The economic decline of many rural American towns in recent decades has garnered much attention and research. Most of this research, however, has taken a prescriptive approach to policy and has focused mainly on making recommendations for how to “fix” rural America. No research has systematically looked at what declining rural American areas are already doing to support their local economies and attempt to reverse economic decline. This study explores 55 towns and counties, 50 through their planning documents and five through a combination of planning documents and in-depth informational interviews, to determine how local governments are responding to economic decline. This analysis reveals that there is a very wide variety in both types of response and the level of response. While some areas are doing very little to address economic decline, other areas are implementing innovative and intensive approaches to build more robust and diversified economies. Overall, the implication of this research is that both scholars and policymakers should be careful to understand local contexts before making prescriptive policy approaches.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:27:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MarceloLL_DISSERT.pdf: 997079 bytes, checksum: 135464ae7351dbf135743533565a84e1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-04-05 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / The judicial intervention in limited liability company goes through several issues of legislative and hermeneutics origin, based considerably on the small importance given to freedom of economic initiative by the participants in the process of formation and application of the law. In addition, Brazilian law, due to incompleteness, inconsistency or lack of valid grounds, put the judge in a procedural delicate situation. Being forced to judge, the judiciary faces severe uncomfortable interpretive situations, of which derive solutions of dubious constitutionality and affecting, significantly, the dynamics of business activity. In this context, and considering the limited liability company as an expression of free enterprise, corresponding to a lawful association of people in order to undertake economically, in exercise of his freedom of contracting and professional action, intended to be offered safe parameters of constitutionality for judicial intervention in limited liability company in the hypothesis of (i) transfer of corporate shares, (ii) attachment of corporate shares, (iii) dismissal of directors, (iv) appointment of judicial stakeholders, (v) exclusion of shareholders and (vi ) trespass. The hypothetical-deductive approach was adopted, building hypotheses to overcome the gaps and unconstitutionality of the law and subjecting them to tests, reviews, and comparisons with hypothetical facts and case law in order to determine the constitutional validity of the proposed solutions. The procedure aimed to reconcile the historical, comparative, dialectical and scientific methods. The roots of temporal institutes were researched as well as current solutions provided by national and compared law. From problematizations point, addressed by the constitutional interpretation of the law and jurisprudence, responses that bring out the unconstitutionality of certain conceptions were headed / A interven??o judicial nas sociedades limitadas passa por um sem-n?mero de percal?os de origem legislativa e hermen?utica, fundados, consideravelmente, na pouca materializa??o dada ? livre iniciativa por todos os part?cipes do processo de forma??o e aplica??o do direito. Ademais, as normas infraconstitucionais, por incompletude, contradi??o ou aus?ncia de fundamento de validade, p?em o juiz em uma delicada situa??o processual. Sem poder deixar de julgar, este ?rg?o do Poder Judici?rio finda por enfrentar situa??es de severo desconforto interpretativo, das quais derivam solu??es de constitucionalidade duvidosa e que afetam, sobremaneira, a din?mica da atividade empresarial. Nesse contexto, e considerando-se a sociedade limitada uma express?o da livre iniciativa, correspondendo a uma l?cita associa??o de pessoas com o fim de empreender economicamente, no exerc?cio de suas liberdades de contrata??o e a??o profissional, intentou-se oferecer par?metros de constitucionalidade seguros para a interven??o judicial nas sociedades limitadas nas hip?teses de (i) transfer?ncia de quotas societ?rias, (ii) penhora de quotas societ?rias, (iii) destitui??o de administradores, (iv) nomea??o de administradores judiciais, (v) exclus?o de s?cios e (vi) trespasse. Adotou-se o m?todo hipot?tico-dedutivo de abordagem, construindo-se hip?teses para a supera??o das lacunas e inconstitucionalidades do ordenamento jur?dico e submetendo-as a testes, cr?ticas e confrontos com fatos hipot?ticos e jurisprudenciais a fim de se verificar a validade constitucional das solu??es propostas. Quanto ao procedimento, buscou-se conciliar os m?todos hist?rico, comparativo, dial?tico e cient?fico. Pesquisaram-se as ra?zes temporais dos institutos, bem como as solu??es atuais dadas pelo Direito nacional e comparado. A partir de problematiza??es pontuais, solucionadas pela interpreta??o constitucional da lei e da jurisprud?ncia, encaminharam-se respostas que trazem ? tona a inconstitucionalidade de certas concep??es