The main aim of this thesis is to understand the extent to which intraspecific variation in developmental event timing might provide the raw material from which heterochronies may originate. To this end I studied the timing of a suite of both morphological and physiological events in the embryonic development of Radix balthica, a species of aquatic snail known to exhibit event timing variation during the embryonic period (Tills et al. 2010; Rundle et al. 2011) and that sits within an evolutionary clade, in which extensive heterochrony has been documented (Smirthwaite et al. 2007). I found that variation in embryonic developmental event timing within R. balthica is pervasive (Chapters 2 - 5) and distributed primarily at low (inter-individual and egg mass), rather than high (population) biological levels (Chapter 3). This variation also appears to have a genetic basis (Chapter 2) and to be heritable (Chapters 4 and 5). Examination of the development of function in the cardiovascular (CV) system in Chapter 5 also revealed extensive variation, including differences between egg masses in the timing of aspects of this development, and differences between populations in the rates of change in heart rate during different phases of ontogeny. Variation in CV development also had effects on life history, which suggest that altered embryonic development might have implications for Darwinian fitness (Chapter 5). This thesis demonstrates that intraspecific variation in developmental event timing represents a fundamental link between ontogeny and phylogeny and that study of altered timing at the inter-individual level provides the opportunity to address questions concerning its evolvability and implications.

This dissertation examines the concept of event, as found in the ontologies developed by Martin Heidegger (1889-1976) and Gilles Deleuze (1925-1995). The texts I focus on are Heidegger's Sein und Zeit (1927), "Vom Wesen des Grundes" (1928), "Vom Wesen der Wahrheit" (lecture 1930, print 1943), Beiträge zur Philosopie (vom Ereignis) (written 1936-38, but not published until 1989), and Deleuze's Différence et répétition (1968). My focus is on the way each philosopher advances an account of the event in relation to a set of key fundamental themes. For Heidegger, these are truth, difference, ground, and time-space. For Deleuze I also discuss ground and time, but focus especially on difference. Deleuze's account of difference entails a distinction between a “virtual” register of dialectical Ideas and an “actual” register of systems of simulacra, and clarifying his concept of event in relation to these plays a dominant role in my analysis. Deleuze's account of dialectical Ideas is profoundly influenced by that of the early twentieth century mathematician and philosopher, Albert Lautman (1908-1944). Lautman, in turn, developed his account through an engagement with Heidegger's early work. In Chapter V, I reconstruct the Heideggerian line of influence on Deleuze via Lautman. Beginning in the mid-1930s Heidegger understands being to be evental in nature, while difference constitutes an essential dimension of the event, though the latter point is often neglected in the scholarship. Truth, ground, and time-space articulate the structure and dynamics of being as event. For Deleuze, being is difference, but difference differentiates by way of events. Ground, time, systems of simulacra, and dialectical Ideas articulate the structure of being's evental differentiation and the genesis of worlds of beings possessing quasi-stable identities modulated by their complex relations. / McAnulty College and Graduate School of Liberal Arts; / Philosophy / PhD; / Dissertation;

The prospect of using the Internet and other Big Data methods to construct event data promises to transform the field but is stymied by the lack of a coherent strategy for addressing the problem of selection. Past studies have shown that event data have significant selection problems. In terms of conventional standards of representativeness, all event data have some unknown level of selection no matter how many sources are included. We summarize recent studies of news selection and outline a strategy for reducing the risks of possible selection bias, including techniques for generating multisource event inventories, estimating larger populations, and controlling for nonrandomness. These build on a relativistic strategy for addressing event selection and the recognition that no event data set can ever be declared completely free of selection bias.

Charles University in Prague Faculty of Social Sciences Institute of Economic Studies Bibliographic Record of a an Academic Thesis Title in the language of the thesis (as recorded in SIS) Terrorism and market risk assessment Subtitle Translation of the title into English/Czech (as recorded in SIS) Terrorism and market risk assessment Type of the Thesis Master's thesis Author: Bc. Jean Lacroix Year 2015 Advisor of the thesis Mgr Magdalena Patakova Number of pages 77 Awards Specialization Economics (CFS) Abstract in Czech Abstract in English Terrorist attacks are one of the best examples of fast evolving institutional framework. In that context investors are impacted by a lot of pieces of information in a limited period of time. This disturbs the trading behavior and consequently the distribution of returns on the period following the attack (the information was not predicted and directly affects the investment choices). The present thesis focuses on the risk aspect of such disturbances. If terrorist attacks reshape the distribution of returns, it may modify the risk measures (multivariate and univariate). The particularity of the change in distribution implies that the observed translation into financial measures of risk will not be equal among all indicators. First a distinction exists between univariate...

Diplomová práca je venovaná bankovým krízam, konkrétne problémom spojeným s ich identifikáciou a datovaním. V teoretickej časti sa zaoberá dvoma klasifikáciami prístupov ku identifikovaniu bankových kríz: Jedna rozlišuje medzi krízami identifikovanými na základe konkrétnych udalostí (takzvaný "prípadový" prístup) a krízami identifikovanými podľa indexov (takzvaný "indexový" prístup). Druhá klasifikácia rozdeľuje skupiny v rámci indexového prístupu (prezentované v 2. kapitole práce). Praktická časť diplomovej práce je venovaná bankovým krízam v jedenástich vybraných krajinách. Najprv je prezentovaná kompilácia bankových kríz v týchto krajinách, založená na 4 hlavných databázach bankových kríz (podľa "prípadového" prístupu). Následne sú konštruované 2 indexy s cieľom identifikovať (podľa nich) bankové krízy v týchto krajinách. Indexy sa volajú Banking Sector Fragility Index a Index of Money Pressure. Nakoniec sú výsledky oboch prístupov navzájom porovnané, a takisto sú navzájom porovnané výsledky oboch indexov. Bližšia diskusia je venovaná prípadu Českej republiky, kde indexy vykazujú lepšiu identifikáciu kríz než "prípadový" prístup. Tento fakt potvrdzujú aj akedmické štúdie českého bankovného sektoru. Indexy pre všetky krajiny aj s tabuľkami identifikovaných kríz sú priložené v prílohe na záver...

E-sport is one of the fastest growing sports in the world. Hundreds ofthousands interested people travel every year as spectators to E-sport eventswhen professional E-sport stars compete against each other in the biggestgames in the world. It is an important subject to study because of the lack ofresearch and because of the recent growth of interest for E-sport in theworld. The aim of this thesis is to identify the motives behind travel to E-sport events. To answer the purpose of the thesis a web survey has beenused. The result showed that it is the categories Performance and Excitementthat motivates people to travel to these events and it is the event itself andthe atmosphere on the event that pulls people to the events. Some of themotives to travel as a spectator to E-sports events where affected by earlierexperiences of E-sport events and by how often people travel. The mostnotable motives that showed a significant difference were connected tosocialization, which can depend on spatial circumstances.

Many modern applications, including online financial feeds, tag-based mass transit systems and RFID-based supply chain management systems transmit real-time data streams. There is a need for event stream processing technology to analyze this vast amount of sequential data to enable online operational decision making. This dissertation focuses on innovating several techniques at the core of a scalable E-Analytic system to achieve efficient, scalable and robust methods for in-memory multi-dimensional nested pattern analysis over high-speed event streams. First, I address the problem of processing flat pattern queries on event streams with out-of-order data arrival. I design two alternate solutions: aggressive and conservative strategies respectively. The aggressive strategy produces maximal output under the optimistic assumption that out-of-order event arrival is rare. The conservative method works under the assumption that out-of-order data may be common, and thus produces output only when its correctness can be guaranteed. Second, I design the integration of CEP and OLAP techniques (ECube model) for efficient multi-dimensional event pattern analysis at different abstraction levels. Strategies of drill-down (refinement from abstract to specific patterns) and of roll-up (generalization from specific to abstract patterns) are developed for the efficient workload evaluation. I design a cost-driven adaptive optimizer called Chase that exploits reuse strategies for optimal E-Cube hierarchy execution. Then, I explore novel optimization techniques to support the high- performance processing of powerful nested CEP patterns. A CEP query language called NEEL, is designed to express nested CEP pattern queries composed of sequence, negation, AND and OR operators. To allow flexible execution ordering, I devise a normalization procedure that employs rewriting rules for flattening a nested complex event expression. To conserve CPU and memory consumption, I propose several strategies for efficient shared processing of groups of normalized NEEL subexpressions. Our comprehensive experimental studies, using both synthetic as well as real data streams demonstrate superiority of our proposed strategies over alternate methods in the literature in both effectiveness and efficiency.

The aim of this PhD thesis was to explore the way in which recognition memory changes over time. Of particular interest was how forgetting and systems level consolidation processes alter the qualitative nature of recognition judgments and the impact this has on event related potentials (ERPs) recorded during recognition. An emerging body of fMRI and animal work has started to suggest that changes to the neural basis of memory can be observed after intervals in the order of days and weeks. Although much research has examined the ERP correlates of recent recognition, there has been little attempt to compare this to remote recognition. This gap in the literature is investigated in the present PhD thesis over five ERP and two behavioural experiments. The first set of experiments investigated recognition success i.e. the subjective awareness that a stimulus has been encountered before. Previous work has associated familiarity-based recognition with an early midfrontal ERP effect whereas recollection-based recognition has been linked to a later onsetting parietal ERP effect. These effects were compared for recently studied stimuli and stimuli studied 1 week earlier. Results revealed an attenuation of the late parietal effect. This quantitative difference suggests that the neural networks underlying the ERPs for recent and remote recollection remain the same after a 1 week delay but may be less active after a period of forgetting. Behavioural work linked this to a drop in strength and episodic detail for remote recollection. Examining the midfrontal effect over time produced a more complex pattern of results. The effect was not reliable in Experiment 1 for remote familiarity judgments. In follow up experiments, however, midfrontal effects were reliable for week old memories but were not modulated by either delay or memory strength manipulations. These findings do not permit strong conclusions regarding the way familiarity memory and midfrontal ERPs vary over time, other than to say that the midfrontal effect is not a short lived correlate of recognition memory. A second set of experiments investigated how the length of the delay between study and test impacts on retrieval orientation and retrieval effort. Retrieval orientation refers to the way in which participants strategically alter how a memory cue is processed based on current task demands. Results showed ERP differences when remote memories were cued compared to when recent memories were cued. However, these differences were eliminated when recent and remote memory was matched for performance. This finding indicated that effort required at retrieval rather than memory age per se influenced differential cue processing. A follow up experiment supported this claim but found that participants may utilise delay information during recognition in a very general sense. In this experiment, ERPs indicated different cue processing when participants knew the age of the memories they were trying to retrieve compared to when they did not. Taken together, the results suggest that memory age does not influence the ERP correlates of recognition in a direct manner. More important are the indirect changes occurring over time, such as reduced memory strength, reduced episodic detail, slower reaction times and increased effort at retrieval. These variables, and possibly a range of others, should be controlled as far as possible in studies aiming to explore neural changes driven by systems consolidation. Prospective studies, where the learning phase can be controlled makes this aim feasible, as some of the experiments in this thesis have shown. Future work might benefit from focusing more on variations at encoding, rather than large differences in the length of the retention interval, as has been the traditional approach to this issue.

The Upper Cretaceous Cerro Toro Formation, southern Chile, is characterised by thinbedded turbidites that envelope a series of coarse-grained, confined slope complex systems, interpreted as part of the Lago Sofia Member. This deep-water slope system overlies basin floor sheets of the Punta Barrosa Formation, and is overlain by the sand-filled slope channels of the Tres Pasos Formation. Particularly distinctive beds, known as TEDs (transitional event deposits), are up to 40 m thick, laterally extensive, have prominent fluted bases, and have a vertical fabric starting with (1) a thin, inversely-graded, clast-supported base; then (2) a normally-graded and clastsupported interval; (3) an increasingly sand and clay matrix-supported conglomerate, with (4) a progressive upwards increase in matrix and normally grading, both in the floating gravel clast and matrix grain sizes, towards the top; and (5) a co-genetic sandstone on top. In the Cerro Toro formation, these TEDs tend to occur as multiple beds in the initial phases of deposition of each channel complex system. The TEDs are highly aggradational, slightly more amalgamated in the channel-axis, and more layered towards the margins. The fabric of these spectacular event beds is described in some detail from measured sections, combined with petrographic analysis and high-resolution field mapping. The 4 km x 200 m channel systems are contained within topographically irregular bathymetric lows that formed sediment pathways, interpreted to be either the result of slope deformation, or contained by poorly preserved, tectonically disrupted or slumped external levee. Syn-sedimentary tectonism is interpreted to be responsible for sharp changes in the system's architecture from channels to ponds, marked by a sharp change in lithofacies from dominantly conglomerates to dominantly sandstones. A refined architectural analysis is proposed, focusing on the recurrent pattern of at least 5 cycles of conglomerate-filled channel systems – ponded sheet sandstones.

This diploma thesis addresses one of the modern marketing communication tools -- event marketing whose importance is steeply growing in these days not only abroad but also in the Czech Republic. The objective of this work is to analyze certain problems associated with event marketing involvement in the marketing communication mix of a company occurring in the business-to-business sector. The first part of the work is devoted to the theoretical introduction to different issues around event marketing. However, its main content is created by a view of the situation of the particular company -- MECAS ESI s.r.o. In this part I put emphasis on three event types, using them to carry out a deeper analysis with the aim to reveal their essential problems and to propose certain recommendations to the future. Regarding the applied methods, I use especially structured interviews with particular members of the company, further I gain some information also from a questionnaire survey carried out among event attendees and finally I complete these results with my own knowledge and experience from the company's environment. In the end I come to the conclusion that most of the problems are caused by the insufficient level of cooperation between the sales and marketing department.