Wide Web.

Thesis, PlanB (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Stout, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references.

This research is about financing practices of Pakistani-immigrant and indigenous-owned small travel agents. The study provides an understanding of the capital structures of businesses owned by both groups and compares these to draw similarities and differences between both groups. The research integrates the 'ethnic enclave' immigrant theory, the capital structure theory in particular the Pecking Order Hypothesis, the role of 'networks' in business financing, and the business life-cycle theories. The research question and the research hypotheses emerged from the literature reviewed. Ten case studies, five Pakistani businesses and five indigenous businesses, confirmed the hypotheses which formed the basis of a survey of a large sample of sixty businesses, thirty in each group. The case study data is considered invaluable since it provided the real evidence of the sensitive nature of financial information in these businesses. The methodology adopted was a combination of qualitative and quantitative approaches. The findings of the study show that there are more similarities than differences among the capital structures of both groups of businesses. The nuclear family plays a crucial role throughout the life-cycle of the business in both groups. The role of family labour is not as prominent as among other industries such as Confectionery, Tobacconists, and Newsagents (CTN's). Informal sources of finance are preferred over formal sources by both groups of businesses due to their availability and lower cost. The Pecking Order Hypothesis theory applies to both groups of businesses. The main sources of formal finance were high street banks, bank overdrafts and loans. Pakistani businesses were not disadvantaged in any way by the formal providers of finance. This research is the first to report on the comparative capital structures among both groups of businesses. However, although considerable contribution has been made by this research to the small business finance literature further research should be conducted into the area.

No description available.

M.Comm. / Towards addressing the detrimental economic effects past dispensations had on the marginalized majority, different Government initiatives and other interventions have been put in place to encourage the participation of Blacks in the economy of South Africa. These development initiatives seek to address poverty and unemployment levels, some focussing on growing small, medium, and micro enterprises (SMMEs). Growth and sustainability of such businesses can only be achieved through the maintenance of appropriate financial information, on which economic decisions are based, but such information can only be generated or processed if relevant and adequate accounting data, through accounting recordkeeping, are maintained. The study examines whether this is also applicable to micro or survivalist businesses, and was carried out to investigate the accounting records maintained by small Black-owned businesses in QwaQwa. In the literature study it became vital to elucidate the uniqueness of micro and survivalist businesses as they are often generalised under the rather broad umbrella of the term ‘SMMEs’. The literature further indicates that there is no prescribed regulation or framework specifically for accounting recordkeeping in micro and survivalist businesses. The dissertation analyses responses to questionnaires administered to a purposively selected sample of 88 small Black-owned businesses in QwaQwa, and interpreting 44 respondents interviewed. The interviews became necessary due to insufficient responses to the section in the questionnaires addressing the third research objective. Hence, both a quantitative and a qualitative research design were eventually used. Data collection took place at respondents’ business premises. Responses to the questionnaires were analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), which was used to generate descriptive statistics. The researcher documented the interview proceedings in written format. Common responses from interviews were clustered in themes then interpreted. Results show that small Black-business owners maintain some basic form of accounting records such as sales records, payment records and stock records, however, since they operate mainly on the cash basis, debtors’ and creditors’ records were seldom maintained. These findings are consistent with previous studies into the kind of accounting records maintained by small businesses. Small Black-business owners also perceived maintaining accounting records to be important in determining the profitability and future sustainability of their businesses. These owners, however, demonstrated limited understanding of accounting concepts and principles or how these applied to their business. They identified a need for some form of interventions to improve their knowledge of accounting recordkeeping and risk management. A further need identified was the availability of funds to finance their businesses. Therefore, financial help together with training and development are needed to better their businesses. This may go a long way in improving growth and stability, as well as reducing the poverty and unemployment rate in the country. In order for micro and survivalist business owners to realise some of the benefits of maintaining relevant accounting records, it is recommended that the owners are trained on how to keep basic accounting records that are useful and easy to convert into accounting information, and that may add value to their businesses and ensure the monitoring of profitability and sustainable growth.