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Yes / Financial access is gradually being recognised as an important input to economic development. Using World Bank (2007) database, this study measures the extent of financial access in developed and developing countries. Further, it develops a new Socio-Economic Development Index, which incorporates financial access. It then compares socio-economic development of various countries as shown by Human Development Index (HDI) alone and by the new index incorporating financial access. The results of the study show that Spain ranks highest in terms of financial access followed by Belgium, Malta and South Korea. In addition, the ranking of countries in terms of HDI changes if financial access is taken into account

This study is concerned with developing a dynamic commodity market model for the international palm oil market. Policy implications for the United States and the rest of the world under alternative trade restrictions and policy instruments are assessed, The first objective of this analysis is related to specifying, developing, and obtaining estimates of the structural parameters of the import demand and producer-export supply relationships for the international palm oil market. The short-run import demand price elasticities reported for the United States, the EEC and Canada, and Japan are -3.04, -1.13, and -.418, respectively. The value of the short-run export supply price elasticity is .138. The second objective of the analysis involved evaluating short-run price and quantity impacts associated with imposing a specific import tax on United States palm oil imports. Results of multiplier analysis suggest reduced United States palm oil imports, increased EEC and Canada, and Japanese palm oil imports, reduced world producer-exports of palm oil, and lower world palm oil prices. The final policy objective focuses upon evaluating short-run price and quantity impacts resulting from increased levels of World Bank funding of palm oil projects in the major producer-exporter countries. Interim and total multipliers suggest increased levels of palm oil imports and exports and reduced world palm oil price levels. / Master of Science

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No / Enterprise strategies, governance structure and performance: a comparative study of global integration, Regional Studies. This paper is positioned within a voluminous body of literature exploring the processes of global integration. The research presented here broadens the scope of scholarly inquiry through a process of constructive and critical engagement with the Global Commodity and Value Chain approaches. This is achieved by focusing on the enterprise as a purposive agent that is contextualized in chains and localities; and exploring the broad spectrum of strategies that can result to robust performance. This argument is supported with the findings of a survey of 755 firms in the United Kingdom, Greece, Poland, Estonia, and Bulgaria.