The basic concept for my research is legal culture. Thus I do not confine my study to what has been labelled "historical criminology", but also include litigation in civil cases concerning economic conflicts. Though quantitative analysis is a necessary preliminary step, the focus of my interest lies in attitudes and values, mainly of the lower classes. The study of popular legal culture in Stockholm 1620-1720 is viewed in a comparative perspective with Chester and Bremen, two cities with legal systems belonging to the two main judicial traditions of Europe. At the basis of any theory of culture and cultural change should be the assumption that there is a relation between culture and the power structure in the society where that culture is situated. But power is not only the determinant of culture, legal culture also includes the way that power is structured, and the ways it is exercised. In the field of legal culture the main change with respect to power in the period I have examined is what has been labelled the judicial revolution. This concept is related to the process of the state taking control over legal system and establishing a monopoly of violence in society. Two main features may be discerned in the change of criminal pattern of Stockholm during the period 1620-1720. There is a distinct fall of the frequency of lethal violence and a rise of female criminality. In fact the early eighteenth century Stockholm is the only case known where more women than men are indicted and sentenced. The comparative study focuses on how the legal tradition coexists with different political and economic systems and with differences in the legal culture: values and attitudes concerning the law, especially the code of honour, which from a Swedish point of view seems to be a crucial element in the popular legal culture, the education and backgrund of the judges and lawyers as well as the participation of laymen in the legal system, the equality before law; the role of different kinds of argumentation in the legal discourse and finally the existence of popular sanctions outside the official system. The anglo-saxon system has maintained many arcaic and irrational elements, but on the other hand it has fostered a strong tradition of commersialization, pluralism and freedom to choose between different kind of courts, which may have aided the developement of a capitalistic economy. In Bremen the bürger-elite stayed in control of the political power, working for the autonomy of the city. But at the same time the city council gave place to a large number of judicially trained members and ranged itsef within the legal system of the empire.

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I den turbulenta konjunkturen som vi befinner oss i fortsätter fondsparandet att öka i Europa. De svenska fondbolagen försöker anpassa sina produkter till vad de tror deras kunder söker. Majoriteten av dessa kunder känner sig dock tveksamma till alltför exotiska produkter och föredrar därför en aktiefond med inriktning mot Sverige. Storbankerna är de som har den största delen av denna lönsamma kaka. Men det finns även alternativ som har blommat upp de sista åren med en betydligt lägre avgift de sk indexfonderna. Trots detta verkar storbankernas kunder trögrörliga och stanna troget kvar med sina dyrare fonder. Men vilken avkastning har de fått de sista fem åren? Och hur har deras fonder utvecklats mot index? I denna uppsats försöker jag kortfattat beskriva indexens uppbyggnad och resultatet av bankernas strategi att investera nära dessa index. Kontentan blir kanske inte helt oväntat en fondutveckling som hamnar strax ovan eller strax under index, trots att dessa banker tar bra betalt för att bedriva en aktiv förvaltning, som ska hitta de bästa mest köpvärda aktierna som finns för tillfället på marknaden. Slutsatsen blir alltså att kunderna kanske bör bli mer aktiva och i alla fall titta på alternativen som åtminstone finns på marknaden.

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