Submitted by TÂNIA CRISTINA FRIGIERI null (taniacfrigieri@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-07-28T18:00:43Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE - Tânia C. Frigieri.pdf: 1256434 bytes, checksum: e0249c70ba53ee19b732fbe89ec092e6 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Felipe Augusto Arakaki (arakaki@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2016-08-01T14:23:48Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 frigieri_tc_dr_guara.pdf: 1256434 bytes, checksum: e0249c70ba53ee19b732fbe89ec092e6 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-01T14:23:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 frigieri_tc_dr_guara.pdf: 1256434 bytes, checksum: e0249c70ba53ee19b732fbe89ec092e6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-07-06 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / A indústria de papel e celulose é uma das que mais colaboram na contaminação do meio ambiente por compostos organoclorados, principalmente nos processos de branqueamento da polpa. Por isso, o objetivo geral do presente trabalho foi a análise dos organoclorados gerados no efluente de branqueamento (AOX) realizado em duas partes: PRIMEIRA PARTE - produzir três polpas celulósicas proveniente do cozimento kraft, com diferentes quantidades de lignina e ácidos hexenurônicos, e verificar os efeitos que estas têm em relação a geração de AOX no efluente de uma sequência de pré-branqueamento DE. Para a realização deste estudo, foram utilizados cavacos híbridos de Eucalyptus urograndis no cozimento kraft. Após, foram separadas três amostras de polpa marrom, em que uma foi produzida a polpa TRL onde foi realizado o tratamento para retirada da lignina e em outra amostra, o tratamento para retirar os ácidos hexenurônicos, para obter a polpa TRH. Nas três amostras de polpas: marrom, TRL e TRH, foi realizado o pré-branqueamento (sequência DE) com diferentes fatores kappa para análise da quantidade de AOX gerado nos efluentes. Nas polpas foram analisados: alvura, teor de lignina e teor de ácidos hexenurônicos. Os resultados obtidos indicaram que a lignina, quando comparada aos ácidos hexenurônicos, é o que gera maior quantidade de AOX no efluente e também maior quantidade de AOX por número kappa inicial de cada polpa. Os ácidos hexenurônicos dificultaram a retirada da lignina insolúvel da polpa e a lignina não influenciou na remoção dos ácidos hexenurônicos da polpa. Em relação a alvura adquirida na polpa, a lignina influencia no decréscimo do ganho de alvura quando comparado ao ácidos hexenurônicos. SEGUNDA PARTE – comparar uma sequência de branqueamento convencional – OD0(E+P)D1P e uma sequência curta proposta - OAHTDP através da quantidade de AOX gerado no efluente total de branqueamento. Nesta etapa do estudo, foi utilizada a polpa industrial de eucalipto pré-deslignificada com oxigênio para dar continuidade a sequência referência D0(E+P)D1P e a sequência curta proposta - AHTDP, ambas com a alvura objetivo estabelecida de 90± 0,5%ISO. Conclui-se que a sequência referência D0(E+P)D1P gerou mais AOX do que a sequência curta proposta - AHTDP e que a reversão de alvura da sequência referência foi 1,57% ISO enquanto que para a sequência AHTDP foi de 1,88% ISO. Conclui-se, portanto, que a sequência curta proposta AHTDP causou menor impacto ambiental por causa da menor quantidade de AOX gerado no efluente de branqueamento. / The pulp and paper industry is one that collaborate the most in environmental contamination by organochlorine compounds, mainly in pulp bleaching processes. Therefore, the general objective of this study was the analysis of organochlorines generated in the bleaching effluent (AOX) held in two parts: FIRST PART - produce three pulps from the kraft cooking, with different amounts of lignin and HexA's, and check the effects they have compared the generation of AOX in effluents from a sequence of pre-bleaching. For this study, hybrid chips were used Eucalyptus urograndis in kraft cooking. After three samples were separated brownstock, wherein a TRL pulp was produced which was carried out the treatment for the removal of lignin and other sample processing to remove hexenuronic acids, for TRH pulp. All three samples pulps: brownstock, TRH and TRL, pre-whitening (sequence DE) with different kappa factors for analyzing the amount of AOX in effluents generated was performed. The pulps were analyzed: brightness, lignin content and content HexA's. The results showed that lignin compared to HexA's, is what generates greater amount of AOX in the effluent and also increased amount of AOX by initial kappa number of each pulp. The HexA's hindered the removal of insoluble pulp lignin and lignin did not influence the removal of HexA's pulp. Regarding the brightness acquired in the pulp, lignin influences the decrease in brightness gain compared to HexA's. SECOND PART - compare a conventional bleaching sequence - OD0(E+P)D1P and a short motion sequence - OAHTDP through the AOX emissions generated total bleach effluent. In this study phase, industrial pulp predelignified eucalyptus oxygen was used to continue the reference sequence D0(E+P)D1P and short motion sequence - AHTDP, both the brightness established goal of 90 ± 0.5 %ISO. It follows that the reference sequence D0(E+P)D1P AOX generated more than the short proposed sequence - AHTDP and that the brightness reversion of the reference sequence was 1.57%ISO while for AHTDP sequence was 1, 88%ISO. It follows, therefore, that the short motion sequence AHTDP caused less environmental impact because of the lower amount of AOX generated in the bleach effluent.

Orientador: José Arnaldo Frutuoso Roveda / Coorientador: Admilson Írio Ribeiro / Banca: Neli Regina Siqueira Ortega / Banca: Gerson Araújo de Medeiros / Resumo: O processo de Avaliação de Impacto Ambiental (AIA) surgiu na década de 1960, nos EUA e começou a ser utilizado no Brasil, a partir da década de 1970, principalmente para fins de licenciamento ambiental. É composto por um conjunto de procedimentos utilizados para prever, recuperar e/ou mitigar os danos causados ao meio ambiente. Estudos para a otimização desse processo são feitos frequentemente de forma a buscar ferramentas que auxiliem na tomada de decisão e agilização na liberação de licenças ambientais. Os principais métodos utilizados para a previsão e avaliação de impactos são: listas de verificação, matrizes e redes de interação, superposição de mapas e modelos de simulação. Esta dissertação apresenta uma metodologia que aplica a Teoria dos Conjuntos Fuzzy para ser utilizada no processo de AIA. A intenção é mostrar uma ferramenta que auxilie na análise de impacto ambiental e/ou possibilite que a mesma seja realizada de forma mais abrangente. A partir dos parâmetros Duração, Temporalidade, Reversibilidade e Magnitude, apresentados na matriz de avaliação do Estudo de Impacto Ambiental (EIA) de um empreendimento automobilístico, construiu-se dois sistemas baseados em regras para determinar a Significância e a Relevância dos impactos. Os resultados foram bastante significativos de modo que o uso da metodologia mostrou-se bastante interessante por fazer uma análise integrada dos parâmetros, o que geralmente não acontece nos EIAs que fazem análise de forma fragmentada sem esclarecer a forma de agregação das variáveis / Abstract: The process of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) emerged in the 1960s, in US and began to be used in Brazil, from the 1970s, mainly for environmental licensing. It consists of a set of procedures used to predict, recover and / or mitigate the damage caused to the environment. Studies for the optimization of this process are often made in order to seek tools that help in decision making and speeding up the release of environmental licenses. The main methods used for prediction and assessment of impacts are: checklists, interaction matrices, interaction networks, overlay maps and simulation models. This work presents a methodology that applies the Fuzzy Set Theory to be used in the EIA process. The intention is to show a tool to assist in the environmental impact assessment and / or allows it to be carried out more widely. From the parameters: duration, temporality, reversibility and Magnitude, presented in the impact assessment matrix of the Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) of an automobile enterprise, was built two rules-based systems to determine the significance and relevance of impacts. The results were very significant so that the use of the methodology demonstrated much interesting to make integrated analysis of the parameters, which usually not occur in EIAs because these make analysis a fragmented way without explaining the form of aggregation of variables / Mestre

Orientador: Rosani de Castro / Banca: Alberto Pacheco / Banca: Jorge Hamada / Resumo: A problemática envolvendo cemitério segue muito além do que a sociedade ocidental pensa, e normalmente, as atividades cemiteriais são vistas como algo marcante e perturbador. Normalmente ao longo dos tempos, muitos cemitérios, principalmente os públicos, não se atentaram para as preocupações ambientais, nem tampouco conheciam o risco de contaminação, podendo afetar o meio ambiente e a saúde pública com suas alterações físicas, químicas e biológicas nas águas subterrâneas e superficiais e no solo. Os cemitérios mal implantados podem constituir-se numa potencial fonte de poluição, sendo diversas problemáticas envolvidas, aos quais citamos como exemplo os extravasamentos dos líquidos coliqualivos ou conhecidos como necrochorume, as erosões internas das quadras e jazigos, a falta de espaço físico urbano, as construções insustentáveis de jazigos, as enchentes ocorridas no interior dos cemitérios, a questão dos resíduos produzidos nestes empreendimentos, o aumento significativo dos furtos e violações de jazigos, além dos altos custos de um enterro, dentre outros. Diante deste cenário atual, o presente trabalho apresenta e analisa os estudos prévios demonstrados no Relatório Ambiental Preliminar (RAP) ao qual subsidiou a avaliação de impacto ambiental para conquista do licenciamento ambiental para o Cemitério Parque Jardim dos Lírios. E com isso, atentou-se para as mudanças em relação ao tratamento destes empreendimentos, seja na avaliação dos impactos ambientais, seja na adequação do plano diretor municipal, seja nas inovações da construção cemiterial, seja nas operações e gestão ambiental destas atividades. Apresenta-se ainda, as legislações aplicáveis e adequáveis ao caso, as Resoluções CONAMA nº 335 de 2003; nº 368 de 2006 e nº 402 de 2008, e que historicamente tornaram-se... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The problematic involving cemetery goes far beyond what the western society thinks, and ordinarily, the chemeterial activities are seen as something remarkable and troublesome. Notably over time, many cemeteries, mainly the public, did not pay attention to the environmental concerns, nor even knew the risk of infection, being able to affect the environment and the public health with its physical, chemical and biological changes in the superficial, groundwater and in the ground. The cemeteries poorly implemented might become a potential source of pollution being several problems involved, which we quoted as examples the leakages of colligative liquids or known as necrochorume, the internal erosions of the blocks and graves, the lack of physical urban space, the unsustainable buildings of graves, the floods that occurred into the cemeteries, the matter of wase produced in these ventures, the significant increase of thefts and violations of the graves, besides the high cost of a funeral, among others. Before this current scenario, the present project introduces and analyzes the previous studies shown in the Preliminary Environmental Report (PER) which subsidied the evaluation of environmental impact to the conquer of the environmental permit to the cemetery "Parque Jardim dos Lírios". And thus, it was observed that the changes related to the treatment of these ventures, in the evaluation of environmental impacts, in the adequacy of the municipal master plan, in the innovation of the cemetery construction, in the operations and environemental management of these activities. It also has, the suitable and apllicable laws to the case, the Resolutions CONAMA 335 from 2003; 368 from 2006 and 402 from 2008, and which historically became the first specific normalizations to the case, besides another existing environmental laws... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Barragens de rejeitos são estruturas que têm a finalidade de reter os resíduos sólidos e água dos processos de beneficiamento de minério. Seu planejamento inicia com a procura do local para implantação, etapa na qual se deve vincular todo tipo de variáveis que direta ou indiretamente influenciam a obra: características geológicas, hidrológicas, topográficas, geotécnicas, ambientais, sociais, avaliação de riscos, entre outras. Este trabalho apresenta um estudo sobre a utilização do método de analise hierárquica como apoio na tomada de decisões para seleção de locais para barragens de rejeitos. A revisão bibliográfica de fatores que influem nesta etapa de decisão resultou em indicadores claros de avaliação, que foram orientadores para a coleta de dados no estudo de caso. O estudo de caso consistiu na avaliação de três locais para a localização da nova barragem de rejeitos de beneficiamento de cobre a ser construída pela MINER S.A. no município de Carmen de Atrato, na Colômbia. Para a seleção do local entre três alternativas, foram considerados dois aspectos: custo inicial total e impacto ambiental. Na aplicação do método de análise hierárquica, o objetivo principal da hierarquia proposta foi o menor impacto ambiental, considerando-se as três causas consideradas mais importantes: implantação da barragem, ruptura da barragem e transporte de rejeitos da usina ao local de disposição. Foram analisados os impactos potenciais na água, solo, fauna, flora e ocupação humana. Os custos foram tratados separadamente. No final foi realizada uma análise conjunta dos custos iniciais totais e dos resultados do método de análise hierárquica, para servir como apoio ao tomador de decisão. Foi também realizada uma análise de sensibilidade, que mostra a influência significativa de um dos critérios nos pesos finais dos locais avaliados. / Tailings dams are structures designed to retain solid wastes and water generated in the processing of metal ore. The overall planning of these dams starts with site selection, step in which all directly or indirectly influential variables should be considered: geological, hydrological, topographic, geotechnical, environmental and social characteristics, risk evaluation etc. This work presents a study of the utilization of the hierarchy analysis process (AHP) as a tool for decision-making in the selection of sites for tailings dams. The bibliographic review of relevant factors resulted in the proposal of a list of indicators, which was very useful as an orientation for data collection in the study case, and is considered as an important contribution from this research. The study case consisted in the location of the new copper tailings dam of MINER Inc. in Carmen de Atrato, Colombia. Initially, a geochemical software was applied to the region to discard unsuitable areas. For the selection of a site among three resulting alternatives, two aspects were taken into account: total initial cost and environmental impact. In the application of AHP, the main objective of the proposed hierarchy was the lowest environmental impact. Three possible causes were considered as the most important concerning environmental impact: dam and reservoir occupancy, dam collapse and transportation of wastes from the plant to the disposal site. Potential impacts on water, soil, fauna, flora and human occupation were analyzed. Costs were treated separately. Finally, a joint analysis of total initial costs and results from the AHP application was carried out in order to convey a support for the decision maker. A sensilibtily analysis was also performed to show the influence of one of the subcriteria on the final alternatives weights.

O presente estudo analisa a água da bacia do alto Tietê, tanto como insumo na forma de água potável produzido em oito Estações de Tratamento de Água (ETA), quanto insumo na forma de energia hidráulica, ou ainda, como água residuária gerada por diferentes atividades de origem antrópica. O maior problema desta bacia é a água residuária que é lançada nos rio Tietê e Pinheiros devido ao déficit de 32,41 m3/s (2008) no tratamento de esgoto da Região Metropolitana de São Paulo (RMSP) o qual produz uma carga poluidora de 920 mil kg de DBO/dia. As águas urbanas que passam pelo canal do rio Pinheiros no período de cheias e de seca têm o mesmo destino que é o reservatório Billings. No entanto, os atos institucionais que permitem a operação de bombeamento da água para o reservatório são distintos. O primeiro caso ocorre pela ação de controle de cheia da RMSP e está apoiada na Resolução Conjunta de Secretarias de Estado de São Paulo (SEE- SMASRHSO em 13/03/96) que permite o bombeamento das águas nas seguintes situações de emergência: (1) previsão de vazão do rio Tietê no ponto de sua confluência com o rio Pinheiros, acima de 160 m3/s. (2) sobrelevação superior a 30 cm de nível d´água na confluência com o rio Pinheiros. No segundo caso, a Empresa Metropolitana de Águas e Energia (EMAE) propôs o Projeto Flotação à Secretaria de Estado do Meio Ambiente (SMA, 2004) para tratar 10 m3/s de águas originárias do canal de Pinheiros (set/2007 a set/2008) por meio da tecnologia de Flotação em Fluxo. Usando-se como base em informações do Plano de Tratamento de Esgoto para a grande São Paulo (SANEGRAN) e dados da operação do protótipo de flotação do Sistema Pinheiros-Billings (Projeto QAPB), concluiu-se que o impacto ambiental causado no reservatório Billings pela carga de poluentes (massa por segundo) bombeada após a flotação da água do rio Pinheiros foi sempre menor do que aquela observada na operação controle de cheias. O tratamento por flotação apresentou remoção de 91% para o fósforo total, 90% para o E.coli, 53% para a matéria orgânica e 14% para o nitrogênio amoniacal. Observou-se um aumento de 34% para o oxigênio e uma diminuição de 46% na turbidez. A análise da viabilidade técnica da operação do Sistema Elevatório Tietê-Billings realizada pelo Método AHP-Analitic Hierarchy Process, demonstrou que 65,62% da água que entra no reservatório Billings pode ser utilizada para gerar energia elétrica, enquanto que 34,38% desta água pode ser utilizada no abastecimento da RMSP. O estudo da viabilidade econômica comparou o custo do processo flotação com o custo de aporte de água proveniente de outros mananciais e demonstrou que o custo da operação de flotação das águas do rio Pinheiros para servir ao abastecimento da RMSP é economicamente viável. / This study examines the characteristics of the water from the upper Tietê, as an input in the form of drinking water produced in eight stations, water treatment plant (WTP), an input for hydropower generation and wastewater generated by different anthropogenic activities. The most important problem of this basin is the wastewater that is released in the Pinheiros river and due to the deficit of 32.41 m3/s (2008) in the treatment of sewage in the metropolitan region of São Paulo (RMSP) which produces one pollutant load of 920 thousand kilograms of BOD per day. The Pinheiros rivers flow during the floods and drought has the same destination, the Billings reservoir. However, the legislation for floods and drought periods are different. The first case - floods occurs by the action of full control of the metropolitan region and is supported by the Joint Resolution of Secretaries of State of Sao Paulo (SEE-SMA-SRHSO on 13/03/96) that allows the pumping of water in the following emergencies: (1) estimates of flow of the Tietê river at the point of its confluence with the river Pinheiros, above 160 m3/ s; (2) raised level above 30 cm water level at the confluence with the river Pinheiros. The second case - drought, the Metropolitan Company for Water and Energy (EMAE) Project proposed flotation of the Secretary of State for the Environment (SMA, 2004) to treat 10 m3/ s water originating channel Pinheiros (set/2007 the set / 2008) by means of flotation technology in flow. Using information based on Environmental Sanitation Great São Paulo (SANEGRAN) and data from the operation of the prototype flotation system Pinheiros-Billings (Project QAPB), concluded that the environmental impact of the reservoir Billings for the load of pollutants (mass per second) pumped after the flotation of the Pinheiros river water was always lower than that observed in the flood control operation. The treatment presented by flotation removal of 91% for total phosphorus, 90% for E. coli, 53% for organic matter and 14% for ammonia nitrogen. There was an increase of 34% for oxygen and a decrease of 46% in turbidity. The analysis of the technical operation of the lift system Tietê-Billings, held in the AHP-Analytic Hierarchy Process, showed that 65.62% of the water entering the reservoir Billings can be used to generate electricity, while 34.38% this water can be used to supply the ´´RMSP´´. The feasibility study compared the economic cost of the flotation process with the cost of input of water from other sources and concluded that the cost of the flotation of the waters of the Pinheiros river to serve the supply of the metropolitan region is economically viable.

M.Sc.

M.Sc. (Environmental Management) / The minimum requirements for environmental impact assessment (EIA) in South Africa are prescribed in the 2010 EIA Regulations under the National Environmental Management Act (Act No. 107 of 1998) [NEMA]; where EIA is used as a decision-support tool by competent authorities in evaluating the environmental authorisation applications of activities likely to have adverse environmental impacts. Regulations under the National Environmental Management: Waste Act (Act No. 59 of 2008) [NEM:WA] define the nature and thresholds of those waste management activities for which environmental authorisation, in the form of a waste management licence, is required. The aforementioned regulations make a distinction between Category A activities and Category B activities; where an application for authorisation for Category B activities needs to be supported by a comprehensive Scoping and EIA (SIA) process undertaken by an independent environmental assessment practitioner (EAP). With the exception of the disposal of general waste to land, Category B activities relate to hazardous waste storage, treatment, reuse, recycling, recovery and disposal. The above-mentioned SIA process is implemented in two distinct phases, the first of which is the scoping phase; which aims to identify the key potential impacts that could be realised from a development proposal and to set the terms of reference for the subsequent EIA phase. Scoping thus aims, inter alia, to ensure that the overall EIA is undertaken in an efficient and effective manner, with emphasis on identification of impacts of potential significance. By using a modified version of the South African adapted Lee and Colley (1992) Review Package, this dissertation presents the findings of an evaluation of the quality of hazardous waste-related Scoping Reports prepared in South Africa. A sample of 20 Scoping Reports was assessed using the aforementioned review package. The results indicated that 75% of Scoping Reports were undertaken satisfactorily in terms of overall quality. Conversely, 25% of these reports were deemed to be of an unsatisfactory quality, with 10% having been very poorly attempted and deficient in many material respects. This is concerning in respect of the sectoral focus (hazardous waste management) of this research; where by definition, owing to the inherent physical, chemical or toxicological characteristics, the handling of hazardous waste may have a significant detrimental impact on human health and the environment if managed inappropriately.

M.A. / The proposal to build the Gautrain rapid-rail link between Pretoria, Johannesburg and Johannesburg International Airport was approved in June 2000 by the Gauteng Provincial Government. It was noted that this particular development could have serious environmental implications for the area involved. The aim of this research is therefore to identify the most suitable terrain in order to optimise the rail route alignment with minimal environmental impact. This will be accomplished by undertaking a terrain suitability analysis. The different high-speed railway types are discussed and their impact on the environment is considered, culminating in an evaluation of the background and status of the proposed Gautrain rapid-rail link. The different approaches to terrain evaluation are discussed in order to draw conclusions relative to the methodology used in this research. Subsequently the activity approach as described by Mitchell (1991) and Hugo et al (1997) was chosen as the methodology to use for this research and the terrain within the study area was classified according to its suitability for the development of the Gautrain rapid-rail link. A Geographic Information System (GIS) was utilised to aid in the terrain suitability analysis. As a result of the analysis an optimised route is proposed and compared to the rail routes already proposed for the Gautrain rapid-rail link. It is imperative that a terrain suitability analysis should form part of the preliminary phase of any environmental management cycle as portrayed in Fuggle & Rabie (1998), in order to identify suitable terrain for the development in question; the rapid-rail link route should be no exception.

The impacts of golf courses and golf estate developments are great and definite. Proof of this can be seen in several Environmental Impact Assessments (EIA), that have been submitted to the Gauteng Department of Agriculture and Conservation (GDACE) in terms of the Environmental Conservation Act (ECA) (1989) and the National Environmental Management Act (NEMA) (1998). The question is how to limit these impacts on the environment. Guidelines on how to manage and mitigate these impacts are of fundamental importance, to ensure the conservation of the environment. These guidelines should set principles for the management of the environment from cradle to grave, for future golf course and golf estate developments. The main objective of this study was to develop guidelines for Environmental Management Plans (EMP) specifically focused on golf course developments in the Gauteng Province. To achieve this, a comprehensive study was conducted on the factors pertaining to the environmental process by evaluating previous EIA reports and the associated EMP’s as well as the supporting documentation. The EMP’s were evaluated and several shortfalls were identified. The EIA scoping reports were then appraised and ranked accordingly. The scoping reports assess the impacts on the environment. These impacts must be mitigated in the development process. These impacts and mitigation measures must be documented in an EMP. Hence, the connection between the EIA scoping reports and the EMP’s. Several inadequacies were recognized with respect to the inclusion of all the mitigatory measures for all the impacts as identified in the EIA scoping reports. The conclusions drawn in the evaluations were used to develop the guidelines for EMP’s. The guidelines given here will assist in future compilations of EMP’s for golf courses. It is highly recommended that GDACE and environmental consultants adopt this standard in preparing and evaluating applications. / Prof. J.T. Harmse

The purpose of the current research project was to undertake a thorough quantitative and qualitative survey of the vegetation on Ngamba Island. Based on the results of this survey suggestions are made for future management of the chimpanzees on the island. It was assumed that the introduction of chimpanzees onto an island that was previously not inhabited by this species would have an (to be defined) impact on the environment in general, and the vegetation cover, in particular. The woody vegetation was sampled and analysed using the varying quadrat plot method. This method gives the following results per (a) species, (b) stem growth form and (c) height class: 1. Canopy regime at different height levels; 2. Total projected canopy cover, and 3. Density. The results of the vegetation analysis showed that at this stage the forest structure on Ngamba Island still represents a healthy secondary rain forest cover. A major impact chimpanzees have on the woody vegetation cover of Ngamba Island is that they defoliate and destroy trees of all height classes. The number of mature trees that a parent tree produces per fruiting period might often be as little as < 1. Even though chimpanzees act as seed dispensers in their natural habitat the impressive number of seeds dispersed by each individual chimpanzee is therefore put into perspective by the very low final recruitment rate. Resulting from the above it is postulated that the impact of the Ngamba Island chimpanzees as seed dispersers for selected woody vegetation species is of low importance if not negligible. It is by far outweighed by the destruction caused to the secondary rain forest cover of the Island by this newly introduced species. Using different approaches and calculations to estimate the necessary home ranges for chimpanzees in a confined habitat the areas calculated range from 5-56 hectare per chimpanzee. Even though, there is an 11.2-fold difference between these estimates they indicate nevertheless, that Ngamba Island with an area of 42.40 ha of secondary rain forest cover and 16 adult and 17 juvenile chimpanzees is already highly overstocked. In summary the impact the newly introduced species of chimpanzees on Ngamba Island will have over time on the secondary rain forest cover of their forest refuge is that of continuing destruction. Using a rate of destruction of about 0.50 ha per chimpanzee per year the secondary rain forest cover of Ngamba Island will be completely destroyed in 53 years with a stocking density of 16 adult chimpanzees. Increasing stocking density – also through maturing of the juvenile chimpanzees currently present on the Island into a adulthood – will increase the rate of destruction of the woody vegetation cover of Ngamba Island proportionally. / Dissertation (MSc(Wild Life Management))--University of Pretoria, 2006. / Animal and Wildlife Sciences / unrestricted