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Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo geral aprofundar os conhecimentos sobre a Síndrome de Eagle e a Síndrome de Ernest, a fim de obter dados clínicos e científicos que permitissem ao clínico um diagnóstico mais efetivo destas, suas relações com as desordens craniomandibulares (DCMs) e a possível conduta clínica frente a essas síndromes. Por se tratarem de patologias que apresentam sintomatologia dolorosa e sinais e sintomas semelhantes àqueles da disfunção temporomandibular, tornam-se fatores complicadores do diagnóstico e do tratamento em si. Fatores etiológicos como estresse, traumas na região de cabeça, injúrias mandibulares, acidentes automobilísticos, cirurgias ou tratamentos dentais, entubação, amidalectomia e bruxismo ou apertamento dental foram estudados e desenvolvidos no presente trabalho, que contribuiu ainda com a apresentação de um recurso semiotécnico simples e importante para avaliação de tais anormalidades, através da análise de radiografias panorâmicas. Das 1063 radiografias panorâmicas analisadas, constatou-se a presença de alterações na cadeia estilohióidea em 86 delas, as quais foram reavaliadas e os respectivos pacientes submetidos a um questionário de avaliação médica. Os resultados nos levaram à conclusão de que fatores como injúrias mandibulares e traumas na região de cabeça e pescoço podem ser os prováveis fatores causadores das alterações na cadeia estilohióidea, além da associação com o estresse. Além disso, um dado relevante foi observado – 100% dos pacientes do estudo apresentaram distúrbios oclusais, o que nos levou a inferir que um novo fator etiológico poderia estar sendo proposto. / The aim of the study at issue is to deepen the knowledge of Eagle Syndrome and Ernest Syndrome in order to get the practical and scientific directions providing the doctor with a more effective diagnosis, clearing the relationship between them and the TMJD (temporomandibular joint disorders). It might show the clinical procedure concerning the mentioned diseases. Once the aching syntomatology is similar to the signals and symptoms of the temporomandibular disorders, the differencial diagnosis and medical care of the disease get to be complicated. Etiological facts like stress, physical harm on the head, mandibular injuries, car accidents, dental care, surgeries, intubation, tonsillectomy, bruxism or dental tightness are studied and developed in this present study, which also contributes toward a presentation of a simple and important diagnosis technique resource to the evaluation of the cited abnormalities by analyzing panoramic radiographies. An alteration in the stylohyoid chain was testified in 86 from 1063 panoramic radiographies. They were all examined in detail and the patients were given a medical evaluation enquiry. The results made us conclude that factors like stress, mandibular injuries, head and neck traumas could be the causing factors of the alteration in the stylohyoid chain. Furthermore, an unexpected datum was achieved – 100% 1of patients under the study suffered from occlusion disorder, which made us infer that a new etiological factor could be proposed.

Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo geral aprofundar os conhecimentos sobre a Síndrome de Eagle e a Síndrome de Ernest, a fim de obter dados clínicos e científicos que permitissem ao clínico um diagnóstico mais efetivo destas, suas relações com as desordens craniomandibulares (DCMs) e a possível conduta clínica frente a essas síndromes. Por se tratarem de patologias que apresentam sintomatologia dolorosa e sinais e sintomas semelhantes àqueles da disfunção temporomandibular, tornam-se fatores complicadores do diagnóstico e do tratamento em si. Fatores etiológicos como estresse, traumas na região de cabeça, injúrias mandibulares, acidentes automobilísticos, cirurgias ou tratamentos dentais, entubação, amidalectomia e bruxismo ou apertamento dental foram estudados e desenvolvidos no presente trabalho, que contribuiu ainda com a apresentação de um recurso semiotécnico simples e importante para avaliação de tais anormalidades, através da análise de radiografias panorâmicas. Das 1063 radiografias panorâmicas analisadas, constatou-se a presença de alterações na cadeia estilohióidea em 86 delas, as quais foram reavaliadas e os respectivos pacientes submetidos a um questionário de avaliação médica. Os resultados nos levaram à conclusão de que fatores como injúrias mandibulares e traumas na região de cabeça e pescoço podem ser os prováveis fatores causadores das alterações na cadeia estilohióidea, além da associação com o estresse. Além disso, um dado relevante foi observado – 100% dos pacientes do estudo apresentaram distúrbios oclusais, o que nos levou a inferir que um novo fator etiológico poderia estar sendo proposto. / The aim of the study at issue is to deepen the knowledge of Eagle Syndrome and Ernest Syndrome in order to get the practical and scientific directions providing the doctor with a more effective diagnosis, clearing the relationship between them and the TMJD (temporomandibular joint disorders). It might show the clinical procedure concerning the mentioned diseases. Once the aching syntomatology is similar to the signals and symptoms of the temporomandibular disorders, the differencial diagnosis and medical care of the disease get to be complicated. Etiological facts like stress, physical harm on the head, mandibular injuries, car accidents, dental care, surgeries, intubation, tonsillectomy, bruxism or dental tightness are studied and developed in this present study, which also contributes toward a presentation of a simple and important diagnosis technique resource to the evaluation of the cited abnormalities by analyzing panoramic radiographies. An alteration in the stylohyoid chain was testified in 86 from 1063 panoramic radiographies. They were all examined in detail and the patients were given a medical evaluation enquiry. The results made us conclude that factors like stress, mandibular injuries, head and neck traumas could be the causing factors of the alteration in the stylohyoid chain. Furthermore, an unexpected datum was achieved – 100% 1of patients under the study suffered from occlusion disorder, which made us infer that a new etiological factor could be proposed.

Population genetic structure is widespread in many organisms and can be found at small spatial scales. Fine-scale differentiation is the result of ecological and evolutionary processes working together to produce an overall pattern, but the relative importance of these factors in population differentiation is poorly understood. The goals of my research were to describe patterns of population genetic differentiation and to identify ecological and evolutionary factors important for population divergence. To this end, I investigated several aspects of genetic differentiation for three vertebrates in northern California. The focal species were the terrestrial garter snake (Thamnophis elegans) and the common garter snake (Thamnophis sirtalis) that occupy a series of ponds, lakes and flooded meadows in northern California. I found significant genetic differentiation and isolation by distance, as well as correlated patterns of pairwise divergence in both species. Independent estimates of effective population size and bi-directional migration rates also uncovered source-sink dynamics in both species that suggest frequent extinction-recolonization events within a metapopulation context. The generality of source-sink dynamics for an ecologically similar species within the same ecosystem was explored using a third species, B. boreas. I also identified ecological correlates of several population genetic parameters for all three species. Although F[subscript ST] were similar, B. boreas had larger effective population sizes, lower migration rates, lacked source-sink dynamics, and appeared to be in migration-drift equilibrium, indicative of a temporally stable population structure. A clustering analysis identified a series of block faults as a common barrier to dispersal for both garter snakes, and ecological correlates were found to be more similar among response variables than within species. I then compared degree of genetic differentiation at quantitative traits with that at neutral markers to infer strength of selection and adaptive divergence between two ecotypes of T. elegans. Selection on most traits was relatively weak, but strong diversifying selection was found for background coloration, total number of ventral scales and number of infralabials. Overall, my research documented ecological and evolutionary processes associated with population differentiation in a metacommunity and respresents an important contribution toward the unification of ecology and evolutionary biology. / Graduation date: 2005

Expanded production of hydrocarbons by means of horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing of shale formations has become one of the most important changes in the North American petroleum industry in decades, and the Eagle Ford (EF) Shale play in South Texas is currently one of the largest producers of oil and gas in the United States. Since 2008, more than 5000 wells have been drilled in the EF. To date, little research has focused on landscape impacts (e.g., fragmentation and soil erosion) from the construction of drilling pads, roads, pipelines, and other infrastructure. The goal of this study was to assess the spatial fragmentation from the recent EF shale boom, focusing on La Salle County, Texas. To achieve this goal, a database of wells and pipelines was overlain onto base maps of land cover, soil type, vegetation assemblages, and hydrologic units. Changes to the continuity of different ecoregions and supporting landscapes were then assessed using the Landscape Fragmentation Tool as quantified by land area and continuity of core landscape areas (those degraded by “edge effects”). Results show an increase in ecosystem fragmentation with a reduction in core areas of 8.7% (~333 km²) and an increase in landscape patches (0.2%; 6.4 km²), edges (1.8%; ~69 km²), and perforated areas (4.2%; ~162 km²) within the county. Pipeline construction dominates sources of landscape disturbance, followed by drilling and injection pads (85%, 15%, and 0.03% of disturbed area, respectively). This analysis indicates an increase in the potential for soil loss, with 51% (~58 km²) of all disturbance regimes occurring on soils with low water-transmission rates and a high runoff potential (hydrologic soil group D). Additionally, 88% (~100 km²) of all disturbances occurred on soils with a wind erodibility index of approximately 19 kt/km²/yr or higher, resulting in an estimated potential of 2 million tonnes of soil loss per year. Depending on the placement of infrastructure relative to surface drainage patterns and erodible soil, these results show that small changes in placement may significantly reduce ecological and hydrological impacts as they relate to surface runoff. Furthermore, rapid site reclamation of drilling pads and pipeline right-of-ways could substantially mitigate potential impacts. / text

Title: The project of educational cycling trails in Protected Landscape Area of Eagle mountains  Objective The aim of this work is to create prject of three cycling trails, with three degrees of difficulty in eagle mountains area. The trails will be shown in information brochure with photos and information about this area. The brochure will be available in tourist information centre and online on some web page. Methods Analyzes of existing trails in this area, searching for information about interesting places, history and geografical points. Consulting and verifying this information with people from Eagle mountains PLA (Protected Landscepe Area) organization and interviewing locals about this area. Verifying trails by group of cyclists. Results The result of this thesis is a brochure with three bicycle educational trails in eagle mountains. The brochure contains maps, photos, cultural stops and other informatin about this area. Key words: Eagle mountains, educational trail, bicycling Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Title: The project of educational cycling trails in Protected Landscape Area of Eagle mountains Objective The aim of this work is to create prject of three cycling trails, with three degrees of difficulty in eagle mountains area. The trails will be shown in information brochure with photos and information about this area. The brochure will be available in tourist information centre and on ČD (Czech railways ) and CHKO (www.chko.cz) web pages for free download. Methods Analyzes of existing trails in this area, searching for information about interesting places, history and geografical points. Consulting and verifying this information with people from Eagle mountains PLA (Protected Landscepe Area) organization and interviewing locals about this area. Verifying trails by group of cyclists. Results The result is a brochure with three bicycle educational tracks in eagle mountains. The brochure contains maps, photos, cultural stops and other informatin about this area. Key words: Eagle mountains, bicycle track, protected area, bicysle trail, Educational trail

This investigation compared statistical parameters for the blood serum chemistries of free ranging Osprey nestlings from Florida Bay and an Osprey population from Lake Istokpoga, in Central Florida (Chapter 1). Florida Bay Ospreys showed higher mean rank values for alanine aminotransferase (H=6.79, P=.009), alkaline phosphatase (H=6.48, P=.011), and sodium (H=5.7, P=.017), and Central Florida had higher mean rank values potassium (H=13.19, P=.000) and carbon dioxide (H=6.23, P=.013). Serum chemistries values were also compared between free-ranging Bald Eagle and Osprey nestling in Florida Bay estuary in southern Florida (Chapter 2). There were significant differences between serum values of Bald Eagle and Osprey nestlings. Bald Eagle serum values were higher for total protein (H=17.833, P=.00002), Albumin (H=7.449, P=.006), Aspartate aminotransferase (H=113.153, P =.0001), and Calcium (H=7.148, P = 008). Osprey serum values were higher for alanine aminotransferase (H=11.824, P = 0.0005), alkaline phosphatase (H=105.5, P =.0001), creatine kinase (H=13.465, P = 0.0002), carbon dioxide (H=4.443, P = 0.035) and cholinesterase (H=99.3, P=.0001). Sixteen nestling Bald Eagles were fitted with satellite platform transmitter terminal (PTT) or VHF radio transmitter package for a duration of six years (Chapter 3)= to identify their movement and dispersal. One of the 15 eagles migrated to North Carolina, whereas the other 14 (93%) confined their movements to Florida. Tracking duration per individual ranged from 82 to 1,531 days. We estimated first-year survival as 52% and 67% for the period from 1.5 to 3 years. Diamondback Terrapins (Chapter 4) were evaluated by an integrated assessment of physical, chemical, and physiological parameters. Extreme site fidelity of the turtles to mangrove habitat was evident along with a strong female biased sex ratio. There was a significant difference in the total number of individuals collected at the two sites (P =. 01) despite the total size and shorelines of the two sites being very nearly the same. Total recapture rate was 70% for combined population (TLK = 80% and CKW = 48%). We provide blood serum values and microbial cultures as baselines from these turtles in the wild. / Includes bibliography. / Dissertation (Ph.D.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2014. / FAU Electronic Theses and Dissertations Collection

This diploma thesis deals with an eagle owl as a model species for environmental education. The first part focuses on this species and how it was perceived in the past and the possible reasons for its pursuit. The second part focuses on the progressive return of this owl to Czech nature and legal measures to protect it. In the third part the thesis focuses on the presence of eagle owl in neighbouring countries of the Czech Republic and their latest states and legal measures. The last and practical part is focused on the perception of secondary forestry students and grammar school students on the return of selected vertebrates to Czech nature. This part focuses mainly on comparing the perception of eagle owl to other vertebrates in Czech nature.