L'industrie aéronautique, dans le cadre de l'avion plus électrique, met en oeuvre le remplacement d'actionneurs pneumatiques ou hydrauliques par des actionneurs électromécaniques. Cela permet de réduire le nombre de réseaux de distribution présents dans l'avion, de faciliter la maintenance et d'améliorer le rendement. Le but final est de réduire la masse et d'améliorer l'efficacité énergétique globale d'un avion pour réduire sa consommation en carburant. Les travaux de ce mémoire de thèse s'inscrivent donc la logique de réduction de la masse des convertisseurs tout en assurant des critères de perturbations CEM (Compatibilité ElectroMagnétique). En effet, les normes CEM sont de plus en plus contraignantes, en particulier les domaines sensibles tel que l'aéronautique. Les filtres CEM sont donc de plus en plus nombreux. Dans ces filtres, les composants magnétiques occupent plus de 50 % de la place et surtout de la masse. L'objectif de cette thèse est de faire émerger des solutions innovantes, en dotant les filtres CEM passifs d'un composant magnétique unique pour les perturbations de mode conduites afin de réduire sa masse. Afin de comprendre leur fonctionnement, suite à une étude bibliographique, nous avons réalisé une étude comparative de topologies à composant magnétique unique. Nous avons développé un outil de modélisation fréquentielle du composant magnétique unique. A partir d'une modélisation <<système>> nous avons pu prendre en compte l'environnement du composant magnétique (Réseau Stabilisateur d'Impédance de Ligne (RSIL), Source de perturbations, Capacités) et une modélisation plus fine des propriétés magnétiques du composant. Grâce à un modèle gyrateur-capacité, nous avons pu prédire les performances du filtre complet dans son environnement et l'optimiser. Cette étude nous a permis de réaliser une topologie de composant magnétique unique plus compacte et plus performante que la topologie existante. Par ailleurs, nous avons démontré la faisabilité de l'intégration sur PCB (Printed Board Circuit) d'alliage nanocristallin en réalisant une autre topologie de composant unique basée sur les mêmes facteurs que la précédente mais intégrée dans un PCB. Les verrous technologiques auxquels nous avons été confrontés et les solutions que nous avons proposées pour les résoudre sont détaillés dans le mémoire. / In the context of the more electric aircraft, the industry replaces pneumatic or/and hydraulic actuators for electromechanicalactuators. The ultimate goal is to reduce the weight and improve the overall energy efficiency of an aircraft to reduce fuelconsumption. This thesis aims the mass reduction converters while providing criteria EMC interference (electromagneticcompatibility). In fact, EMC standards are becoming more stringent, particularly in sensitive areas such as aeronautics. EMCfilters are more numerous. In these filters, the magnetic components have more than 50% of the space and weigth. Theobjective of this thesis is to design innovative EMC filters solutions, using a single magnetic component, to reduce conducted disturbances (common and differential modes). Following a review of the literature, we conducted a comparative study of single magnetic component topologies. We have developed a modeling tool frequency magnetic single component. From a modeling <<system>> we have to take into account the environment of the magnetic component (Impedance Stabilization Network Line (LISN), Source disturbances and capacities) and a finer modeling of magnetic properties of component. With a gyrator-capacitor model, we could predict the performance of the complete filter in its environment and optimize it. This study has allowed us to achieve a unique magnetic topology component more compact and efficient than the existing topology. In addition, we have demonstrated the feasibility of integrating PCB (Printed Circuit Board) of nanocrystalline alloy by performing another single component topology based on the same factors as above but integrated into a PCB. The technological obstacles which we faced and solutions we have proposed to solve them are detailed in the report.

The presented dissertation thesis is focused on the optimization of filtering circuit synthesis. In the five main sections of this work, the author analyzes partial problems related to several areas within the synthesis of modern filtering circuits. The first chapter constitutes an examination of elementary aspects which characterize present-day integrated circuits in voltage feedback operational amplifiers, and this main content is further complemented with a view on possible application of these circuits for the designing of filtering circuits as proposed within subsequent parts of the thesis. In this context, the second chapter contains a description of the design and optimization of digitally controlled universal filters tunable by means of digital potentiometers originally produced for audio technology. These digitally controlled circuits are increasingly utilized as analog preprocessing blocks in digital signal processing systems. The most extensive portion of the dissertation is dedicated to a complex analysis of individual configurations of economical, purposely lossy active function blocks and modern voltage operational amplifiers. This part of the thesis aims at providing a detailed insight into the characteristics of individual configurations of examined circuits; furthermore, in this respect, the author proposes a comparison of various application possibilities relating to these circuits and their wider use in the field of active frequency filters optimization. The described section of the work also includes a definition and examples of application of the designed and realized program, which facilitates significant simplification of purposely lossy ARC filters. In the penultimate part of the dissertation thesis, the design, development, and verification of a suitable synthesis procedure are presented together with the optimization of data and (in particular) power models of EMC filters. Based on the verification of characteristics inherent with the designed models of EMC filters, the suggested measuring procedure related to these filters is described, including the design of a station for measuring elementary parameters of line anti-interference devices up to very high frequencies. In the last section of the thesis, the author discusses the procedure of air ions concentration measurement through an aspiration condenser and analyzes the systematic and random errors as well as the optimization of filtration characteristics of the applied measurement method. This part includes the description of the design and characteristics of the realized fully automated measurement system with an aspiration condenser.