Summary in English. / The contention underlying this dissertation is that ethnic identity and notions of community in South Africa are the result of several intertwined processes, which include historic interventions by the state to create 'groups' and 'nations' as building blocks for apartheid structures. These processes also encompass initiatives by those oppressed to constitute 'oppositional' communities. Both sets of activities have occurred in specific historical and material circumstances. By focusing specifically on a 'group' descended largely from merchant forebears, this study of Cape Indians examines the significance over time of the class, caste and religious cleavages within a constructed 'community'. Moreover, this dissertation discusses the effects of political currents on Indians in the Western Cape whose relatively more privileged position in relation to Indians in Natal and the Transvaal has been instrumental in isolating them from most of the events in the other provinces. It is hoped that this dissertation will contribute not only to the history of the Western Cape but, in a broader sense, also to the history of Indians in South Africa.

From introduction: This is a study of Indian family businesses in the central business district of Durban, a sea port on the coast of Natal, in South Africa.

This thesis attempts to analyse the ways in which, a minority responds to varying situations of oppression in a racially structured environment. In order to explicate what constitutes oppression, an historical survey of major legislation affecting Indians in South Africa is outlined. This reveals different techniques used by the dominant group to ward off challenges to its power by counter elites, from direct suppression to neutralisation and co-optation. The reactions of Indians to these changes,and the impact of these responses on their relationship with the dominant group as well as with other subordinate groups at the political, economic, educational and social level guides the focus of this investigation. More specifically, the political behaviour of Indians is examined, (a) in alliance and conflicts with other subordinate groups, particularly Africans, (b) in developing complementary interests with some members of the superordinate group, (c) in. intra-' communal class or status-group based divisions and factions, and (d) in political introversion and inactivity through cultural exclusivism and cultural immersion. Research procedures used during three periods of field work in Natal included the recording of 86 informal interviews, the content analysis of various official and private documents on Indian affairs^nd the collection of essays written by 65 Indian university students as so-called "future autobiographies". The major literature on race relations and minority behaviour in other societal contexts is critically reviewed regarding the applicability of its concepts and models to the South African case. The political behaviour of Indians would seem to indicate how the dialectic of resistance and acquiescence operates in particular historical circumstances. Indeed, neither class consciousness nor ethnicity in themselves constitute satisfactory concepts for generalizations and predictions. Which bond is successfully activated would seem to depend on the specific historical context and perceptions of interest. These proved to have undergone considerable changes, according to the emerging social stratification of the group, despite the common experience of racial discrimination. Predominant Indian political reactions under future majority rule in an African-dominated government would above all depend on the as yet unpredictable policies at that stage, the degree of animosity experienced, and the kind of security awarded to the vulnerable and, therefore, ambivalent, suspicious -"strangers" in between. / Arts, Faculty of / Anthropology, Department of / Graduate

This study examines the factors influencing the spatial distribution of the Indian communities of Grahamstown, King William's Town, Queenstown and Uitenhage from 1880 to 1991. Primary sources of information were used to determine both the spatial distribution of the four communities and the factors influencing the distribution found. These primary sources included the use of directories, municipal and archival sources of information, interviews as well the work of various authors. The study found that the spatial distribution of Indians in the four study areas were similar with the Indians occupying residential and commercial premises in the central areas of the urban centres. After 1980 there was a substantial movement to other areas. Prior to 1950 the municipalities played an important role in influencing spatial distribution. However, after the introduction of the Group Areas Act, the govennment controlled Indian spatial distribution. Thus the Group Areas Act was the most important factor affecting Indian spatial distribution. Indians in small urban centres in the Cape Province were segregated and their spatial distribution was controlled both prior to and after 1950. Anti-Indian legislation and restrictions were the main factors influencing Indian spatial distribution.

Background: Previous investigations on the epidemiology of neck pain in South Africa were limited to the White and Black populations to the exclusion of Indians. Thus the purpose of this study was to create a profile of neck pain and provide an overview of risk factors with particular interest to the Indian population. Objectives: These included the investigation of neck pain prevalence, neck pain clinical characteristics and risk factors for neck pain in the Indian population in the greater Durban area. Method: The first criterion for sample selection the establishment of suburbs within the greater Durban area. Secondly the three most densely populated Indian suburbs were chosen and ranked according to income potential, to ensure a balanced sample. An equal number of residents in each suburb were targeted, with a minimum of 600 respondents. Statistical Program for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 15.0 was used to analyse the data. Results: The demographics indicated that the respondents were predominantly matriculated (40.3%), married (57.9%), men (55.7%) of active (94%) Hindu or Christian religion (43%) with a mean age of 36.7 years and a BMI of 24.8 kg/m2. The prevalence of neck pain was 36.83%, with an annual incidence of 28.83%. Original neck pain lasted 8.56 years with a Numerical Rating Scale reading of 4.97. The seldom experienced pain was affected by lifting, sleeping and concentration. In contrast recent neck pain lasted 50.4 days with a Numerical Rating Scale reading of 4.02. The more frequently experienced pain was equally affected by sleeping and lifting. Common risk factors identified for neck pain generally were stress, cycling, favouring one side when carrying a heavy object and suffering from headaches, shoulder pain and / or back pain. The findings of this study supported previous studies, although there were some significant differences. These included males having had a higher prevalence (55.7%) than females (44.3%), as well as watching television being a preventative factor to neck pain. v Conclusions and Recommendations: Thus the prevalence and risk factors of neck pain in the Indian population were comparable to international norms. It was however noted that stratified gender sampling should perhaps have been utilised to strengthen this study and causality of factors in relation to neck pain could not be determined. Both these limitations allow for future research opportunities.

Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy, University of the Witwatersrand, Faculty of Humanities, Department of Political Studies, 2016 / This dissertation is a critical examination of anti-Indian racism in post-apartheid South Africa. While racism presents an intractable problem for all racial groups in South Africa, this dissertation will show that Indian South Africans are especially framed by a specific racist discourse related to broad perceptions of economic exploitation within the context of redistributive and resource-allocation conflicts, political corruption, insularity and general lack of a socio-cultural ‘fit’ with the rest of South African society. This is not unique to present day South Africa and is (albeit in evolving ways) a long standing phenomenon. Key concerns addressed by the dissertation are: the lack of critical attention to the matter of anti-Indian racism, the historical origins of anti-Indian racism, the characteristics and dynamics of anti-Indian racism and its persistence in post-apartheid South Africa despite an avowed commitment of South Africa’s new post-apartheid dispensation to a non-racial society. / MT2017

Dissertation submitted in partial compliance with the requirements for the Master's Degree in Technology: Homoeopathy, Technikon Natal, 1998. / In South Africa, very little is known about the general public's perception towards homoeopathy. As the homoeopathic profession is facing integration into the National Health System, it needs to determine its role as a health care profession thus raising the question: What need is there in South Africa for homoeopathic services? The purpose of this investigation is to evaluate the perception towards homoeopathy of two communities in the Greater Durban Area, one White and one Indian, in order to determine possible needs for homeopathic services. / M

Dissertation submitted in partial compliance with the requirements for the Master's Degree in Technology: Chiropractic, at echnikon Natal, 1999. / In order to investigate low back pain in an Indian and a Coloured community in South Africa, a population-based epidemiological survey was carried out in which 1 000 subjects were interviewed (500 Indians and 500 Coloureds). Subjects were selected using the Systematic Random Sampling method. A pre-tested questionnaire, designed by the researcher, was used to elicit information about the subjects' demography, general characteristics and details regarding low back pain (incidence, prevalence, severity, disability, treatment). Only subjects 18 years or older who were permanent residents of the 2 suburbs were included in the study. The author carried out the interviews personally / M

This study pays attention to youth of Indian-descent within the context of sexuality and identity and their role in HIV/AIDS. By gaining an understanding of this interaction between identity and sexuality, it adds to our knowledge of the social dynamics that contribute to the prevalence or lack of prevalence of HIV/AIDS within population groups. This study uses a social constructionist discourse analytic framework and aims to explore the construction of sexual knowledge by Southern African youth of Indian-descent. The findings indicate that the construction of sex is primarily one of risk and ambiguity. Additionally, the construction of sexual knowledge highlights the significance of gender differentials and the importance of agency and responsibility for sexual education. These constructions reinforce traditional educational roles that contribute to the construction of sex as risky and ambiguous. In addition, a social identity of Indian-ness and othering is used as a strategy to give meaning to the lack of parental responsibility with regard to sexual education. The use of social identity is seen as highlighting the importance of acknowledging the sexual values within which youth are embedded. This study concludes with possible ways to shift these constructions. For example, one of the conclusions suggests the implementation of an alternative school-based sexual education that acknowledges the sexual values in which youth are embedded. Furthermore, this acknowledgement of sexual values should take place within a holistic sex education programme that is positive about sexuality. Additionally, a reframing of youth as capable and active decision-makers in their sexual education is necessitated in order to see youth as a potential resource in HIV/AIDS prevention.

Thesis (MA) -- Stellenbosch University, 1966. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: no abstract available / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: geen opsomming